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Biomedical subjects

R S Krug

Publications and source records attributed to R S Krug.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Clinical needs assessment of middle and high school students following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing.

OBJECTIVE: This clinical assessment was designed to identify middle and high school students in need of formal evaluation for posttraumatic response symptoms following the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. METHOD: A clinical needs assessment instrument was developed and administered to grade 6 through 12 students 7 weeks after the bombing (N = 3,218). RESULTS: More than 40% of the students reported knowing someone injured, and more than one-third reported knowing someone killed in the blast. Posttraumatic stress symptoms at 7 weeks significantly correlated with gender, exposure through knowing someone injured or killed, and bomb-related television viewing. CONCLUSIONS: This study documents the intensity of community exposure to the bombing and the lingering symptoms of stress. The assessment was used in planning for clinical service delivery, training professional responders, and supporting funding requests.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Psychological response to the Oklahoma City bombing.

The bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Office Building in Oklahoma City was the most devastating terrorist activity that has occurred in America. Prevention of revictimization of persons seriously affected by the bombing was central to the planned response to this tragedy. Coordination and collaboration among local, state, and national agencies promoted effective clinical services provision, research facilitation, and prevention of revictimization. Information gathered from this cooperative effort will contribute to the effort to minimize the potential for such tragedies in the future as well as help to develop prevention and intervention strategies to reduce the effects when the next such disaster occurs.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Adult male report of childhood sexual abuse by mothers: case descriptions, motivations and long-term consequences.

Sexual abuse of male children by their mothers is rarely reported. However, it may not be as rare as commonly believed. Eight case histories are presented which exemplify mothers' sexual abuse of their sons to satisfy the mothers' own needs. In no case was the mother psychotic. In seven cases the mother began the seduction and sexual abuse while the son was prepubescent and continued until at least early adolescence. As adults, each of these sons experienced difficulty maintaining an intimate emotional and sexual relationship with one person, and most presented with some degree of depression. Substance abuse was present in five of eight cases.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Performance on NBME Part I examination in relation to policies regarding use of test.

From 1971 to 1983, a number of administrative decisions were made at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine regarding the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Part I examination. Students' performance on this examination was found to be associated with administrative decisions that required (a) a passing score for promotion, (b) the student to take the examination, and (c) the student to take an integrated basic sciences review course. A modest improvement in student performance was noted when passage of the examination was made mandatory. The introduction of a review course into the curriculum effected a major upward change in scores that has persisted despite the removal of all requirements to pass, or even take, the Part I NBME examination.

Achievement↗
PubMed1985

The substance abuse attitude survey: an instrument for measuring attitudes.

Although attitudinal objectives in medical education about alcohol and drug misuse are important, adequate instruments for measuring the achievement of such objectives have been lacking. The development of a standardized Substance Abuse Attitude Survey (SAAS) is described. Multiple administrations and factor analyses selected and refined the item pool of the final scale. Five factors were derived from tests completed by 324 noncriterion clinicians: Permissiveness, Treatment Intervention, Nonstereotypes, Treatment Optimism and Nonmoralism. The factor structure was found to be internally consistent over repeated administrations. Validation was obtained by scoring surveys completed by 116 criterion clinicians experienced in treating patients who misuse alcohol and other drugs. The criterion clinicians scored significantly higher than the noncriterion clinicians on the Treatment Intervention and Treatment Optimism factors. The SAAS has been well accepted by medical students and practicing physicians. It has proven useful in developing attitudinal objectives, measuring achievement of these objectives and modifying teaching approaches in both undergraduate and continuing medical education.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ceramic flask technique for duplicating a complete denture.

The possibilities for use of the duplicate denture are many. The duplicate denture serves as an excellent custom tray for the final working impression. If it is acceptable on the existing denture, the vertical dimension of the duplicate denture can be directly transferred to the articulator. If not acceptable, the vertical dimension can be altered and checked intraorally by adding or removing acrylic resin on the occlusal surface of the teeth. Alterations in esthetics, phonetics, and occlusion can easily be achieved and tested by replacing the original teeth of the duplicate denture with stock acrylic resin teeth. Alterations to the duplicate denture with subsequent patient approval prior to construction of a new prosthesis eliminates many problems associated with new dentures.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1983

Evaluating alcoholism and drug abuse knowledge in medical education: a collaborative project.

A series of six modular examinations, each representing a substance abuse problem, were developed by a National Institute on Drug Abuse task force working with consultants from the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME). Each examination contained a patient management problem and multiple-choice questions. The examinations were administered to 629 third- and fourth-year U.S. medical students, and the results indicated that students performed less well in this area than on the traditional content of the NBME examinations. Students performed better on items related to pharmacologic effects of drugs of abuse, Alcoholics Anonymous, and the treatment of delirium tremens. Students did less well on items related to metabolic and biochemical areas; emergency room treatment of drug-overdosed, comatose patients; and legal issues in substance abuse. As a result of these data, a syllabus explaining each item in the available modules was developed, score-reporting to participating schools was modified, and the modules were shortened. Implications for medical education in substance abuse are discussed.

Alcoholism↗