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Biomedical subjects

R Short

Publications and source records attributed to R Short.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Behavior and physiology in young bonnet monkeys.

We studied behavioral development in 12 mother-reared social-group-living bonnet macaque (M. radiata monkey infants during the first four months of life. Physiological data was subsequently recorded from a subset of six using implantable biotelemetry. We compared these data to similar data previously collected in the same manner from similar age social group living pigtail macaque (M. nemestrina) infants. Bonnet infants were more active and apart from mother more throughout development. While in physical contact with mother, however, they were more likely to be enclosed if they were bonnets, but only in proximity or passively supported if they were pigtails. Bonnets also had more social contact with other adults. Mean day and night heart rate and body temperature, heart rate and body temperature circadian rhythms, and most nocturnal sleep variables were virtually identical in bonnets and pigtail infants. These findings suggest that developmental differences in social behavior in two closely related species of macaque monkey need not be accompanied by differences in physiological patterning.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Oral administration of cyclosporin A for recipients of allogeneic marrow transplants: implications of clinical gut dysfunction.

Cyclosporin A (CyA) was used to minimize graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in 28 recipients of allogeneic marrow transplants. When given orally, the absorption of CyA was markedly dependent on normal gut function. Patients without gut dysfunction showed normal serum concentration-time curves while those with diarrhoea from any cause (chemo-radiation enteritis, acute GVHD of the gut, infectious enteritis) showed minimal absorption of the drug. These data indicate the desirability of the intravenous administration of CyA during periods of gut dysfunction in marrow transplant recipients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

A biobehavioral-biotelemetry system.

A multiple computer system and implantable biotelemetry permit on-line monitoring of physiological data while observational data is collected on social group living unrestrained monkey infants in studies of the physiological correlates of behavior. Experimental data may be collected for up to 40 days on each experimental animal, with statistical data presented as the experiment progresses. Data are used to describe normal baseline and various experimentally induced changes in biological and behavioral variables.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Physiological correlates of maternal separation in surrogate-reared infants: a study in altered attachment bonds.

Three pigtail infant monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) were separated from their mothers shortly after birth and raised in social isolation on cloth surrogates. At about 24 weeks of age they were surgically implanted with multichannel biotelemetry systems. Following the collection of baseline behavioral and physiological data, the cloth surrogates were removed for 4 days, then returned. The behavioral and physiological (heart rate, body temperature, sleep patterns) reaction to separation from the surrogate was much less intense than is the case in group-living pigtail infants that are separated from their mothers, suggesting that the attachment bond to a cloth surrogate may be different than the bond to a living mother in a social group. Heart rate mean values and variability were similar in surrogate-reared and mother-reared infants, suggesting a degree of environmental independence in heart rate regulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Heart rate and body temperature in separated monkey infants.

Heart rate (HR) and body temperature (BT) were recorded from ten unrestrained group-living M. nemestrina (pigtail) monkey infants, using totally implantable multichannel biotelemetry systems, during a 4-day base line (preseparation) period, during the agitation-depression reaction accompanying 4 days of maternal separation, and for several days following reunion with the mother. Quantified behavioral data were collected in nine of the ten infants. Mean daytime (1000 to 1600 hr) and nightime (2200 to 0400 hr) HR and BT values were computed for each infant, and for the group as a whole. The behavioral agitation reaction immediately following separation was accompanied by increases in both HR and BT. Beginning with the first night of separation, both HR and BT showed marked decreases from base line. Whereas group mean HR and BT changes were maximal early in the separation, behavioral indices of depression tended to be maximal later in the separation period. Reunion with the mother tended to normalize HR and BT in most infants. Two infants exhibited sudden transient reversible drops in nocturnal BT well into the separation period, suggesting an impairment in thermoregulatory mechanisms during the period of depressive behavior. One infant had a prolonged separation-induced decrease in HR that persisted throughout reunion, indicating that the stress of maternal separation may induce physiological changes that considerably exceed the duration of the effective stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Nocturnal sleep in isolation-reared monkeys: evidence for enviromental independence.

Thirteen all-night recordings were obtained from 3 infant pigtailed (Macaca nemestrina) monkeys raised on a cloth surrogate mother and under conditions of social isolation. Totally implantable biotelemetry systems were used to record the sleep physiology from the unrestrained animals. Sleep stages and night-to-night variability were virtually identical to values previously found in 8 mother-reared group-living infants. Sustained alterations in the early rearing enviroment, even though considerably modifying the organism's development, did not appear to result in differences in sleep organization.

Animals↗