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Biomedical subjects

R Soler

Publications and source records attributed to R Soler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Grading of subcutaneous soft tissue tumors by means of their relationship with the superficial fascia on MR imaging.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic value of the relationship between subcutaneous tumors and the superficial fascia in the characterization of soft-tissue masses. DESIGN: MR studies of 64 soft tissue masses located in the subcutaneous space were reviewed. We established five grades of relationship between tumors and superficial fascia and analyzed the probability of the lesions in each group being malignant. Group 1 tumors did not contact the fascia; group 2 lesions contacted it slightly, with acute angles between the tumor and the fascia; group 3 lesions had wider contact with larger acute or right angles; group 4 tumors had even wider contact with obtuse angles with the fascia; and group 5 was composed of lesions that crossed the superficial fascia. RESULTS: The probability of a subcutaneous lesion that crosses the superficial fascia being malignant was 6.88 times greater than for lesions that did not cross the fascia. For lesions forming obtuse angles with the fascia the probability of malignancy was 6.3 times greater than that of tumors that did not present this sign. All histologically verified fascial infiltrations occurred in malignant lesions of groups 4 and 5. CONCLUSIONS: Malignant tumors of the subcutaneous compartment have a higher tendency to develop a close relationship with the fascia than benign lesions. Obtuse angles between superficial fascia and a subcutaneous mass or a lesion crossing the fascia strongly suggest malignancy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1998

Magnetic resonance imaging of congenital abnormalities of the thoracic aorta.

This article outlines the ability of MR imaging in the detection and presurgical evaluation of congenital abnormalities of the thoracic aorta (CATA). Congenital abnormalities of the thoracic aorta may be found incidentally on chest radiographs in patients without symptoms, or it can be associated with clinical findings which are very variable depending on the association with congenital cardiac malformations or vascular ring. When CATA is suspected as the cause of anomalies in the mediastinum in asymptomatic patients, confirmation of the abnormality should be by MR imaging allowing precise evaluation of the thoracic aorta and origin of the principal arteries. When CATA is considered because clinical findings indicate coarctation of the aorta, vascular ring or associated cardiac disorder, evaluation with ultrasound can be complemented by MR, which in most cases will replace the diagnostic catheterization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Fibrosing mediastinitis: CT and MR findings.

The aim of this study is to present the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) findings in three cases of fibrosing mediastinitis, probably secondary to tuberculosis. Two patients had diffuse involvement of the mediastinum and one patient presented with a posterior mediastinal mass. On CT, the patients with diffuse involvement showed infiltrating soft-tissue masses with multiple foci of dense calcifications. One of these lesions enhanced mildly with contrast and one did not enhance. On MR examination, diffuse masses were of heterogeneous, intermediate and low signal on T1-weighted images (n = 2) and were of homogeneous low signal (n = 1) or heterogeneous (n = 1) signal intensity on T2-weighted images. After administration of Gd-DTPA, these mediastinal masses showed heterogeneous enhancement. The posterior mediastinal mass showed homogeneous pronounced enhancement on CT and was homogeneous with intermediate T1 signal intensity and hypointense T2 signal intensity. The CT findings of an infiltrative or well-defined mediastinal mass with scattered calcifications should suggest the diagnosis of fibrosing mediastinitis in the appropriate clinical setting. Although the appearance of calcification on MR are not specific, this technique provides further information than CT especially in those cases in which the lesions appear noncalcified, because MR imaging revealed areas of low signal intensity characteristic of fibrous tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Elastofibroma dorsi: MR and CT findings.

Elastofibroma dorsi is a benign, pseudotumoral soft tissue lesion of the periscapular area. The characteristical findings in magnetic resonance images and computed tomography usually allow the diagnosis and prevent radical surgery. We report the MR and CT findings of elastofibroma dorsi in four women presenting as an elongated soft tissue mass intermingled with fat, between the ribs and the serratus muscle, deep to the inferior angle of the scapula.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Hypnic headache syndrome: a case with good response to indomethacin.

Hypnic headache syndrome is a rare benign disorder which occurs in the elderly. It presents as a holocephalic or, less frequently, hemicranial headache during night sleep, lasting between 20 and 180 min; it is not associated with autonomic signs and responds well to lithium carbonate. We report a new case which responded well to indomethacin, and suggest that indomethacin may be used as an alternative treatment in this rare headache syndrome of the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

MR of laryngeal and scrotal involvement in multiple symmetrical lipomatosis.

Multiple symmetrical lipomatosis is a rare disorder characterized by progressive anomalous deposition of fat typically located in the neck and shoulders. Magnetic resonance imaging allows exact definition of the abnormal fatty tissue and the involvement of deep structures. We describe the MR findings in two patients with the typical fat deposition in the neck and upper thorax which also presented unusual location of abnormal fat. One patient had laryngeal involvement with fatty infiltration of true and false cords. The other patient had inguinal and scrotal large deposition of fat.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Thyroid hormones correlate with symptoms of hyperactivity but not inattention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The diagnostic validity of dividing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into two distinct subgroups, one with and one without hyperactivity, is controversial since there have been no physiological differences demonstrated between these two subgroups. In this study, the relationship between thyroid hormones and symptoms of hyperactivity was examined in subjects with resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) and their unaffected family members. Clinical data were collected on 152 subjects; 75 subjects with RTH and 77 family members without RTH. Each subject was assessed using DSM-III-R criterion based, structured psychiatric interviews, and Total T3 (TT3), Total T4 (TT4) and TSH concentrations were measured. The total number of ADHD symptoms were assigned to either inattention or hyperactivity subgroups using DSM-III-R criteria. The total number of ADHD symptoms were then reassigned to inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity subgroups using DSM-IV criteria. Pearson R correlation coefficients were calculated separately for the RTH and unaffected family members groups in order to determine the relationships between TSH, TT3 and TT4 concentrations, and the DSM-III-R and DSM-IV symptom categories of ADHD in both groups. TSH concentrations were not significantly correlated with any of the symptom categories in either group. However, in the RTH group, both TT3 and TT4 concentrations were significantly and positively correlated with total symptoms of ADHD (DSM-III-R) as well as symptoms of inattention (DSM-III-R) and symptoms of hyperactivity (DSM-III-R). When DSM-IV criteria were used, which reassigns symptoms of impulsivity from the inattention to the hyperactivity category, only the positive correlation between TT3 and TT4 concentrations and symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity (DSM-IV) remained significant. In the group of unaffected family members, the relationship between TT3 concentrations and symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity (DSM-IV) was the only significant correlation. The data support the hypothesis that thyroid hormones may provide a physiological basis for the dichotomy between symptoms of inattention and symptoms of hyperactivity, particularly when DSM-IV criteria are applied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Magnetic resonance imaging of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

To assess the capability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to define the presence, degree, and distribution of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in patients of European descent, MRI examination was prospectively performed in patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy on two-dimensional echocardiography. Twenty-five patients with hypertrophy located exclusively at the cardiac apex were the object of this study. Spin echo and gradient echo sequences were performed to evaluate the morphology, motility, and myocardial thickness of the left ventricle in diastole. In a short-axis gradient echo sequences from base to apex, septal, lateral, anterior, and posterior segments at the basal and apical levels were measured. A four-chamber view and horizontal long-axis images of the left ventricle were performed to measure the true apex. A concentric, symmetric distribution of hypertrophic myocardium was considered when the thickness was 1.5 cm or greater, with the four segments being affected to a similar degree. Asymmetric hypertrophy was considered when the wall thickness ratio was more than 1.3. Myocardial thicknesses at the apical level were 2.03 +/- 0.60 cm (mean +/- standard deviation) at the true apex; the septal thickness was 1.19 +/- 0.46 cm; lateral, 1.62 +/- 0.71 cm; anterior, 1.36 +/- 0.57 cm; and posterior, 1.28 +/- 0.53 cm. Based on the MRI findings, the distribution of apical hypertrophy was classified as symmetric (n = 2), asymmetric (n = 18), and true apex (n = 5). A spadelike configuration of the left ventricle was observed in only five cases. MRI demonstrates that in Western patients the morphologic spectrum of apical hypertrophy cardiomyopathy is quite wide and includes myocardial hypertrophy exclusively localized at the true apex.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Continuous positive airway pressure is effective in treating upper airway oedema.

The case of a patient with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and upper airway oedema, is described. The patient presented with alveolar hypoventilation and obstructive apnoeas during sleep. Intravenous steroids (methylprednisolone, 160 mg.day-1) for 5 days did not reduce the oedema. However, it was rapidly reversed by the use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). In addition, daytime pulmonary gas exchange was improved and sleep apnoea abolished. This beneficial effect made tracheostomy unnecessary. This case report suggests that CPAP can be a potentially useful therapeutic alternative to tracheostomy in the clinical management of upper airway oedema.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

MR imaging in inferior vena cava thrombosis.

PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of MR imaging in inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis; to differentiate acute from non-acute thrombus, and to identify the presence of changes in the morphology and signal intensity during medical treatment. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Seventeen patients with suspected IVC thrombosis underwent 30 MR examinations. The IVC thromboses were subdivided into two groups (acute and non-acute) according to onset of clinical symptoms. MR imaging of the IVC was analyzed and when an IVC thrombus was identified, a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the thrombus on spin-echo sequences with magnitude and phase reconstruction was performed to evaluate the relationship between signal intensity and the time elapse since the onset of clinical symptoms. Venography and/or CT scan proof was available in all cases. RESULTS: IVC thrombus was correctly identified in 19 MR examinations which showed the size, localization and the degree of lysis during follow-up. No differences were found in the signal intensity of the thrombus related to time. The pattern of the signal intensity was homogeneous in six (86%) acute thrombus and heterogeneous in nine (75%) thrombus of more than 1 week duration. A significant statistical relationship (P < 0.01) existed between the thrombus age and differences in the pattern of signal intensity. CONCLUSIONS: MR imaging is accurate to assess the localization and size of IVC thrombus, similar to the imaging techniques of reference. In addition, MR also provides useful information about the age and the morphological variations of thrombus during medical treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Musculoskeletal amyloid disease: MRI features.

A case of arthropathy and soft tissue masses due to amyloid deposition in a patient with myeloma is reported. The radiologic and magnetic resonance findings of musculoskeletal amyloidosis are described. The amyloid masses show heterogeneous signal intensity, with a signal lower than muscle and intermingled areas of marked hyperintensity on T2-weighted images.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1995

Multiple bile duct hamartomas: US, CT, and MR findings. A case report.

We report ultrasound, CT and MR findings in a patient with multiple bile duct hamartomas (BDH) which were associated with disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis, a coincidence not previously reported. At MR imaging, the multiple hepatic nodules of BDH were hypointense in T1-weighted images and moderately hyperintense in T2-weighted images, which is in agreement with the findings in the 2 previously reported cases examined with this modality.

Bile Duct Diseases↗