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Biomedical subjects

R Soler

Publications and source records attributed to R Soler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Benign regenerative nodules with copper accumulation in a case of chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome: CT and MR findings.

Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare disease characterized by hepatic outflow obstruction due to different causes. Hepatic nodules in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome are rare and can be due to hepatocellular carcinoma and benign regenerative nodules. Imaging descriptions of regenerative nodules in cirrhotic livers are numerous, but the imaging findings of benign regenerative nodules associated with Budd-Chiari syndrome have only recently been reported. We present the computed tomographic and magnetic resonance features of benign regenerative hepatic nodules with copper accumulation in a patient with chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR findings in hereditary spherocytosis.

The magnetic resonance findings of intrathoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis associated with bone marrow reconversion, and reticuloendothelial hemosiderosis in a 50-years-old are reported. Radiologic finding of extramedullary hematopoiesis was the first step to the diagnosis of previously unknown hereditary spherocytosis.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MRI of pseudocoarctation of the aorta: morphological and cine-MRI findings.

We report a case of pseudocoarctation of the thoracic aorta diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Morphological spin-echo findings and cine-MRI performed by gradient-echo multiphase images are reported. No other more invasive examinations were needed to establish the diagnosis of pseudocoarctation and to differentiate from other aortic abnormalities.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Value of MR findings in predicting the nature of the soft tissue lesions: benign, malignant or undetermined lesion?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of each MRI findings in differentiating the nature of soft tissue lesions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We performed a blind retrospective review of MR imaging in 65 consecutive soft-tissue lesions (cystic lesions in or around the joints, and the soft tissue abnormalities directly related to a known trauma were excluded). Morphology and signal intensity characteristics were analyzed. Each lesion was considered as benign tumor malignant tumor, benign but locally aggressive lesion, and undetermined. The final diagnosis was established pathologically (n = 45), and by the association of other imaging studies, clinical findings and follow-up over 2 yr (n = 20). RESULTS: Involvement of one compartment was equal in malignant (57.1%) and benign (56.2%) tumors, whereas multicompartmental involvement was most common in non-tumoral lesions (39.1%) (P < 0.05). Well-defined margins were most frequent in benign tumors (189.2%) (P < 0.05). The change from homogeneous to heterogeneous pattern on T1- and T2-weighted sequences as a predictor of malignancy showed a sensitivity of 77.7% and a specificity of 20%. Based on the MRI findings a diagnosis of benign lesion was established with a sensitivity of 60.7% and a specificity of 77.7%; malignant tumor with a sensitivity of 78.5% and a specificity of 96% and benign locally aggressive lesions with 54.5% and 88.1%, respectively. With the addition of the clinical data, an etiologic diagnosis was performed in 78.5% benign tumors, in 85.7% malignant tumors, and in 95.6% benign non-tumoral lesions. Undetermined lesion was diagnosed in eight masses. CONCLUSION: Soft tissue lesions can be diagnosed with certainty in many benign tumors based on the integrated evaluation of morphology and signal intensity MR findings. The association of MR and clinical data allowed us to identify benign but locally aggressive lesions, mostly related to infection. MR findings are highly specific for malignant tumor, although a histologic diagnosis cannot be performed based only on image analysis. When a mass is undetermined and no criteria for benignity or malignancy can be established, pathologic analysis should be always performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR findings of macrodystrophia lipomatosa.

Macrodystrophia lipomatosa is a congenital form of localized gigantism characterized by an overgrowth of all mesenchymal elements with a disproportionate increase of adipose tissue. We describe a patient with macrodystrophia lipomatosa affecting the foot who exhibited characteristic MR findings that distinguish the lesion from other conditions associated with localized gigantism.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Topological approach to drug design.

In this paper we demonstrated that by an adequate combination of different topological indices it is possible to select and design new active compounds in different therapeutical scopes, with a very high efficiency level. Particularly successful in the search of new "lead drugs", the results show the surprising ability of the topological methods to describe molecular structures.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Left ventricular mass in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: assessment by three-dimensional and geometric MR methods.

PURPOSE: The goals of this work were to evaluate the practical utility of MRI to quantify myocardial mass in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), define the differences in myocardial mass measurements obtained with three-dimensional and geometric MR methods in patients with normal left ventricular morphology and in patients with wall thickening, and establish the correlation between the two MR methods and the geometric echocardiographic method (GEM). METHOD: The same protocol was followed to conduct prospective MR examinations on 72 patients. In 60 of the subjects suspected to have HCM, imaging was performed to confirm or rule out the preliminary clinical diagnosis; the other 12 were healthy volunteers. Multislice SE, single slice multiphase, and multislice multiphase GRE sequences were performed in all cases. Left ventricle mass was calculated using formulas that assume an ellipsoid geometry for the left ventricle (geometric method), and the results were compared with the mass found using the three-dimensional method and subsequent application of Simpson rule. Tests were run to evaluate intraobserver variability in the MR data obtained with the three-dimensional method. The measurements obtained with the two MR methods were compared with the results obtained with GEM. RESULTS: Although the mean left myocardial mass values obtained using the three-dimensional MR method were smaller than the mean values found with the geometric MR method in all patients, the difference was significant only in patients with HCM. The correlation between the geometric MR method and GEM was very good both in patients with HCM and in those with normal wall thickening. The correlation between the three-dimensional MR method and GEM was good in patients whose left ventricle morphology was normal and poor in patients with HCM. Intraobserver agreement for three-dimensional mass values was excellent. CONCLUSION: MR examinations should be a standard technique for calculating myocardial ventricular mass. In patients with normal ventricle wall thickness, the geometric method can be used to calculate myocardial mass because it is less time consuming. However, in patients with abnormal morphology of the left ventricle and/or asymmetric wall thickening such as found in HCM, in whom the geometric method overestimates myocardial mass, measurements should be made using the three-dimensional method.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MRI of musculoskeletal extraspinal tuberculosis.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the MR findings in extraspinal musculoskeletal tuberculosis (EMT). METHOD: A retrospective review was conducted of the MR findings of 18 patients with microbiologically and/or pathologically proven EMT. All MR studies were performed using T1-and T2-weighted spin echo sequences. T1-weighted spin echo sequences after Gd-DTPA injection were obtained for 12 patients. The MR images were evaluated for abnormalities in joints, bones, and soft tissues, and the results were grouped by anatomic localization, frequency distribution of structures affected, and morphologic patterns of involvement. RESULTS: Isolated soft tissue tuberculosis was found in 10 (55.5%) patients and involvement of more than one structure in 8 (44.4%). Pyomyositis (n = 6) and arthritis with involvement of adjacent soft tissues (n = 7) were the most common forms of presentation. One patient presented with isolated fascial superficial tissue involvement in one leg. Isolated pyomyositis involving one (n = 3) or two (n = 3) muscles was homogeneous in six cases and showed intermediate (n = 6), low (n = 2), or high (n = 1) signal intensity on T1-weighted images and a high and very hyperintense signal on T2-weighted images. The tenosynovitis synovial fluid was homogeneous (n = 1) or heterogeneous with multiple tiny hypointense nodules (n = 1) on T2-weighted images. The subdeltoid bursitis fluid was characterized by homogeneous low signal intensity with a hyperintense rim (n = 2) on T1-weighted images and homogeneous (n = 1) or heterogeneous hyperintense signals with areas of low signal intensity (n = 1) on T2-weighted images. In tuberculous arthritis, the synovial joint fluid (n = 7) showed heterogeneous (n = 4) or homogeneous (n = 3) low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high or very high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Where involved, the adjacent muscle(s) (n = 8) were usually hypointense on T1-weighted images and very hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Associated cellulitis was found in arthritis with involvement of neighboring soft tissues (n = 5), pyomyositis (n = 2), and tenosynovitis (n = 1). The images obtained after Gd-DTPA showed peripheral (n = 10) or heterogeneous (n = 1) enhancement or no enhancement (n = 1). CONCLUSION: The MR findings for EMT are variable. Although diagnosis is dependent largely on prior presumption and clinical context, MRI provides valuable guidelines in defining the extent of the lesions to select the appropriate treatment and for follow-up of abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT and MR findings in a calcified myocardial tuberculoma of the left ventricle.

Tuberculosis can involve a multitude of organ tissues but generally affects the respiratory tract. Heart tuberculosis is rare, and the pericardium is the most common location reported in the literature, accounting for 0.5% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Isolated myocardial tuberculosis is a very unusual occurrence, with only a few case reports in the literature, usually diagnosed at necropsy. Findings of myocardial tuberculoma on cross-sectional images previously have not been reported. We present computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of an isolated calcified myocardial tuberculoma.

Calcinosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epileptic seizures as the first sign of fibrous bone dysplasia].

INTRODUCTION: Fibrous bone dysplasia is an unusual disorder of the maturation of bone, seen as hyperostosis of the craniofacial bones and the diaphyses of long bones. Monostotic and polyostotic forms occur, depending on whether one or more bones are affected. The diagnosis is radiological (cranial CT or MR) or on morbid anatomy. The etiopathogenesis is not known. The association of epilepsy and monostotic fibrous bone dysplasia is rare. We present a case of monostotic fibrous bone dysplasia which presented with epileptic seizures. CLINICAL CASE: A 28 year-old-woman had had undiagnosed epilepsy for 12 years. Neurological examination was normal and EEG findings non-specific. Cranial CT and MR suggested fibrous bone dysplasia. Since there was bilateral reduction of the visual fields, due to compression of both optic nerves, the affected bones were removed surgically. Anatomopathological study confirmed the diagnosis of fibrous bone dysplasia. CONCLUSIONS: The association between epilepsy and monostotic fibrous bone dysplasia is unusual. Epilepsy may be an initial symptom in asymptomatic fibrous bone dysplasia. The mechanism for the production of epileptic seizures may not be related to compression phenomena or local ischemia, but be secondary to alteration in the mechanism of cAMP as the second messenger of the cerebral cortex. Patients with fibrous bone dysplasia should undergo neurological examination to rule out local compression with minimal clinical findings.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spanish family with Machado-Joseph disease: neurophysiological features and neuropathy study.

OBJECTIVES: We have carried out electrophysiological studies and sural nerve biopsy evaluation in a Spanish family with genetically proven Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) phenotype III. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two symptomatic and other two asymptomatic members of the family were clinically examined. Electrophysiological evaluation included multimodal evoked potentials, quantitative electromyography and nerve conduction studies, and central motor conduction time. We also report neuropathological findings in the sural nerve biopsy in the proband. RESULTS: Analysis of the SCA3/MJD CAG trinucleotide repeat at the ataxin 3 gene in the DNA of the proband and one of his daughters demonstrated an expanded allele of 63 CAG repeat units. Ataxic pursuit was primary disturbed in MJD, followed by gaze evoked nystagmus, hypermetric saccades and glissades. Limitation of vertical and horizontal gaze, impaired sinusoidal vestibulo-ocular reflex and vestibulo-ocular reflex-fixation-suppression, and active and passive optokinetic nistagmus loss appeared at later stages. Evoked potential studies showed multimodal abnormalities. Electrophysiological and sural nerve biopsy findings correspond well to a pattern of both anterior horn and root ganglion cell distal dominant degeneration. Central motor conduction time was normal in our patients up to advanced stages of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Electrophysiological and neuropathological studies suggested widespread peripheral and central affection in MJD. Repeated application of electrophysiological techniques may prove useful for monitoring disease progress.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mucous melanoma of the nasal fossa. Report of 3 cases].

The mucous melanoma is a rare affection with has a very poor prognosis by its difficult diagnosis and unsatisfactory treatment. We have three patients with mucous melanoma nasal, which has been studied (clinic evolution, diagnosis and treatment) in our Hospital.

Adult↗