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Biomedical subjects

R Schade

Publications and source records attributed to R Schade.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Beta-adrenergic modulation of the alpha 2-acute phase globulin blood level in rats.

The acute phase response can be modulated by glucocorticoids and catecholamines as well. We treated Wistar rats with either epinephrine or different selective or non-selective beta-agonists in combination with beta-antagonists. The alpha 2-acute phase globulin (alpha 2-APG) serum concentrations were examined by means of electroimmunodiffusion 24 hours after drug administration. Isoprenaline, epinephrine and the beta 2-selective clenbuterol cause a dose-dependent increase in alpha 2-APG serum concentration. The increase can be inhibited by propranolol as a non-selective beta-receptor blocking agent. beta 1-antagonist talinolol has no effect on the alpha 2-APG serum level. The dose-response curve of isoprenaline is shifted to the right and that of clenbuterol is additionally depressed after treatment with propranolol. According to the alpha 2-APG level the results indicate a beta 2-receptor mediated epinephrine action.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1989

Sexually dimorphic level of CCK-8-like immunoreactive neuronal somata within several basal forebrain nuclei of the rat.

Using indirect immunocytochemical technique CCK-8-like immunoreactive somata could be demonstrated in different basal forebrain nuclei of adult rat (olfactory tubercle, nucleus accumbens septi, nucleus tractus diagonalis BROCA, nucleus septi medialis et lateralis, caudate-putamen-complex). The comparison of these findings with those of rapid Golgi technique and AChE histochemistry suggested that all CCK-8 immunostaining nerve cells should be aspiny neurons and, partly at least, a coexistence of CCK-8 and acetylcholine is assumed. In the number of neuronal somata with CCK-8-like immunoreactivity in all nuclei, especially in the caudate-putamen-complex, a distinct difference between male and female rats exist.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Cholecystokinin-8-like immunoreactive structures in the olfactory bulb of the rat].

Using indirect immunocytochemical technique CCK-8-like immunoreactive neuronal somata and nerve fibers could be demonstrated in the olfactory tubercle of the rat. Cells found by immunostaining were compared with neuron types visible in Golgi-rapid-preparations. The existence of a CCK-containing efferent neuron type in the olfactory tubercle of the rat is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Fatal hepatic necrosis associated with parenteral gold therapy.

Two young black male patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents developed fulminant hepatic necrosis following the institution of parenteral gold therapy. These cases, reported from different institutions, may represent a severe form of idiosyncratic gold hepatonecrosis. Awareness of the possible association between gold therapy and severe hepatic injury may become increasingly important as oral gold preparations become widely available.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Reduced MHC class II antigen expression on rat heart and kidney cells after in vitro exposure to longwave ultraviolet irradiation.

The pretreatment of both kidney and heart donor with the photosensitizer 8-methoxy-psoralen followed by in vitro longwave ultraviolet graft irradiation (PUVA therapy) significantly prolonged graft survival times in rats even across a strong major histocompatibility complex (MHC) barrier. Immunohistological studies using monoclonal antibodies (Mab) to rat MHC class I and II antigens showed a significant reduction of class II antigen expression after PUVA therapy in both Sprague-Dawley rat kidneys and hearts. Using MHC class I Mab there were no differences in distribution pattern in untreated as well as in PUVA treated organs. Thus, our results represent the first in vivo evidence that photochemotherapy-induced graft survival time prolongation is closely connected with its ability to reduce MHC class II antigen expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The rat C-reactive protein--isolation and response to experimental inflammation and tissue damage.

A new isolation procedure of rat C-reactive protein (CRP) by affinity chromatography on amino-coupled phosphorylcolamine-Sepharose is described. CRP serum level of rats injured by turpentine injection or two different arthritis models was determined to test the potency of this protein as an marker of inflammation. The influence of repeated administration of carbon tetrachloride as a hepatotoxic agent was investigated in the same way. It was shown that CRP determination is a useful method to observe the course of experimental inflammations and other tissue injuries as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Modulation of rat C-reactive protein serum level by dexamethasone and adrenaline--comparison with the response of alpha 2-acute phase globulin.

The alpha-2-acute phase globulin (alpha 2-APG) of the rat is one of the best investigated acute phase proteins. Glucocorticoids as well as catecholamines could be characterized as potent modulators of alpha 2-APG concentration. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the C-reactive protein (CRP), another acute phase protein important in human medicine, is also influenced by adrenal hormones and if so whether the effects are receptor-mediated or not. Adrenaline and isoproterenol (a beta-agonist) increase the blood level of alpha 2-APG and CRP dose-dependently probably due to a mechanism involved in the sequence of an inflammatory process, too. Dexamethasone administration led to a sigmoidal dose-response curve in the case of alpha 2-APG whereas a biphasic sinusoidal-like dose-response curve was obtained for CRP. Doses around 0.01 mg/kg (2 X 10(-8) Mol/kg) increased while doses around 0.1 mg/kg (2 X 10(-7) Mol/kg) decreased the CRP serum level. By combination of the agonists (adrenaline, dexamethasone) with the respective antagonists (propranolol, a beta-blocking agent and RU 38486, a glucocorticoid antagonist) the agonist-induced changes in concentration of CRP and alpha 2-APG could be suppressed. Therefore it can be assumed that the hormone effects are receptor-mediated ones. The reactions of arthritic or inflamed rats pretreated with RU 38486 indicate a considerable influence of endogenous glucocorticoids on blood levels of acute phase proteins. Taken together, both alpha 2-APG and CRP are modulated by adrenal hormones.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Modulation of alpha 2-acute phase globulin serum concentration in turpentine- and immune complex-challenged rats by dexamethasone and adrenaline: evidence for a synergistic mode of action.

The acute phase response (APR) induced by immune complexes or turpentine and modulated by dexamethasone as well as adrenaline was investigated in intact, sham-adrenalectomized and adrenalectomized rats. The serum level of alpha 2-acute phase globulin was examined by means of electroimmunodiffusion, and the complex serum protein profile was studied using the crossed-IE. Dexamethasone administration increased the alpha 2-acute phase globulin concentration weakly over a wide dose range whereas rats dosed with adrenaline responded strongly over a small dose range. Turpentine but not immune complex challenge provoked an almost complete acute phase protein profile as well as a moderate alpha 2-acute phase globulin elevation in adrenalectomized rats. After combined administration of the prophlogistic agents and dexamethasone or adrenaline a remarkably high alpha 2-acute phase globulin level was found (up to 14 mg/ml with about 0.05 mg/ml as base level). From these results a synergistic mode of action can be suggested. With crossed-IE some of the proteins could by divided in proteins responding in a glucocorticoid-dependent (e.g. alpha 2-acute phase globulin, haptoglobin) and -independent fashion (alpha 1-acute phase globulin), respectively. It can be concluded that glucocorticoids, catecholamines as well as cytokines are the main candidates for triggering the acute phase response; however, additional factors may also be of importance.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1986

6-Sulphanilamidoindazole-induced arthritis in rats: substance effects and acute-phase reaction.

Arthritis induced by 6-sulphanilamidoindazole in older rats is not inhibited by a one-week treatment with superoxide dismutase, peroxidase or desferrioxamine. It is concluded that oxygen radicals hardly play a special part in the pathogenesis of 6-SAI arthritis. C-reactive protein and caeruloplasmin are demonstrated to be acute-phase reactants also in 6-SAI arthritis, although on the whole the acute-phase reaction is relatively weak. The steroid dexamethasone and the nonsteroid benoxaprofen caused strong antiinflammatory activity at low doses. The data presented complete the picture of 6-SAI arthritis as a special inflammatory reaction in rats.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1984

Sex-specific concentrations of plasma proteins in rats determined by sex hormones in perinatal life.

The present investigation examined the relationship between concentrations of plasma proteins in oestrogen-primed adult rats and sex hormone concentrations in neonatal life. alpha 2-acute phase globulin (alpha 2-AP) and female specific protein (FP) were found to be higher in adult females than in adult males. Androgen administration in females on the first day of life declined permanently these protein concentrations, while neonatal castration in males on the first or third day of life resulted in a permanent increase in FP concentration. Both the alpha 2-AP and FP response in adulthood to hormonal stimulation is dependent on the androgen level during a critical neonatal organization period.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Accuracy of computerized tomography in determining hepatic tumor size in patients receiving liver transplantation or resection.

Computerized tomography (CT) of liver is used in oncologic practice for staging tumors, evaluating response to treatment, and screening patients for hepatic resection. Because of the impact of CT liver scan on major treatment decisions, it is important to assess its accuracy. Patients undergoing liver transplantation or resection provide a unique opportunity to test the accuracy of hepatic-imaging techniques by comparison of findings of preoperative CT scan with those at gross pathologic examination of resected specimens. Forty-one patients who had partial hepatic resection (34 patients) or liver transplantation (eight patients) for malignant (30 patients) or benign (11 patients) tumors were evaluable. Eight (47%) of 17 patients with primary malignant liver tumors, four (31%) of 13 patients with metastatic liver tumors, and two (20%) of 10 patients with benign liver tumors had tumor nodules in resected specimens that were not apparent on preoperative CT studies. These nodules varied in size from 0.1 to 1.6 cm. While 11 of 14 of these nodules were less than 1.0 cm, three of 14 were greater than 1.0 cm. These results suggest that conventional CT alone may be insufficient to accurately determine the presence or absence of liver metastases, extent of liver involvement, or response of hepatic metastases to treatment.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1984

[Humoral immune response, concentration of selected serum proteins and transplant histology following allogeneic kidney transplantation in the rat].

After transplantation of (BD IX X Sprague-Dawley) F 1 kidneys into untreated BD IX rats (n = 29) the first signs of rejection occured on day 4. Mononuclear cells infiltrated the peritubular interstitium and/or the perivascular areas. The rise of blood urea on day 8 was histologically accompanied by injured tubules and spotted or confluent subcapsular necroses which showed extensive calcifications by day 10. At the same time donorspecific lymphocytotoxic antibodies were detected in peripheral blood. The graft survival in this strain combination ranged from 11 to 16 days. The serum levels of IgG, albumin and transferrin were reduced by 16%, 25% and 21% resp. in the 1st posttransplant week. In contrast, the serum level of alpha 2-macroglobulin rose on the 2nd postoperative day to an average of 800% above the mean. In connection with rejections only the alpha 2-macroglobulin showed changes of the serum level.

Animals↗