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Biomedical subjects

R Strand

Publications and source records attributed to R Strand.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A systems paradigm of organizational adaptations to the social environment.

In order to define generic research questions and to develop a typology of organizational social performance concepts, a systems paradigm for organizational adaptations to social environments is advocated. The active distinction between descriptive, normative, and evaluative inquiry is emphasized. Organizational social responsibility, social responsiveness, and social responses are defined in context of the systems paradigm. In addition, a categorical model of organizational social responses that directly affect the quality of work life and the quantity of life is outlined.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Methods and validity of dietary assessments in four Scandinavian populations.

Average intakes of nonstarch polysaccharides (dietary fiber), foods, and nutrients were measured in representative samples of 30 men aged 50-59 in 4 Scandinavian populations with a 3-4 fold difference in risk for large bowel cancer. The assessment technique, a 4-day weighed record of food consumed and duplicate collections of all food eaten, was validated by chemical analysis of the duplicates, by measuring 24-hour urine and fecal nitrogen excretion, and by comparing the constituents of the urine samples collected during the survey with similar collections 1-2 weeks later. There were good agreements between estimates of fat and protein intake obtained by food-table calculations of the 4-day weighed record and the chemically analyzed duplicates. Urinary plus fecal nitrogen excretion was equal to estimated nitrogen intake during the survey, and no discernable changes in urinary output occurred after the survey, thereby implying that dietary habits had not changed as a result of the investigative technique. It is concluded that the dietary data are indicative of current patterns of food consumption and are sufficiently valid for comparison with data on cancer risk in the 4 areas.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Dietary patterns in Parikkala and Helsinki, Finland.

By 4-day weighing, food consumption was recorded for a total of 59 men, aged 50-59 years, in 2 Finnish districts: Parikkala, a rural Finnish community, and the city of Helsinki. Food intake patterns differed between these populations. More cereals and thus more carbohydrates, more milk, and more meat, eggs, and sugar were consumed by the rural population, which therefore had a higher energy intake. Alcohol consumption was higher in Helsinki. Food preparation methods were found to differ between the populations, and day-to-day differences in food and nutrient intake were observed in both districts.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1981

Chiari I "malformations"--an acquired disorder?

Caudal herniation of the hindbrain, indistinguishable from the Chiari I deformity, may occur after the establishment of spinal subarachnoid shunts and become symptomatic years after the procedure. Examples are presented and others are cited from the literature. It is proposed that the force responsible for the displacement is the difference in pressure between the cranial and spinal compartments. On the basis of these observations and other considerations as well, a similar process, disproportionate absorption of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal region, might account for the spontaneous form of the Chiari I deformity.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

Diagnosis of cranial asymmetries in cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Nine of 29 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations exhibited abnormal cranial asymmetries on computed tomography (CT). Two of these patients showed no other abnormalities on their precontrast CT scans. Assessment of cranial asymmetry is recommended in all patients suspected of having an arteriovenous malformation.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

Posterior fossa subdural hematomas in neonates.

Posterior fossa subdural hematomas in the newborn infant are rare but potentially treatable. The infants are normal after birth, but within days, hydrocephalus hypotonia, and irregular respirations develop. Seizures and third nerve pareses are unusual. We report a neonate in whom this process was identified by computerized tomographic brain scan. We also discuss potential misinterpretations of the computerized tomographic brain scan in neonates.

Cranial Fossa, Posterior↗
PubMed1977

Gas myelography.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea via the fossa of Rosenmuller.

Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid fistulas in children are not rare as described by Harwood-Nash and Caldicott, North, and Simpson. Those involving the sphenoid bone apparently are rare, particularly in early childhood.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clival chondroma in a child with Ollier's disease. Case report.

An 8-year-old female with Ollier's disease (multiple enchondromatosis) developed an intracranial chondroma arising from the clivus, which was diagnosed by both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and management of this rare pediatric intracranial tumor are discussed.

Cartilage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acoustic neuromas in children.

Although unilateral acoustic neuromas in children are rare, they do occur. There is no gender predilection and the clinical symptoms and signs are similar to those seen in adults. They tend to occur in the absence of neurofibromatosis and are usually benign. Our patient is the youngest yet reported with documented unilateral acoustic neuroma; moreover; she is the first child in whom this tumor has been proven to be malignant both by histopathology and subsequent clinical behavior.

Female↗