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Biomedical subjects

R Solomon

Publications and source records attributed to R Solomon.

106 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Roles and expectations for mental health professionals in law enforcement agencies.

To assess consumer needs for and attitudes toward mental health services within law enforcement agencies, a questionnaire composed of a comprehensive list of mental health services potentially available to police departments was administered to populations of police officers and mental health workers. Respondents rated the services according to perceived utility of the service for law enforcement needs. Generally, police officers seemed receptive to several kinds of mental health service, although they were less enthusiastic about the value of the services than professionals. The implication of these data for the community mental health worker are discussed in terms of establishing and maintaining effective, mutually satisfying relationships with law enforcement agencies.

Attitude↗
PubMed1976

The training of paraprofessionals as behavior modifiers: a review.

Paraprofessionals are increasingly being employed in the mental health field. While much interest has focused on their roles and functioning, little systematic attention has been devoted to an examination of training practices. Because a particularly compatible relationship may exist between paraprofessionals and the behavioral model of intervention, this review focuses on the training and use of paraprofessionals as behavior modifiers. Paraprofessional populations reviewed include psychiatric aides and nurses, college students, inpatients, and community and indigenous workers. The review concludes that a strong case can be made for the administrative feasibility of training and utilizing diverse groups of paraprofessionals as behavior modifiers. The lack of consistent, solid outcome evidence prohibits a conclusion relative to the effectiveness of these paraprofessionals at this point in time. Numerous researchable questions concerning the effectiveness of various forms of training with paraprofessionals, optimal length of training for various purposes, training resistances, etc., are unanswered. Beyond this, a serious lack of communication of the basic process of training is revealed, and the perhpas questionable roles paraprofessionals are being trained for is discussed.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1975

Demonstration of lysosomal and extralysosomal sites for acid phosphatase in mouse kidney tubule cells with p-nitrophenylphosphate lead-salt technique.

Dual localization of acid phosphatase in lysosomal and extralysosomal sites of the tubule epithelial cells of normal mouse kidney was observed at the light and electron microscope level using a modified Gomori lead-salt method with p-nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP) as substrate. Based on previous biochemical and cytochemical findings, we developed optimal conditions for the enzyme activity in extralysosomal sites. The conditions used for the light microscopic level consisted of 1.5 mM PNPP, 2.0 MM Pb(NO3)2 and 0.05 M acetate buffer (pH 5.8). Those for the electron microscopic study required 3.0 mM PNPP, 3.6 MM Pb(NO3)2 and 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 5.8). This modified lead-salt technique was highly specific and provided a suitable method for the demonstration of nonlysosomal as well as lysosomal sites of acid phosphatase activity in the tubule epithelial cells of normal mouse kidney. As expected, the enzyme activity appeared in the lysosomes, but the prominent reaction in the brush border, the rough endoplasmic reticulum and basal infolding plasma membranes was not anticipated. We were able to demonstrate in situ organelle precursors of microsomal acid phosphatase such as endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane and basal infolding membranes showing the same substrate preference, which had been observed previously in biochemical studies in our laboratory. Since the possible participation of alkaline phosphatases, K+-pNPPase or Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase was ruled out by use of appropriate inhibitors, the enzyme-reactive sites can be interpreted as reflecting nonspecific acid phosphatase.

Acetates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Kidd minus-minus phenotype in a Caucasian.

This is the reported example in a Caucasian with the phenotype Jk(a-b-). A strongly reacting antibody was present which was of a single specificity and which could be completely absorbed by either Jk(a+b-) or Jk(a-b+) cells. Since no compatible donors could be found, autotransfusion was done. Family study failed to reveal any other members with the Jk(a-b-) phenotype. The question of a third allele at the Kidd locus is considered.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical treatment for chronic lower-leg compartment syndrome in young female athletes.

Our experience in treating chronic lower-leg compartment syndrome suggests that women may be more susceptible to this injury than are men, an observation for which there is support in the literature. Furthermore, when we evaluated the 47 young female athletes (age range, 13 years 11 months to 21 years 10 months) from our practice on whom 78 separate surgeries were performed, we found a lower success rate than those generally reported in studies that combine male and female patients. We suspect, therefore, that for reasons as yet unclear, women may also respond less well than men to operative fasciotomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative immunogenicity of plasma and recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccines in homosexual men.

A randomized, double-blind clinical trial of plasma-derived and DNA recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccines was conducted in 186 homosexual men. Nine months after the immunization series (three doses) began, the seroconversion rate in the plasma vaccine group was 88% (68/77); this was significantly higher than the 74% (60/81) response rate of the recombinant vaccine group. Men positive for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) had a considerably higher nonresponse rate to either vaccine than expected in non-HIV-infected homosexual men. The odds ratios of nonresponse to hepatitis B virus vaccine for HIV-seropositive vs HIV-seronegative subjects were 12.0 (95% confidence interval, 1.7 to 89.3) and 13.6 (95% confidence interval, 2.3 to 148.3) for the plasma and DNA recombinant vaccines, respectively.

Adult↗