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Biomedical subjects

R Sunderland

Publications and source records attributed to R Sunderland.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Fetal position and skull shape.

The skull shapes of 615 consecutively born babies weighing over 2500 g were examined visually and by palpation. A characteristic deformity of the occiput was found which was strongly associated with breech presentation; it is suggested that this be termed hyptiocephaly. Severe forms of hyptiocephaly might partially explain the high incidence of occipital osteodiastasis in breech babies. A lesser occipital deformity was associated with occipito-posterior presentation. It was found that facial asymmetry declined with increasing parity. Statistical trends suggest that all of these abnormalities of skull shape are the effect, rather than the cause, of the abnormal fetal position.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1980

Lumbar puncture in children with convulsions associated with fever.

452 previously healthy children aged over six months and under six years were admitted to the Sheffield Children's Hospital between January, 1972, and December, 1976, after their first convulsion associated with fever. 304 of the children had a lumbar puncture. 25 punctures were necessary according to defined clinical criteria--including those in 15 children who were subsequently shown to have meningitis. All 148 children who did not have a lumbar puncture made a prompt and uneventful recovery. Children with convulsions associated with fever should be referred to hospital. A lumbar puncture should be performed when meningitis is suspected, after examination by a senior and experienced member of the staff. It should not be carried out as a routine procedure.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

Apparent disapperance of hypernatraemic dehydration from infant deaths in Sheffield.

The death certificates and necropsy reports of the 1115 Sheffield infants who died under 2 years of age in 1969-78 were examined. This study showed the apparent disappearance of deaths with hypernatraemia and in particular deaths presenting as cot deaths. The fall in incidence may be as much the result of an intensive local campaign on child care and infant feeding as of the change in the composition of dried milk for baby feeding.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1979

The mortality and birth rates of spina bifida during a period of treatment, selection and antenatal screening in Sheffield, 1963-1978.

The birth rates for all neural tube defects and the mortality rates from spina bifida and encephalocele have been obtained for Sheffield children by examining the congenital anomalies register and death certificates during the period from 1963-1978. The introduction of atenatal alpha foetoprotein screening of all pregnant women in 1977 is associated in time with a sharp fall in the birth rate of neural tube defects. The mortality rate for spina bifida with encephalocele rose gradually from 1967 to 1976, apparently unaffected by the introduction of clinical selection prior to surgery in 1971. The antenatal screening of previously affected families (since 1973) did not affect the mortality rate, but screening the total pregnant population since 1977 has been associated with a sharp reduction in the mortality rate. The mortality rate curve for spina bifida with encephalocele is markedly different from the birth rate curve which makes the common practice of inferring birth rates from mortality rates invalid. There was a gradual increase from 1967 to 1978 in the proportion of children born with spina bifida in any given year who died before their second birthday. This increase appears to have been uninfluenced by the introduction of selection or antenatal screening. The changes in mortality rate and survival may be as much due to unknown factors as to changes in medical management.

Amniotic Fluid↗