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Biomedical subjects

R Siewert

Publications and source records attributed to R Siewert.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Clinical results of esophagojejunoplication (author's transl)].

Indications, surgical technique, and clinical results in esophagojejunoplication are shown. In 46 patients the indication for total gastrectomy in 20 cases was a benign disease and in 26 cases cancer of the stomach. An essential feature of this method is the construction of a jejunal cuff, which is drawn around the anastomosis and the terminal esophagus. Particular advantage is the security of the anastomosis; we have observed only three leakages and these were without complications (6.5%). The fatality rate was 8.5%, and the total rate of complications was 26.1%. With 30 surviving patients a postoperative follow-up was carried out, the results of which are shown. Jejunoesophageal reflux occurred in only 7.9% of these patients.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1976

[Reflux esophagitis (author's transl)].

The term "Refluxdisease" consider an esophageal response (either subjective or objective) to injury caused by gastrointestinal contents. Thickening of the basal layer of the esophageal mucosa, reflux esophagitis, endobrachyesophagus, acquired short esophagus and peptic stenosis are different stages of the objective esophageal response. The diagnosis of reflux disease must take account of these findings where appropriated. The various stages of reflux disease can only by recognized and adequately treated following an exact diagnosis that takes into account as may parameters as possible. For this reason fundoplication, which is at present the most effective procedure, should only be performed when the indications are particularly strong.

Esophageal Stenosis↗
PubMed1976

Experimental hypergastrinaemia in the dog.

In order to investigate chronic hypergastrinaemia in dogs, studies with various excluded antrum preparations were performed. Gastric secretion was collected from denervated fundic pouches and gastrin levels were measured pre- and postoperatively by radioimmunoassay. In some samples the gastrins were separated according to their molecular size. Distinct hypergastrinaemia and acid hypersecretion developed in dogs where the antrum was excluded by a mucosal septum. Gastrin levels rose to 349 +/- 64 pg/ml (normal 76 +/- 19 pg/ml). Analysis of the gastrin pattern showed a predominance of smaller gastrin components. Although there was marked hypersecretion in most of the dogs with hypergastrinaemia, no close correlation was evident between these parameters. Some of the dogs with hypergastrinaemia developed anastomotic ulcers.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The effect of intravenous infusion of synthetic human gastrin-I on lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure in the dog and its relation to gastrin level.

To demonstrate the relation between gastrin level and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, experiments with intravenous infusions of synthetic human gastrin-I (SHG-I) were performed in anaesthetized dogs. The results show that infusions with 5 mug-kg-1-h-1 SHG-I have an initially increasing effect on LES pressure but produce unphysiologically high gastrin blood levels. Physiological levels of gastrin were measured only using an infusion dose of 0.5 mug-kg-1-h-1, which was below the threshold for increasing LES pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Motilin effects on gastrointestinal motility and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure in dogs.

Natural porcine motilin induces phasic contractions of the lower esophageal sphincter in dogs. These contractions are related to gastric contractions, which have the characteristics of interdigestive-motility patterns. Duodenal alkalinization produces an insignificant LES pressure increase after 5 minutes. No effect of motilin was observed when using isolated canine muscle strips.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Gastrointestinal hormones and lower esophageal sphincter].

In the gastroesophageal closing mechanism there is a digestive sphincter which as yet has only been identified by its function. This sphincter is subject to the action of gastrointestinal hormones; all hormones, except gastrin and possibly motilin have a relaxing effect. This action sets in only following administration of relatively large doses and thus corresponds to pharmacological effects. The physiological effect of gastrin long under discussion could not be proved in these tests - at least not for antral G 17. Whether or to what extent other hormones - perhaps Big gastrin - have an effect on the control of the lower esophageal sphincter under normal conditions remains yet to be determined.

Cerulenin↗
PubMed1975

The motor-stimulating effect of natural motilin on the lower esophageal sphincter fundus, antrum and duodenum in dogs.

Natural motilin was investigated for its effect on gastrointestinal motor activity in anesthetized dogs. In doses starting from 10 ng/kg as single injection and 100 ng/kg-h as intravenous infusion, motilin induced phasic pressure changes in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and in the lumen of the fundus, antrum, and duodenum. Tachyphylaxis was seen in 6 out of 10 dogs. Motilin had no effect on isolated muscle strip preparations of the LES, fundus, antrum, and duodenum in this species.

Animals↗