Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Spencer

Publications and source records attributed to R Spencer.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1970

An investigation of the inhibitory properties of sodium thioglycollate in media for the recovery of clostridial spores.

The effect of various concentrations of sodium thioglycollate (0-0.05%) on the recovery of spores of four strains of clostridia was investigated. The results showed that thioglycollate at a concentration of 0.01% can be inhibitory to some clostridia. However, the results also indicated that the inhibitory effect is dependent upon the composition of the growth medium. The presence of glucose appeared to be particularly important in reducing the inhibitory effect. These findings support the view that the use of sodium thioglycollate in sterility test media should be discontinued.

Clostridium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual cardiac malformations in conjoined twins: thoracopagus twins with conjoined pentalogy of Cantrell and an omphalopagus twin with atretic ventricles.

Two unrelated cases of conjoined twins were found to have cardiac malformations that apparently have not been reported previously. In one case, thoracopagus twins had an extensive thoracoabdominal wall defect that resulted in ectopia cordis of a conjoined heart along with evisceration of the shared liver and intestine along with one spleen. These malformations, accompanied by defects in the sternum, diaphragm, and supraumbilical abdominal wall, constitute a conjoined pentalogy of Cantrell. In the second case, the heart of one of omphalopagus twins consisted of a solid ventricular mass with only a minute aortic cavity but no atrioventricular communication-an ineffective heart that could develop only in a conjoined or chorioangiopagus twin. In both cases, a common atrium lay in the primitive (embryologic) position caudal to the ventricles.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital heart defects in conjoined twins: outcome after surgical separation of thoracopagus.

In this study, we correlated cardiac malformations in the various types of conjoined twins with the proposed site of embryologic union and evaluated the possibility of survival after surgical separation. We conclude that surgical separation is only very rarely successful in twins with united hearts, whereas survival in twins with separate hearts is more dependent on the malformations of other viscera. This report deals primarily with conjoined twins in whom anomalies of the heart are the major factor in deciding whether surgical separation is feasible.

Heart Defects, Congenital↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prosopo-thoracopagus conjoined twins and other cephalopagus-thoracopagus intermediates: case report and review of the literature.

Prosopo-thoracopagus twins are united from the face down to the umbilicus, none with union in the brain but all with visceral anomalies intermediate between those of cephalopagus and thoracopagus. In a review of over 1200 cases of conjoined twins reported during the past 100 years, there were 14 that illustrate the continuum between cephalopagus and thoracopagus, including three that were united only from the cervical region to the umbilicus. Classic cephalopagus twins are joined from the top of the head to the umbilicus, sharing a single foregut as well as two relatively normal hearts, the "posterior" one often diminished. Typical thoracopagus, however, are conjoined only from the upper thorax to the umbilicus, each twin with a normal foregut but both sharing a single complex multiventricular heart. The intermediate cases shared either a single very abnormal heart or two hearts united by double aortic arches, and all except one had a single foregut. It is these cases intermediate between cephalopagus and thoracopagus which are the subject of this report.

Abortion, Induced↗