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Biomedical subjects

R Sheth

Publications and source records attributed to R Sheth.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The epithelial cell response to rotavirus infection.

Rotavirus is the most important worldwide cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children. Intestinal epithelial cells are the principal targets of rotavirus infection, but the response of enterocytes to rotavirus infection is largely unknown. We determined that rotavirus infection of HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells results in prompt activation of NF-kappaB (<2 h), STAT1, and ISG F3 (3 h). Genetically inactivated rotavirus and virus-like particles assembled from baculovirus-expressed viral proteins also activated NF-kappaB. Rotavirus infection of HT-29 cells induced mRNA for several C-C and C-X-C chemokines as well as IFNs and GM-CSF. Mice infected with simian rotavirus or murine rotavirus responded similarly with the enhanced expression of a profile of C-C and C-X-C chemokines. The rotavirus-stimulated increase in chemokine mRNA was undiminished in mice lacking mast cells or lymphocytes. Rotavirus induced chemokines only in mice <15 days of age despite documented infection in older mice. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta and IFN-stimulated protein 10 mRNA responses occurred, but were reduced in p50-/- mice. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta expression during rotavirus infection localized to the intestinal epithelial cell in murine intestine. These results show that the intestinal epithelial cell is an active component of the host response to rotavirus infection.

Aging↗
PubMed1996

Rotavirus stimulates IL-8 secretion from cultured epithelial cells.

Rotavirus is the most important cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide. We have investigated cytokine responses to rotavirus infection of cultured intestinal epithelial cells. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is a chemotactic and cell-activating cytokine that is synthesized by epithelial cells and induced in response to bacterial enteric pathogens. Rotavirus inoculation increased IL-8 mRNA levels in cultured intestinal epithelial cells within 2 hr of infection. IL-8 secretion increased 10(2)- to 10(3)-fold by 8 hr postinfection. Secretion of TNF alpha or IL-1 beta, cytokines which themselves increase IL-8 secretion, was not induced by rotavirus, nor was that of TNF alpha, IFN alpha, IFN gamma, or IL-6. Neutralizing antibodies to TNF alpha or IL-1 alpha/beta did not affect the IL-8 response. Secretion of IL-8 was dependent on an intact viral capsid, as single-shell particles were inert. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (vp7-specific) that do not block cell attachment did block rotavirus stimulation of IL-8 secretion, indicating that attachment to the cell surface is not a sufficient stimulus to induce IL-8. Genetically inactivated rotavirus was also effective for IL-8 induction, indicating that viral replication was not required. These data suggest that epithelial cytokine IL-8 may be an important mediator of the host response to viral gastroenteritis pathogens such as rotavirus.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Prevalence of pervasive developmental disorder in a sample of psychiatrically hospitalized children and adolescents.

Pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) is underrecognized because of lack of awareness of the wide range of severity and differing manifestations of the disorder. A survey of psychiatrically hospitalized children and adolescents was conducted. 3.2% of the sample of boys was found to have PDD. Underappreciation of the presence of PDD characterized the patients. Family members experienced a wide array of psychiatric symptoms and showed evidence for the presence of familial Tourette syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Active contrast extravasation in spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma: a rare CT finding.

Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinomas are uncommon but constitute a critical and life threatening condition. Diagnosis is important so that either surgery or emergency arterial embolisation can be considered for hepatic haemostasis. We describe active extravasation of intravenous contrast medium on CT in a patient who presented with intraperitoneal haemorrhage secondary to spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗