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Biomedical subjects

R Saito

Publications and source records attributed to R Saito.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of rejection using immunologic probe in lung allotransplantation].

We attempted to establish the method of early diagnosis of rejection in lung transplantation using dog, rat and monkey experimental models. Orthotopic left lung allotransplantation was performed in these animals and lymphocytes from peripheral blood (PBL) and/or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined as a probe of rejection monitoring. The recipient dog showed a decreased response of PBL to PHA and an increased spontaneous blastogenesis (SB) at the period undergoing rejection which were confirmed by blood samples taken within 2 days before sacrifice of the animal. In rat lung transplantation, 2 groups of animal pair were used; WKA to F344, and WKY to F344. The former recipient rejected the graft within 5 days postoperatively and the latter rejected within 2 weeks after the operation. In both groups parameters for detection of rejection included lymphocyte count, SB and T cell subsets of PBL and BALF lymphocyte. Lymphocyte SB of BALF from lung transplant reflected early stage of rejection and preceded the changes in PBL. This seemed to be useful for early diagnosis of lung allograft rejection. In monkey experiment, BALF lymphocyte from the transplanted lung seemed to well reflect the grade of rejection when compared total cell count and differential cell count with histologic findings of the graft, though the number of this experiment was small.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of aspirin on haloperidol-induced cataleptic behavior in mice.

Haloperidol given intraperitoneally dose-dependently elicited cataleptic behavior, evaluated by high bar and four-cork tests, in mice. The haloperidol-induced cataleptic behavior was reduced dose-dependently after oral treatment with aspirin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. The intra-cerebroventricular administration of prostaglandin F2a produced cataleptic behavior of long duration determined by the high bar test. It is suggested that prostaglandins may participate in the induction of cataleptic behavior in part.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Depth determination on stereoscopic digital subtraction angiograms.

The determination of depth on stereoscopic digital subtraction angiographic (DSA) images was evaluated. A "plus" phantom that contained simulated blood vessels of various sizes with various concentrations of contrast medium was used for the study. The vessels ranged in diameter from 0.46 to 1.35 mm, with concentrations of contrast material of 1.6%-25%. The images were evaluated by seven radiologists and six radiologic technologists. The detectability of depth separation increased as the iodine concentration and the vessel size increased. With stereoscopic DSA, correct identification of depth is possible more than 80% of the time for vessels approximately 1 mm in diameter and containing 3.1% contrast medium when the vessels are separated by more than 2.8 mm.

Angiography↗
PubMed1988

Ulnar neuropathy caused by fat necrosis with cystic myxoid degeneration at the upper forearm: case report.

The case described is thought to be the first report of ulnar neuropathy caused by a cystic myxomatous degeneration of fat necrosis. The 12-day preoperative duration of symptoms is also the shortest reported for nontraumatic ulnar neuropathy; the average period between onset of symptoms and operation is 10 months. At operation, the patient's nerve was found to be stretched severely over the tumor, which was excised, thus decompressing the ulnar nerve. The procedure relieved the patient's symptoms of tingling and numbness, and he remained asymptomatic at the 12-month follow-up examination.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Visualization of human vestibular aqueduct with computer-aided serial section reconstruction system.

The computer-aided serial section reconstruction system (SERSERS) was employed to elucidate the entire configuration of the vestibular aqueduct in the human temporal bone. The advantages and the disadvantages of this system are discussed in comparison with several conventional methods such as X-ray visualization, plastic casting and graphic reconstruction. In spite of some limitations encountered, such as difficulty in placing a marker on each section or time consumption in data input, SERSERS can be useful in the study of the vestibular aqueduct, since a three-dimensional structure which can be observed from multidirectional aspects is reconstructed.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1988

Temporal bone pathology of metastatic T-cell lymphoma.

Metastatic lymphoma involving the temporal bone is a rare tumour. A review of the English literature revealed only 13 reported cases. The common metastatic sites within the temporal bone are bone marrow and the internal auditory canal (IAC). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma has a tendency to infiltrate to the inner ear and middle ear, with bone marrow involvement. Recent advances in immunology have redefined the malignant lymphoma as a neoplasm of the immune system that has involved T and B cells. We present a case of non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphoma that metastasized to the temporal bone and central nervous system.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the colon. Report of a case.

Angiosarcoma of the colon with epithelioid and histiocytoid features, a malignant counterpart of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, was observed in a 72-year-old man. The disease first manifested as a right cervical mass, with the histologic appearance of malignant, undifferentiated, large-cell epithelioid neoplasm. Light microscopy of the colonic tumor disclosed angiosarcoma, with active erythrophagocytosis and positive immunoperoxidase reactions to lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. Ultrastructural features of the tumor cells were those of intermediate between endothelial and histiocytic cells. The disease took a rapid fatal course with recurrence, peritoneal dissemination, and massive peritoneal hemorrhage. The cause remains unknown.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Papillary-cystic neoplasm of the pancreas with multiple hepatic metastases: a case report.

We report a case of papillary-cystic neoplasm (PCN) of the pancreas in a 42-yr-old woman. Because of complication with multiple hepatic metastases, the patient could not receive radical operation, and was treated palliatively. The right hepatic tumors decreased in volume by an average of 28% (range: 13-54%) following intra-arterial infusion of doxorubicin and gelatine sponge--i.e. chemoembolization therapy. On the other hand, the left lobe tumor increased by 15% in volume following intra-arterial infusion of doxorubicin alone without selective embolization. A subsequent systemic combination chemotherapy (combinations of 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and mitomycin-C) was less effective for both the primary and metastatic sites of PCN of the pancreas. Intra-arterial chemoembolization proved useful--as expected--as a palliative measure. Papillary-cystic neoplasm of the pancreas accompanied by hepatic metastasis is very rare. We present herein its clinical behavior and response to the above treatment as documented by CT scan.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Actions of sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid as reactive oxygen scavengers in the suppression of bile acid-induced increases in colonic epithelial cell loss and proliferative activity.

Sulfasalazine suppresses mucosal injury in patients with ulcerative colitis, but the mechanism of its therapeutic action is uncertain. In the present study, we examined the mechanism of the protective action of sulfasalazine in a rat model in which colonic epithelial cell loss and subsequent increases in epithelial proliferative activity were induced by intracolonic instillation of sodium deoxycholate. Sulfasalazine or its therapeutically active metabolite 5-aminosalicylic acid suppressed the loss of deoxyribonucleic acid into the colonic lumen and the subsequent increases in mucosal ornithine decarboxylase activity and tritiated thymidine incorporation into deoxyribonucleic acid induced by sodium deoxycholate. Sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid also blocked xanthine-xanthine oxidase-induced loss of deoxyribonucleic acid and the subsequent proliferative response. In vitro sodium deoxycholate increased reactive oxygen formation by colonic mucosal scrapings or isolated crypt epithelium. These actions of sodium deoxycholate on reactive oxygen formation were blocked by sulfasalazine or 5-aminosalicylic acid. Sulfapyridine, a therapeutically inactive metabolite of sulfasalazine, had no effect on sodium deoxycholate-induced increases in surface cell sloughing, ornithine decarboxylase, tritiated thymidine incorporation into deoxyribonucleic acid, chemiluminescence, or superoxide production. The ability of sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid to scavenge reactive oxygen may play a role in their therapeutic effects of inflammatory bowel disease.

Aminosalicylic Acids↗
PubMed1987

The effect of neurotransmitters on cataleptic behavior induced by PG D2 in rats.

The effects of several neurotransmitters on prostaglandin (PG) D2-induced cataleptic behavior in rats were investigated by the high bar test. Intracerebroventricular administration of PG D2 elicited cataleptic behavior in a dose-dependent manner without producing a marked change in spontaneous motor activity. The incidences of cataleptic behavior were 20% and 100% at doses of 2 nmol and 50 nmol of PG D2, respectively. Intraperitoneal pretreatment with L-DOPA (100 mg/kg), apomorphine (1 mg/kg), amantadine (0.2 mg/kg), atropine (0.5 mg/kg) or p-chlorophenylalanine (300 mg/kg) significantly decreased the cataleptic behavior induced by 50 nmol of PG D2. Conversely, simultaneous treatment with 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (30 mg/kg), 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5 mg/kg), imipramine (20 mg/kg) or clomipramine (10 mg/kg) markedly increased the cataleptic behavior induced by 2 nmol of PG D2. Propranolol (10 mg/kg) and phenoxybenzamine (10 mg/kg) did not affect the induction of cataleptic behavior by either 2 nmol or 50 nmol of PG D2. These results suggest that PG D2 might be involved in inducing cataleptic behavior by modulating serotonergic, cholinergic and dopaminergic systems.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

Cardiopulmonary bypass after prolonged cardiac arrest in dogs.

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest of more than ten minutes can be survived by cerebral neurons, but restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) by external CPR is unreliable. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) permits control of pressure, flow, oxygenation, temperature, and composition of blood. After 12 1/2 minutes of normothermic VF cardiac arrest, CPB was used as a research tool for reperfusion and assisted circulation for two hours in ten dogs without thoracotomy, with plasma substitute priming, and without preceding CPR (a deliberately nonclinical scenario). Recovery was compared with that in ten control dogs in which standard CPR with advanced life support (ALS) for up to 30 minutes was used to achieve ROSC. Both groups subsequently had blood pressure, blood gases, ventilation, and other parameters controlled for 20 hours, and intensive therapy to 72 hours. CPB achieved ROSC more successfully (ten of ten vs six of ten controls) (P less than .05), and more rapidly, with fewer defibrillation attempts and with less epinephrine (P less than .05). CPB improved 72-hour survival (seven of ten vs two of ten controls) (P = .025). Between two and 24 hours, of those with ROSC, intractable cardiogenic shock killed four of six control dogs (NS). CPB was followed by fewer arrhythmias. CPB increased recovery of consciousness (five of ten CPB vs zero of six controls with ROSC) (P = .037), but achieved neurologic normality in only one of ten. Cardiac arrest and CPB (without CPR) resulted in less myocardial morphologic damage than did standard CPR (P less than .025).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Temporal bone histopathology in trisomy 18 syndrome: a report of two cases.

Temporal bone histopathological findings of two patients with trisomy 18 syndrome are described. Many of the abnormalities previously described were seen in the present cases; namely, atresia of the external auditory canal, aberrant course of the tensor tympani muscle, malformed stapes, aberrant course of the facial nerve with an obtuse angulation at the first genu and displacement of geniculate ganglion cells into the internal auditory canal, shortened cochlea with decreased spiral ganglion cell population, and vestibular anomalies, such as bony and membranous blockage of the superior semicircular canal. Moreover, an extremely underdeveloped malleus and incus continuous with a persistent Meckel's cartilage were observed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗