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Biomedical subjects

R S Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to R S Nelson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The effects of ibuprofen, indomethacin, aspirin, naproxen, and placebo on the gastric mucosa of normal volunteers: a gastroscopic and photographic study.

The effects of various nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on the gastric mucosa were endoscopically evaluated in 40 normal volunteers. Eight groups, each containing five subjects were designed: aspirin (3600 mg/d); placebo; ibuprofen (1600 mg/d); ibuprofen (2400 mg/d); indomethacin (100 mg/d); indomethacin (150 mg/d); naproxen (500 mg/d); and naproxen (750 mg/d). All volunteers took medication for seven days and gastroscopy was carried out on day one and day eight. All findings were documented by photography. Severe gastric mucosal injury occurred with aspirin (P less than 0.05), both doses of indomethacin, and the higher dose of naproxen. Lesser changes were seen with the lower dose of naproxen, both doses of ibuprofen and placebo. The higher doses of ibuprofen, indomethacin, and naproxen caused a greater degree of gastric mucosal injury, but statistical significance was achieved only with naproxen (P less than 0.01). Subjective gastrointestinal complaints generally correlated with endoscopic pathology; however, nine volunteers had evidence of severe injury to the gastric mucosa with no symptomatology. This was confined to the patients on indomethacin, naproxen, and ibuprofen. Aspirin patients all had some degree of symptomatology but to a lesser degree than expected in view of the endoscopic findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Distribution of Lyb-4.1 and other membrane antigens on murine lymphoid tumors.

The distribution of membrane antigens on 6 DBA/2-derived tumors (L1210, L5178Y, P815, ABLS 11, ABLS 12, and ABLS 13) was studied by direct cytotoxicity and quantitative absorption assays. Lyb-4.1 antigen was found solely on the L1210 tumor. Iad antigens were absent from all tumors, and H-2Kd and H-2Dd antigens were present on all tumors. Immunoglobulin was adsorbed to the ascites tumors and lost after 3 days or more in tissue culture. These studies were performed to characterize the distribution of DBA/2 membrane antigens on DBA/2-derived tumors as a base line for functional and chemical studies with these tumors and with their solubilized proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of ibuprofen, tolmetin and placebo on the gastric mucosa of aspirin-sensitive volunteers.

Patients who have demonstrated a gastric mucosal sensitivity to aspirin often react to other nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs to a similar or lesser degree. In a single-blind crossover study, five healthy volunteers who had previously developed erosive gastritis secondary to one week of aspirin therapy were randomly assigned to seven-day courses of treatment with ibuprofen, tolmetin and placebo. Treatment schedules were separated by washout periods to eliminate residual drug effects. Ibuprofen produced less gastric mucosal injury than tolmetin and, over all, appeared to be better tolerated. It was also noted that clinical symptoms often do not reflect the severity of gastroscopic findings, which may explain silent hemorrhaging in patients treated with agents of this type.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of psoriasis with dialysis.

Five patients with psoriasis were treated with haemodialysis. Dialysis therapy was initiated for subsequent development of uraemia in three cases. All of these had successful renal transplants without recurrence of psoriasis while being maintained on post-transplant anti-rejection regimens. Two other cases were haemodialysed, not for uraemia but primarily for psoriasis. One case had moderate improvement of psoriasis after twice-weekly dialysis for two months while the second had no objective improvement up to one month after a single haemodialysis treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoid tumors: experiences with 32 patients and a review of the literature.

An analysis of results of chemotherapy in 32 patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors was carried out. The most frequently used chemotherapeutic agent was 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) followed by nitrosoureas in combination with 5-FU or with cyclophosphamide. Adriamycin (used as adriamycin-DNA complex) alone or in combination with other drugs was used in seven patients. Seven partial responses were observed, five of them occurring in the patients receiving adriamycin-containing regimens. Based on these findings, adriamycin deserves further evaluation in metastatic carcinoid tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of gastric ulcerations.

All gastric ulcers diagnosed during the period November, 1969-May, 1974, were prospectively evaluated by roentgenography, fiberoptic gastroscopy, directed biopsy, and brush cytology. Gastroscopy was performed routinely in patients with radiologic diagnosis of gastric ulcer or questionable findings, and in symptomatic individuals with negative roentgenograms. A total of 123/142 ulcers, 109 benign, 14 malignant, were available for complete follow-up. Gastroscopy was correct in 106 of 109 benign ulcers visualized. Roentgenoscopy demonstrated 91 of 109, of which 7 were incorrectly called carcinoma. Gross diagnosis was correct by gastroscopy in 11 of 14 malignant ulcers. Radiology visualized 6 of 14; gross diagnosis was correct in 1 of 6 (5 called benign). Directed gastroscopic biopsy was negative for malignant changes in all 109 benign and 3 of 14 malignant ulcers. Total complete gastroscopic diagnostic failures were 4 of 123, for an overall accuracy of 96.7%. Overall roentgenographic accuracy was 70.8%.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of symptomatic hepatic cyst by percutaneous instillation of Pantopaque.

A large, symptomatic, simple hepatic cysts was managed by the percutaneous instillation of Pantopaque. The method was based on reports of similar percutaneous treatment of renal cysts. In 6 months the patient was asymptomatic and radiographs demonstrated evidence of a fibrous reaction within the cyst. The patient remains asymptomatic 16 months after puncture. These results suggest that percutaneous instillation of sclerosing agents may provide an alternative to operative procedures.

Cysts↗
PubMed1976

Gastrointestinal carcinoma: diagnosis, staging, and follow-up.

When cancer of the gastrointestinal tract is suspected, thorough studies should be made to determine the presence, type, and severity of the primary tumor and whether it has spread. Besides routine x-ray studies, angiography, scanning, and sonography may furnish valuable information. Endoscopy, which has revolutionized diagnosis of these tumors, not only makes it possible to obtain a specimen for histologic analysis without laparotomy but also reveals gross involvement as a guide to surgery. Staging of the lesion helps the physician select which patients would benefit from surgery and which instead should be treated with palliative chemotherapy or irradiation, or both. The patient's quality of life during treatment also must be considered. The side effects of multiple-agent chemotherapy, for example, may take too great a toll on the patient's ability to function. Continuous, long-term follow-up is essential. Metastases may develop after three to five years in particularly indolent tumors, and new primary lesions are far from rare.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1975

Carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia: diagnostic evaluation in 113 cases.

Fiberoptic endoscopy with directed biopsy and brush cytology was used to diagnose 73 patients with squamous carcinoma of the esophagus and 40 adenocarcinomas of the gastric fundus invading the lower esophagus. Over-all accuracy of histologic diagnosis in the esophagus was 95.8 per cent and in the cardia, 97.5 per cent. Multiple biopsies (6 to 8) and brush cytology complemented one another in providing a high index of reliable histologic diagnoses. There were no complications. Endoscopy with the fiberoptic scope as now performed is well tolerated and accurate. It appears to be the most reliable means of diagnosis in cancer of the esophagus and cardia and should be performed routinely in all patients with symptoms referable to the esophagus.

Adenocarcinoma↗