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Biomedical subjects

R Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to R Takeda.

585 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Power spectral analysis of heart rate and arterial blood pressure oscillation in brain-dead patients.

To clarify the mechanism of the slow arterial blood pressure oscillation seen in brain-dead patients, we investigated the frequency of fluctuations in arterial blood pressure and heart rate using power spectral analysis. The electrocardiogram, arterial blood pressure and respiration were recorded simultaneously from 9 brain-dead patients and 8 vegetative patients. Power spectral analysis of these data revealed a very slow fluctuation (0.002-0.01 Hz) in arterial blood pressure in brain-dead patients, the frequency of which was equal to that of the low-frequency spectrum of heart rate, indicating vasomotor sympathetic activity. Neuropathological examinations of the medulla and spinal cords of 4 autopsied brain-dead patients revealed that the spinal cord, ventral and dorsal nerve roots, and the nucleus intermediolateralis of the lateral horn below the level of C3/4 were virtually intact. These findings suggest strongly that the slow oscillation of arterial blood pressure in brain-dead patients originates from the vasomotor tone controlled by spinal sympathetic nerves.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elevated endogenous Na-K-ATPase inhibitor activity in hypertensive diabetic patients with a family history of hypertension.

Digitalis-like substance (DLS) was measured by Na-K-ATPase inhibitor (ATPI) activity and digitalis-like immunoreactivity (DLI) in 100 patients with type II diabetes. Hypertensive diabetic patients with a positive family history for hypertension had high ATPI levels compared with those patients with a negative family history for the disease. DLI level did not differ between groups. There was no significant difference in ATPI and DLI levels among three groups based on level of urinary albumin excretion. These data suggest that a circulating factor (or circulating factors) determined by ATPI may be linked with genetic factors in the development of hypertension, but not to the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Albuminuria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New variant of low density lipoprotein receptor gene. FH-Tonami.

A new variant of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene was ascertained through Southern blotting analysis of LDLR genes of 35 unrelated Japanese patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). This mutant gene had a 6 kilobase deletion which had eliminated only exon 15, an exon that encodes the O-linked sugar domain. The mutation was recognized in two patients with heterozygous FH. We refer to these patients as 'FH-Tonami', since they were both born in the Japanese district of Tonami. Although there is no evidence of a relation between families, the possibility of a common ancestor with FH does exist. Neonatal diagnosis of FH in two fetuses from one family was possible through analyses of their LDLR genes in cord blood samples at delivery.

Genes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of the renal pelvic and ureteral carcinomas by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine in SD/cShi rats with spontaneous hydronephrosis.

We attempted to establish an animal model for renal pelvic and ureteral carcinomas. In Experiment 1, Sprague-Dawley (SD)/cShi and SD/gShi strains of male and female rats and Fischer-344 (F-344)/DuCrj and LEW/Crj strains of male rats, 6 wk old, were given 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) for 12 wk and then treated without chemical for 10 wk. Only the SD/cShi strain, which has spontaneous hydronephrosis and hydroureter, showed high incidences of carcinomas in the renal pelvises and ureters, whereas the other strains did not. In Experiment 2, SD/cShi and Crj:CD strains of male and female rats, 6 wk old, were exposed to 0.05% BBN for 20 wk. Both sexes of SD/cShi rats had high incidences of bilateral carcinomas in renal pelvises and/or ureters associated with urinary bladder carcinomas, whereas both sexes of Crj:CD rats had urinary bladder tumors only. These results indicate that the SD/cShi strain may be a suitable animal for the induction of renal pelvic and ureteral carcinomas that appear to depend on urine stagnation secondary to hydronephrosis and hydroureter.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T is not associated with expression of pyrimidine metabolic enzyme genes in colorectal cancer.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism may influence the chemosensitivity of colorectal cancers to fluorouracil (5-FU) by increasing intracellular 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate. The effect of this polymorphism on the expression of thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), orotate phosphoribosyl transferase (OPRT) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in colorectal cancer was investigated. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism was analysed and TS, DPD, OPRT and TP mRNA expression was measured in tumour and adjacent normal mucosal tissue. In all patients, the genotypes of the tumour and normal tissues were identical. No differences were found in the expression of TS, DPD or TP mRNA by genotype in either tumour or normal tissue. Although the OPRT mRNA level in tumour tissue was not associated with the genotype, normal mucosa with the TT genotype showed a significantly higher OPRT mRNA level than mucosa with other genotypes. The MTHFR C667T polymorphism is not associated with intratumoural expression of TS, DPD, OPRT or TP.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complete atrioventricular block following radiation therapy for malignant thymoma.

Complete atrioventricular block following radiation is very rare. We present a case which developed after radiation therapy for malignant thymoma. The etiology of conduction disturbances due to radiation is unknown. In our case, serial electrocardiograms showed stepwise progression of the conduction disturbance, and His bundle electrocardiograms revealed new prolongation of the H-V interval. Endomyocardial biopsy specimens demonstrated occlusion in small arteries and diffuse degenerative changes in the myocardium. We therefore attributed the complete atrioventricular block in our patient to secondary damage to the conduction system, caused by radiation-induced occlusive changes in the small arteries supplying the conduction system.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An autopsy case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy showing dilated cardiomyopathy-like features by serial ventriculography.

An autopsy case of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), in which the clinical features of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) developed after 10 years is described. Three serial left ventriculograms (LVG) and bi-ventriculograms (BVG) were performed during the 10-year follow-up. At the time of the first observation, the ECG revealed a giant negative T wave (GNT) in V5 (-1.5mV) and high voltage (SV1 + RV5 = 8.1mV). The LVG and BVG showed concentric left ventricular wall hypertrophy and a pressure gradient in the left ventricular out-flow tract. However, follow-up studies disclosed resolution of the GNT with decreased high voltage. All wall thicknesses and the ejection fraction were significantly decreased and the wall motion was reduced serially. These findings were consistent with the clinical profile of DCM. At autopsy, the heart weighed 610 g and showed dilated change of the left ventricular cavity. Significant myocardial fibrosis, bizarre myocardial hypertrophy with disorganization (BMHD) and severe narrowing of the intramural small arteries due to intimal thickening were found in the left ventricular wall, especially in the anterior and interventricular septal wall. This autopsy case suggests that some cases of HCM, with serial disappearance of the deep negative T wave and high voltage, deteriorate to the clinical profile of DCM.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between antigen release and antibody response of infectious coryza water-in-oil-in-water emulsion vaccines.

The relationship between the antigen release from formulations in vitro and the antibody response after administration of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion vaccines containing Haemophilus paragallinarum (Hpg) was studied in chickens. Increases of sorbitan sesquioleate volume in the formulation led to slower antigen release and tended to induce higher hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers. In addition, the vaccines prepared with internal aqueous phase:oil phase:external aqueous phase (A:O:A) ratios of 3:4:3 and 3:3:4 also showed slower release of antigen and higher HI antibody titer compared with those of an A:O:A ratio of 3:2:5. Vaccines prepared with polyoxyethylene (POE)(10) hydrogenated castor oil or POE(40) hydrogenated castor oil instead of sorbitan sesquioleate showed higher release and lower antibody HI titers. As a result, HI antibody titers at 6 wk after vaccination were inversely related to antigen release, as determined by the release test. The correlation coefficient was 0.942. In infectious coryza W/O/W emulsion vaccines, the slow release of antigen from the formulation induced and maintained high HI antibody titers of Hpg.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗