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Biomedical subjects

R Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to R Takeda.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The effects of glibenclamide and insulin on plasma high density lipoprotein in diabetics.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of various types of treatment such as glibenclamide and insulin on plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentration in diabetics. Treatment of diabetes mellitus was reevaluated from the standpoint of high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Twenty-one diabetic patients (6 men and 15 women) who have been admitted in the hospital and kept on Japanese standard diet for diabetes mellitus, have been studied. Changes of plasma lipoprotein in diabetic patients were followed up before and after treatment with glibenclamide or insulin. Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were decreased and HDL was increased with insulin treatment. However, glibenclamide induced a significant decrease in HDL- cholesterol (Ch). Relationship between triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins and HDL metabolism was studied. A significant negative correlation was found between pretreatment VLDL-TG and changes of VLDL-TG with insulin treatment, indicating an accelerated catabolism of VLDL-TG with possible increase of triglyceride lipases. There was a significant negative correlation between VLDL-TG and HDL-Ch before insulin treatment, but not after treatment. There was no negative correlation between changes of VLDL-TG and changes of HDL-Ch with insulin therapy. These results indicate that an increment of HDL with insulin treatment can not be explained solely by increased HDL formation from TG-rich lipoprotein and that insulin might increase synthesis and secretion of HDL in liver and/or intestine.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1981

Plasma lipids and lipoproteins of Japanese adults and umbilical cord blood.

By means of sequential ultracentrifugation of plasma from 85 control healthy Japanese subjects and from 15 maternal infant pairs, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL: d less than 1.006 g/ml), low density lipoprotein (LDL: 1.006 less than d less than 1.063 g/ml) and high density lipoprotein (HDL: d greater than 1.063 g/ml) were obtained and analyzed for cholesterol (Ch), triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B). These results were compared to values in Western countries reported in the literature. HDL-Ch/LDL-Ch of adult Japanese was much higher than that of subjects in Western countries, especially in males. Umbilical cord (U) plasma-Ch, TG, PL and Apo B were 73.3 +/- 15.9, 51.0 +/- 10.4, 110.0 +/- 21.0 and 47.6 +/- 15.7 (mean +/- S.D.) mg/100 ml, respectively. In cord blood the concentrations of Ch, TG and PL in all lipoprotein density classes were less than one half of those in normal adults. Cord blood has higher levels of HDL-Ch and lower levels of LDL-Ch than normal adults. Therefore, HDL-Ch/LDL-Ch ratio in cord blood (1.58 +/- 0.32 was far higher than the ratio in normal adults (0.50 +/- 0.11). In cord blood, HDL was the predominant Ch, TG and PL carrying lipoprotein. HDL-Ch/LDL-Ch ratios were 1.58 in Japan, 1.14 in USA, 0.89 in Australia and 0.69 in GDR. HDL-Ch/LDL-Ch ratio in Japanese cord blood was the highest among the values reported in the literature. The relationships between maternal and infant lipoproteins were more significant in HDL than in VLDL or LDL. The positive correlation between maternal HDL and infant HDL may suggest the possibility of placental transfer of intact HDL particles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Results of total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

To compare the results of total gastrectomy performed during the last 30 years, we classified 256 patients into four chronologic groups. Despite advances facilitating early detection of gastric cancer, the percentage of patients with stage IV cancer was not significantly different among the four groups. However, operative mortality decreased and curability increased in the two most recent groups. The 5 year survival rate was significantly increased in patients operated on after 1960. Our results show that in Japan, operative mortality and 5 year survival compare favorably with reports from Western countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Therapeutic significance of noncurative gastrectomy for gastric cancer with liver metastasis.

The therapeutic significance of noncurative gastrectomy for gastric cancer with liver metastasis was evaluated and the histologic characteristics of such cancer examined. The mean postoperative survival time of patients with liver metastasis limited to one lobe or a few scattered metastases to both lobes without peritoneal metastasis or direct cancer invasion to other organs was significantly prolonged by noncurative gastrectomy. Differentiated adenocarcinoma, including papillary adenocarcinoma, and intravenous cancer invasion were found to be the histologic characteristics of gastric cancer with liver metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Role of the renin-angiotensin system in enhancing the aldosterone response to adenocorticotropin during acute sodium depletion in normal subjects.

The role of the renin-angiotensin system in enhancing aldosterone responsiveness to ACTH during acute sodium depletion was studied in 14 healthy medical students. Acute sodium depletion was achieved by oral treatment with 80 mg furosemide and 200 mg SQ 14,225 for 1 day. The im administration of 250 micrograms alpha ACTH-(1-24) or vehicle was performed at 0800-0900 h both on the day after ad libitum diet (control) and 1 h after the oral administration of 50 mg SQ 14,225 on the day after acute sodium depletion. Treatments with furosemide and SQ 14,225 before both ACTH and vehicle administration induced a reproducible sodium depletion, accompanied by a marked increase in PRA and no significant increase in plasma aldosterone. The administration of ACTH, but not of vehicle, produced significant increases in plasma aldosterone in both control and acute sodium-depleted subjects. However, the ACTH-induced increases in plasma aldosterone and their maximal net and percent increments during acute sodium depletion were significantly greater than control values. It is concluded that angiotensin II does not play an important role in enhancing the aldosterone-stimulating activity of ACTH during acute sodium depletion and that sodium depletion per se may be responsible for this enhancement.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗