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Biomedical subjects

R Singh

Publications and source records attributed to R Singh.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A study of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy in hepatic coma complicating acute viral hepatitis.

Thirty cases of viral hepatitis with and without coma and 15 normal healthy age and sex matched controls were studied for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). Cases of viral hepatitis with coma showed strong evidence of DIC in the form of increased plasma FDP (240 +/- 190.64 dilution), diminished fibrinogen half life (48.1 +/- 15.3 hours) and increased fractional catabolic rate (46.13 +/- 14.7% per day) with normal Euglobulin clot lysis time and reduced fibrinogen (147.33 +/- 43.5%) and platelet count (1.27 +/- 0.324 lakhs/cm.). The possible role of heparin in the reversal of coagulation abnormalities have been discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Immunofluorescence test for the epidemiological monitoring of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis cases.

An epidemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) occurred in and around Chandigarh, north India, during June, July and August 1981. Considering the difficulty of virus isolation, the indirect immunofluorescence test was used for the demonstration of virus-specific antigen in the cytoplasm of exfoliated conjunctival cells, using reference antisera. The epidemic appeared to be primarily due to enterovirus type 70. The method was found suitable for the rapid diagnosis of AHC cases and for detecting subclinical infection among healthy subjects and convalescent carriers. During follow-up, it was observed that some of the AHC cases were shedding virus-infected conjunctival cells for a prolonged period, even after clinical recovery and during convalescence, before they became free from virus. In the absence of virus isolation, this method can be considered as suitable for the epidemiological monitoring of AHC.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Six years mortality statistics in a Libyan paediatric hospital.

During the six year period from 1975 to 1980, at Al-Fatch Paediatric Hospital 35,488 sick children under 12 years of age were admitted for inpatient treatment; 3 009 had a fatal outcome. The mortality rate per 1000 admissions and discharges respectively, was 54.9 and 52.1 in 1975; and 135.6 and 119.4 in 1980. The age specific mortality rate per thousand discharges was 219.4 for infants, 32.8 for 1 to 4 years, 21.7 for 5 to 9 years, 25.7 for 10 to 12 years of age. Although the overall mortality rate was almost equal for boys and girls, it was higher for boys below 1 year or over 10 years, and higher for girls between 1 to 9 years of age. The proportion of deaths and admissions was more during winter the season from September to January and during the summer season from May to July. More than 80% of those who recovered were admitted with acute respiratory infection, gastroenteritis, meningitis, diseases of urinary system, acute poisoning and symptoms or ill-defined conditions; whereas, more than 70% of expired cases were admitted with prematurity, gastroenteritis, septicaemia, acute respiratory diseases and congenital malformations. The case fatality in 1980 was 84.5% for septicaemia, 55.5% for prematurity, 41.7% for congenital malformations, 18.9% for malnutrition and 16.1% for diseases of nervous system.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Variations in clinical and histopathological classification of leprosy--a report and a plausible explanation.

Biopsies of macular hypopigmented lesions, in twenty one untreated cases, representing the whole spectrum of leprosy, revealed a high incidence of disagreement between clinical and histopathological classification. It was not observed in macular tuberculoid and indeterminate cases but was seen in borderline and lepromatous leprosy, with highest incidence in borderline leprosy. This has been explained on the basis of complex nervous system with a mosaic of anatomical and physiological subunits, modulating different types of responses including inflammation, through release of peptides and/or enzymes at the nerve endings in the peripheral tissues including skin.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Lactate dehydrogenase activity in ocular tumors.

Estimates of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in aqueous and serum was carried out on 15 cases of benign ocular tumor, 15 cases of malignant tumor, and 15 normal cases. LDH levels were high in serum and aqueous of cases with malignant tumor as compared to benign tumor and control cases. Total LDH activity in serum and aqueous was grossly elevated in malignant tumor cases (specially retinoblastoma).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Hypopigmentation in leprosy.

Hypopigmentation of macular leprosy lesions was not found to correlate with cellular infiltrate and AFB load in tissues. It is felt that hypopigmentation is in some way related to neural involvement.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

A study of clinico-histologic correlation in lesions of borderline leprosy with multiple skin biopsies from different sites.

20 active untreated cases of borderline leprosy were subdivided on clinical, bacteriological and immunological grounds. None had reactional episodes. Multiple skin biopsies from each one of them showed varied histopathology from different lesions. 84 out of 93 biopsies (90.3%) were found not to be in agreement with the clinical diagnosis. Even the multiple biopsies obtained from single large lesion revealed varied histopathological picture. The reason for the histopathological disparity has been postulated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Age-related changes in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in the subcellular fractions from the rat brain and the effect of dimethylaminoethanol.

The activity of pentose phosphate pathway enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) was measured in the cytosol and the particulate fractions (mitochondrial-synaptosomal and microsomal) from the cerebrum and the cerebellum of the rats aged 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The results showed that the two enzymes occurred both in cytosol and particulate fractions. Both the enzymes were higher in the particulate fractions from cerebellum than in the same fractions from cerebrum. In both regions of the brain, particulate fraction enzymes showed an age-related decline in their activity, but the cytosol fraction enzymes remained unchanged in all the age groups. Dimethylaminoethanol, an important molecular constituent of some antiageing drugs, increased the activity of these enzymes in a dose dependent manner only in the particulate fractions.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Mechanism of action of antitumor 3-(2-haloethyl) aryltriazenes on deoxyribonucleic acid.

A series of novel 3-(2-haloethyl)aryltriazenes, many of which exhibit marked antileukemic activity in animal test neoplasms, react readily with DNA under physiological conditions. With regard to a single strand scission (SSS), in contrast to the related 2-haloethynitrosoureas which exhibit both Type I and Type II SSS (single strand scission) of DNA, the triazenes appear to react via Type II SSS of DNA by base alkylation followed by depurination or depyrimidination and subsequent hydrolysis of the apurinic site. The latter reaction was confirmed using apurinic site-specific endonuclease VI. A 3-(2-chloroethyl)aryltriazene readily degraded poly A by phosphate alkylation at a rate much faster than given by comparable nitrosoureas. Overall, the triazenes showed a preference for reaction at the more acidic phosphate sites in the DNA owing to their unique acid-promoted decomposition. This may, in part, account for the lack of detection of DNA interstrand cross-links and indicates a fundamentally different mechanism of action of the 3-(2-haloethyl)triazenes from the 2-haloethylnitrosoureas.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1982

Effect of a single oral dose of endosulfan on intestinal uptake of nutrients and on brush-border enzymes in rats.

The effect of a single oral dose of endosulfan (5 mg/kg body weight) on the uptake of certain nutrients and brush-border enzymes has been studied in rat intestine. The uptake of glucose and alanine was elevated but that of leucine was decreased in endosulfan-fed rats. There was no change in the uptake of phenylalanine and lysine in insecticide-fed rats. The activities of brush-border sucrase and alkaline phosphatase were considerably increased while the activity of Na+ K+ ATPase was reduced in endosulfan-exposed animals. The leucine aminopeptidase activity was unaffected in pesticide-treated rats. There was a significant decrease in cellular LDH and GOT activities with no change in GPT activity. Neither was there a considerable increase in the cellular glucose-6-phosphatase activity (P less than 0.01) in the pesticide-fed rats. These results suggest that endosulfan toxicity induces certain functional changes in the intestine.

Administration, Oral↗