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Biomedical subjects

R S Northrup

Publications and source records attributed to R S Northrup.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

BioPrep. A premedical program for rural high school students.

To address physician maldistribution in Alabama and the Southeast region. The University of Alabama established the Biomedical Sciences Preparation Program (BioPrep) in five rural high schools. Its purpose is to help rural, disadvantaged high school students develop academically and socially so that they will be motivated and able to enroll in and progress successfully through college, specifically in pre-health professional curricula. It aims to develop their desire to return eventually to rural areas of Alabama as professionals. Project students are compared with two control groups. Performance on the American College Testing Program college entrance examination revealed significantly higher achievement by the project students. The project students also chose professional careers earlier and more frequently than matched high school students not receiving this special program, but similar to medical students and premedical students. The implications of the project for increasing the size of the rural, disadvantaged student applicant pool are discussed.

Alabama↗
PubMed1976

Taking science where the diarrhoea is.

With attack rates exceeding two episodes per year in the young diarrhoea with attendant dehydration is by far the major single killer in the developing world. An invariable accompaniment of the more insidious and chronic protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), diarrhoea is itself an acute form of malnutrition: fluid-electrolyte malnutrition (FEM). Scientific attention to FEM has focused heavily on mechanisms of pathogenesis and disordered physiology, often to the neglect of preventive and effective control measures. A notable exception was the huge step from the short-circuit chamber to the cholera ward which carried the science of coupled transport to the field. Glucose-electrolyte solutions provide effective prevention and treatment of dehydration and, where combined with early proper feeding, an interruption of the FEM-PEM cycle. Wider use of this simple technology awaits greater understanding and interact-on with the social systems that determine the ecology of diarrhoeal disease.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Vi antigen from Salmonella typhosa and immunity against typhoid fever. 11. Safety and antigenicity in humans.

Safety and antigenicity of a purified preparation of Salmonella typhosa Vi antigen was evaluated in human volunteers. Dosages of Vi antigen at 25, 50, and 100 mug were less toxic than U.S. standard typhoid vaccine (lot 6A) containing 5 X 10(8) bacteria per dosage. Vi antigen in comparison with the standard typhoid vaccine induced higher hemagglutinating antibody but lower bactericidal antibody responses.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1974

Vi antigen from Salmonella typhosa and immunity against typhoid fever. I. Isolation and immunologic properties in animals.

The role of Vi antigen in human immunity against typhoid fever has been debated for decades. Circumstantial evidence indicates that Vi antigen may play a role in pathogenicity and immunity. A Vi preparation was isolated from Salmonella typhosa, the causative organism in human typhoid fever, by a mild precipitation method. It was significantly more potent in animal studies than preparations from Citrobacter used in the past for human study and less toxic than conventional typhoid vaccines. With this antigen, the role of Vi antigen in human protection is now being investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

In vitro susceptibility of El Tor and classical Vibrio cholerae strains to trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.

Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole were tested individually and in combination against El Tor and classical biotype strains of Vibrio cholerae. Determinations of the minimal inhibitory concentration in liquid media and by an agardilution method showed that classical strains were uniformly more resistant to sulfamethoxazole than were El Tor strains. In agar-dilution studies, trimethoprim was equally active against both biotypes. Combination of the agents produced a synergistic action against all strains tested. Testing for susceptibility to sulfonamide is suggested as a possible method for differentiating between El Tor and classical biotypes of V. cholerae.

Drug Synergism↗