Biomedical subjects
R Saban
Publications and source records attributed to R Saban.
[Embryogenesis of the styloglossus muscle in the human embryo. Its relationship with neighboring structures].
Histogenesis of the muscles of the human tongue has been studied from the 15th week in utero onward: however their intrinsic or extrinsic origin is uncertain. The intrinsic musculature has sometimes be questioned (Saban, 1971). The embryogenesis of the styloglossus muscle has been studied in ten 39 to 58 day old human embryos. Its differentiation beyond the first lingual swellings in contact with a branch of the hypoglossus nerve allows its development to be followed outside the territories of the branchial arches. This study showed its progressive development, from day 42 onward, along bundles of the ceratoglossus and basioglossus muscles. The styloglossus muscle penetrates slowly on day 45 in the transverse fibres located behind the tongue. These latter differentiate earlier, independently and at the same time as the geniohyoid and genioglossus muscles, near the neural extensions of the hypoglossus nerve: they are very rapidly intermixed with the fibres of the genioglossus muscle: the other muscular fibres and those of the styloglossus muscle penetrate only later and progressively. In the current state of knowledge of axial neural organization, it can be concluded that the lingual muscles differentiate from the same type of cells recognized and innervated by the neurons of the hypoglossus nerve. The epigenesis of the different muscles is related to the appearance of their various functions.
[In vivo cephalic x-ray computed tomography of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes, Catarhinii, Anthropomorpha) in the neuro-ocular plane].
A N.O.P. oriented C.T. in vivo of the head of the Pan troglodytes L. The N.O.P. was recognised from many works (E.A.C.). It permitted a biometric approach and very precise morphologic study of the brain and face in comparative anatomy.
[Identification of the evolutionary stages of human fossils on the basis of meningeal veins].
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Kinetic analysis of central nervous system supersensitivity induced in rats by long-term haloperidol administration. I. pA2 determination.
A kinetic analysis of central dopamine receptors in control and in experimental rats, withdrawn from long-term haloperidol treatment was made in vivo. Using the stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine administration as the response, the relative affinity of metoclopramide as reflected by pA2 values, was examined in normal and supersensitive rats. Metoclopramide antagonized apomorphine stereotypy in a dose-dependent and competitive manner. At each dose tested, metoclopramide produced a larger rightward shift of the apomorphine dose-response curve in the control rats than in withdrawn rats. The Schild plot resulted in a straight line, the slopes being -1.2 +/- 0.3 and -0.8 +/- 0.2 for control and experimental rats, respectively. These findings suggest a decrease in receptor affinity after long-term haloperidol treatment, a concept not demonstrated in binding studies in vitro.
[Computed cerebral tomography in vivo in Macaca irus I. Geof. on the neuro-ocular plane. Comparison with man].
C.T. exploration by N.O.P. in vivo of a Macaca's head is compared with man. The N.O.P. was recognized from many works (E.A.C.). It permitted a biometric approach and very precise morphologic study of the brain and the face. For the first time, it allows comparisons between monkey and man, at different ages.
Adrenoceptor supersensitivity in the isolated rat vas deferens during barbital withdrawal.
Long-term treatment with sodium barbital did not alter significantly the responsiveness of the isolated rat vas deferens to noradrenaline. However, three days after barbital withdrawal there was a 4.5-fold increase in the sensitivity and an enhanced maximum response to the neurotransmitter. Pharmacological analysis of the affinity of postjunctional adrenoceptors showed no alteration of the pA2 of phentolamine, a decrease in the apparent dissociation constant (KA) for noradrenaline and an increase in the fraction of adrenoceptors (q) remaining active after exposure to phenoxybenzamine. Comparison between ED50 and KA indicates the presence of spare receptors in the rat vas deferens. There was also a decrease in the blocking activity of phenoxybenzamine, in vasa deferentia obtained from rats three days after barbital withdrawal. These results suggest that an increased affinity of postjunctional adrenoceptors could be responsible, at least partially, for this supersensitivity to noradrenaline. The increased maximum response to the neurotransmitter could be the consequence of an improved coupling of adrenoceptor occupation to the final contractile response.
[Changes in the imprints of the middle meningeal veins on the vault of the human skull during growth].
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[Veinous meningeal system in fossil man from Biache-Saint Vaast (Pas-de-Calais), established by the endocranial cast].
In fossil Man from Biache, the pattern of the middle meningeal veins studied by means of endocranial cast shows a sapiens pattern with many vascular anastomosis in the parietal region.
[Evolution of median menigeal veins network in primates, from endocranial imprint patterns].
In the evolution of Primates, three main changes in the endocranial imprint pattern of the median meningeal veins are observed: 1. a gradual increase in the arrangement of the three-branched network: 2. a progression of the complexity of the anastomotic squaring; 3. the consecutive disappearnce of the retroarticular system (external jugular vein), which brings about an enlargement of the available space for the internal jugular system, and the ensuing increase in functional importance of the pterygoid plexus.
[The network of middle meningeal veins in Ponginae (Catarhini, Anthropormorpha)].
The grooves traced by the middle meningeal veins on the endocranial wall in the Ponginae show a particular pattern for each genus, with numerous early characteristics: important frontal branch; anterior branch reduced; occipital origin of the posterior branch and constancy of the petrosquamous sinus.
Noradrenergic supersensitivity in the rat vas deferens during barbital withdrawal.
Three days' withdrawal from long-term barbital administration results in a shift to the left and increase in the maximum response of the concentration--effect curve to norepinephrine in the isolated rat vas deferens. The maximum response to carbachol and potassium was also increased without a leftward displacement of the concentration--effect curves. This specific increase in sensitivity to norpinephrine could indicate an adaptive alteration of the adrenoreceptors of the rat vas deferens (receptor supersentivity) as has been proposed for supersensitivity in the central nervous system during withdrawal from neuroleptics and barbiturates.
[The endocranial parietal vascular traces in the hominid line].
The study of the grooves traced by the middle meningeal veins on the parietal bone or the endocast of Hominid fossils shows different patterns which correspond to each evolutive stage. Height types are characterised among the Hominids (Australopithecines, Archanthropines, Paleanthropines and Neanthropines): I, robust Australopithecine type; II, gracile Australopithecine type; III, earliest Pithecanthropine type; IV, evolved Pithecanthropine type; V, Preneandertal type; VI, neandertal type; VII, Neanthropine type; VIII, modern type.
[The cutaneous musculature of the head in a young Manatee (Trichechus senegalensis Link, 1795; Mammals, Sirenia)].
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[Cutaneous musculature of the head and neck of Hippopotamus amphibius L. 1758].
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[Cutaneous musculature of the head and neck in Rhinoceros unicornis Linné 1758].
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[The external musculature of the eye in Ornithorhyncus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus Shaw)].
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[The external musculature of the eye of Echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus Shaw)].
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