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Biomedical subjects

R Sannerstedt

Publications and source records attributed to R Sannerstedt.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Acute haemodynamic effects of metoprolol in hypertensive patients.

1. The acute haemodynamic effects of metoprolol (0.15 mg/kg body weight) intravenously were studied at rest and during exercise, in a recumbent position in five patients with arterial hypertension of WHO Stage 1 or 2. 2. Significant decreases in heart rate, cardiac output and arterial blood pressures, both at rest and during exercise, were seen. There were no changes in the calculated stroke volume or systemic vascular resistance. 3. The apparent absence of any relative preponderance of the alpha-adrenoreceptors after acute beta-adrenoreceptor blockade with metoprolol warrants further studies on metoprolol in arterial hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Metoprolol--a new cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent for treatment of tachyarrhythmias.

The antiarrhythmic effect of the cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent metoprolol, given intravenously, was studied in 44 patients with various tachyarrhythmias, including patients with congestive heart failure and signs of digitalis intoxication. All patients with atrial tachycardia (12 cases) reverted to normal sinus rhythm. In 3 out of 18 patients with atrial fibrillation, sinus rhythm was restored, and in the others there was a significant reduction in ventricular rate. In 6 of 10 patients with ventricular ectopic beats, and 1 of 2 patients with ventricular tachycardia, the ectopic rhythm was abolished. The drug was well tolerated, without any significant changes in blood pressure, even by patients with signs of digitalis intoxication and varying degrees of pulmonary or peripheral circulatory congestion. Metoprolol is of clinical value for treatment of tachyarrhythmias, especially those of supraventricular origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Evidence for peripheral vascular involvement in mild elevation of blood pressure in man.

1. Cardiac output at rest, intra-arterial blood pressure and hand blood flow at maximal vasodilatation were studied in two groups of 18-25 year-old men: forty-four with mild blood pressure elevation were referred from a military enlistment centre, and twenty-nine normotensive volunteers were mainly recruited from the same enlistment centre. 2. The study group was characterized by a significantly higher cardiac index at rest, and a significantly higher blood flow resistance in the hand at maximal vasodilatation than the control group, indicating the presence of structural modifications in the resistance vessels of patients with mild blood pressure elevation. 3. The tendency to increased vascular resistance in the blood vessels of the hand at maximal vasodilatation was more pronounced in patients with a normal cardiac index than in those with a high index. This suggests inclusion in the study group of tense, anxious individuals with an elevated cardiac index but otherwise normal circulation, but does not exclude the possibility that these patients may develop structural changes later on.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Haemodynamics studies in young men with mild blood pressure elevation.

The cardiac output at rest, and the intra-arterial blood pressure and hand blood flow at maximal vasodilation were determined in two groups of men aged 18-22 years. 44 patients were referred from a military enlistment centre because of mild blood pressure elevation, and 29 normotensive volunteers were mainly recruited from the same enlistment centre. In addition, in a majority of subjects in both groups the auscultatory blood pressure of both parents was determined. The patients were characterized by a significantly higher cardiac index at rest, and a significantly higher vascular resistance in the hand blood vessels at maximal vasodilation than the controls, indicating the presence of structural alterations in the resistance vessels of these subjects with only very mild blood pressure elevation. The tendency to increased vascular resistance in the hand blood vessels at maximal vasodilation was more prominent in patients with a normal cardiac index than in those with a high index. This suggests inclusion in the patient group of tense, anxious individuals with an elevated cardiac index but otherwise normal circulation, but does not exclude the possibility that these patients may develop structural vascular changes later on. The parents' blood pressure was higher in the group of patients, both for patients with a normal and those with a high cardiac index, compared to the parents of the controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Haemodynamic effects of beta-adrenorecptor blockers in hypertension.

The haemodynamic effect pattern of beta-blockers in hypertension is discussed. The time curve of the antihypertensive effect differs from that of cardiac beta-blockade. The antihypertensive effect is characterized by a slower onset at the start of treatment and a more gradual disappearance when therapy is withdrawn. It appears that the crucial effect of beta-blockers in hypertension is a gradually developing reduction in total peripheral vascular resistance. The mechanism of this apparent vasodilator action is unknown. Various possible factors involved are mentioned. One is a reduced efficiency of transmitter release from the peripheral adrenergic neuron. Such an action may contribute to the antihypertensive effect, as judged by results of animal experiments described.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Studies with a new cardioselective beta-blocker, metoprolol.

These studies indicate that the cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking drug metoprolol might be expected to be at least as effective for the treatment of arterial hypertension as propranolol. The difference in effect on the peripheral vascular bed may be of importance when acute increase of the blood adrenaline level occur, as in severe anxiety states. Experience in long-term studies in all kinds of patients with raised arterial pressure has confirmed that metoprolol is an active antihypertensive agent of similar potency to other beta-blocking agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effect of different doses of chlorthalidone on blood pressure, serum potassium, and serum urate.

Chlorthalidone given to 40 hypertensive women significantly decreased blood pressure and serum potassium levels and increased the serum urate concentration. There were no individual correlations between the reduction in blood pressure and the decrease in serum potassium or the increase in serum urate. A reduction in dosage from 50 mg daily to 50 mg three times a week produced no significant changes in the diastolic or mean blood pressures though the systolic blood pressure was moderately increased. Concomitantly, serum potassium increased and serum urate decreased significantly on the lower chlorthalidone dose. We conclude that high doses of oral diuretics compared with lower ones are of limited further benefit and may increase the risk of clinically significant hypokalaemia and hyperuricaemia.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1975

Minoxidil--haemodynamic and clinical experiences with a new peripheral vasodilator.

Minoxidil, a new peripheral vasodilator, given orally to hypertensive men in single doses of 5-25 mg, produced no haemodynamic changes within one hour after administration. After repeated oral doses within 24 hours to a total of 15-45 mg and after 10 mg t.i.d. orally for one week, moderate decreases in BP were seen concomitant with tendencies to increased heart rate and cardiac output. Clinically, oral minoxidil 10-50 mg daily in combination with diuretics and adrenergic beta-receptor blocking agents achieved an improved BP control in five patients with sustained arterial hypertension and unsatisfactory response to previous treatment. However, in four of the five patients minoxidil had to be withdrawn because of side-effects. It is concluded that minoxidil, producing a hypotensive effect of slow onset, may find a place as a therapeutic addition to symptomatic patients with severe and therapy-resistant hypertensive cardiovascular disease, provided adequate measures are taken to counteract side-effects, especially water retention and development of oedemas.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗