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Biomedical subjects

R Sutherland

Publications and source records attributed to R Sutherland.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1970

Flucloxacillin, a new isoxazolyl penicillin, compared with oxacillin, cloxacillin, and dicloxacillin.

Flucloxacillin, a new isoxazole penicillin, is active against penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus and is well absorbed in man after oral and intramuscular administration. Compared with isoxazole penicillins in current clinical use-namely, oxacillin, cloxacillin, and dicloxacillin-flucloxacillin has proved as active against Gram-positive cocci, including penicillin-resistant staphylococci. The extent of binding of flucloxacillin to the protein of human serum was similar to that of oxacillin and cloxacillin and less than that of dicloxacillin. In man flucloxacillin given orally produced total and free serum levels higher than those obtained with oxacillin and cloxacillin; total serum levels similar to those of dicloxacillin, and free levels greater than those of dicloxacillin. Similarly, after intramuscular injection the free serum levels of flucloxacillin were higher than those of oxacillin, cloxacillin, and dicloxacillin.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1970

Procedures for the assay of carbenicillin in body fluids.

The assay of carbenicillin in clinical specimens is complicated by the fact that carbenicillin also contains a small amount of benzylpenicillin, thereby precluding the use of conventional penicillin assay organisms. This report gives details of a microbiological assay method involving the use of a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is very sensitive to carbenicillin but insensitive to benzylpenicillin. The outline of a microassay method with this organism is presented, and a method for the assay of specimens containing mixtures of carbenicillin and other antibiotics is described.

Agar↗
PubMed1969

Sensitivity of Gram-negative bacilli to ampicillin after six years' clinical use.

A total of 1,102 clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacilli was obtained from four hospitals during 1967 and these cultures were tested for sensitivity to ampicillin. Approximately 80% of the strains of Escherichia coli and 90% of the strains of Proteus mirabilis, the two organisms most frequently isolated, were sensitive to ampicillin. Klebsiella-Enterobacter species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were generally insensitive. Comparison of these results with data obtained in an earlier study with Gram-negative organisms isolated in 1961 showed that there had been no significant increase in the incidence of resistance of Gram-negative bacilli to ampicillin during the period 1961-67. The majority of ampicillin-resistant strains of E. coli isolated in 1967 transferred ampicillin resistance to a sensitive strain of E. coli K12. Only four ampicillin-resistant strains of E. coli isolated in 1961 were available for transferable resistance tests but all four strains transferred ampicillin resistance. Infective or transferable resistance was therefore a feature of ampicillin resistance of certain Gram-negative bacteria before ampicillin became generally available for clinical use.

Ampicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of two bisphosphonates on human neutrophil chemiluminescence and myeloperoxidase activity.

In order to assess the importance of chlorine in a drug molecule as an influence on myeloperoxidase-mediated inflammatory cell functions, the effect of the chlorinated bisphosphonate, clodronate, on human neutrophil chemiluminescence and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was compared to the non-chlorinated structural analogue, etidronate. The results suggested that the presence of chlorine may be important to the enhancement of MPO activity. In addition both drugs manifested low toxicity and both of these observations may have relevance to host defence.

Acridines↗