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Biomedical subjects

R S Klein

Publications and source records attributed to R S Klein.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ophthalmic manifestations in ambulatory patients.

Twenty-five ambulatory patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied over a 6-month period. Fourteen (56%) of the patients were heterosexuals with a history of intravenous drug abuse. Ocular involvement was seen in 40% of patients, cotton-wool spots being the major manifestation. Findings consistent with cytomegalovirus retinitis were seen in only one patient. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the ocular findings and epidemiology of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Carcinoma of the colon 2 years after endocarditis due to Streptococcus bovis.

A patient with Streptococcus bovis endocarditis, on complete gastrointestinal evaluation had only an adenomatous polyp of the sigmoid colon. Twenty-eight months later she was found to have invasive cecal carcinoma. Periodic evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract is therefore recommended for all patients with a history of S. bovis septicemia.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

High testicular salvage rate in torsion of the spermatic cord.

Acute, nontraumatic scrotal emergency operations were done on 104 patients. The testes were saved in 79 per cent of 67 patients with torsion of the spermatic cord. When the patients who presented late are excluded, aggressive treatment allowed a 93 per cent testicular salvage rate. Spontaneous or manipulative detorsion preoperatively resulted in a 100 per cent testicular salvage rate. If the patient seeks medical advice early a high testicular salvage rate can be obtained by proper diagnosis and prompt, aggressive detorsion either by manipulation when examined initially or at operation. These maneuvers are combined with bilateral orchiopexy to ensure permanent cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Hemiacidrin renal irrigation: complications and successful management.

The complications of hemiacidrin irrigation of the kidneys for postoperative residual struvite calculi can test the ingenuity and perseverance of the clinician. The complications encountered during the irrigation of 9 kidneys in 8 patients included Candida urinary tract infection, irrigant extravasation, ureteral obstruction and chemical cystitis. Some causes and the management of these problems are discussed. Although the period of irrigation and the hospitalization are prolonged by these complications hemiacidrin irrigation remains a safe procedure when used meticulously.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Preseptal cellulitis caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare.

A case of preseptal cellulitis caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare is presented. A 56-year-old white woman developed erythema, induration, and tenderness of the lids of her right eye after chalazion removal, which did not respond to three weeks of broad spectrum antibiotics. Incision and drainage with biopsy revealed granuloma, and acid-fast bacilli were seem. Mycobacterium intracellulare was isolated on culture, resistant to all the antimicrobials that the patient was given. Antimicrobial therapy was discontinued, and the infection resolved over 15 months.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Pelvic lipomatosis: diagnosis using computed tomography.

Pelvic lipomatosis is a rare, benign disease in which the characteristic roentgenographic findings may mimic those of pelvic malignancy. In the past more than two-thirds of reported cases have been explored surgically for diagnosis. We present 2 cases to demonstrate how the definitive diagnosis of pelvic lipomatosis can be made with the aid of computed tomography to avoid invasive techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Antibiotic activity in vitro against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and therapy of an experimental infection.

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a major pathogen in early prosthetic valve endocarditis and cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections. Approximately 10 to 15% of hospital isolates are methicillin resistant. Ten clinically significant isolates of the latter were collected for antibiotic studies in vitro and in an experimental infection in animals. Time-kill studies of five strains showed gentamicin to be the single most effective antibiotic; however, dwarf colony variants emerged as survivors with two of these strains when challenged with gentamicin alone. The addition of a second antibiotic to gentamicin did not significantly improve the bactericidal rate but prevented the emergence of variant strains. A blood culture isolate of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis combined with 5% hog gastric mucin was used to establish an experimental intraperitoneal infection in mice. Neither methicillin nor nafcillin treatment reduced mortality below that of untreated animals. Cephalothin treatment delayed early mortality but did not diminish overall mortality. Gentamicin was the most effective single antibiotic, and gentamicin in combination with vancomycin was the most effective regimen overall. The combination of rifampin plus vancomycin was as effective as gentamicin alone. The combinations of cephalothin or nafcillin with gentamicin and cephalothin with vancomycin demonstrated antagonism. The antagonism was not due to multiple injections or drug-drug inactivation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Streptococcus bovis septicemia and carcinoma of the colon.

We prospectively studied patients with Streptococcus bovis septicemia for the presence of gastrointestinal lesions. This study was prompted by our reported findings of the association of fecal carriage of S. bovis with carcinoma of the colon. We studied 29 patients with 30 episodes of S. bovis septicemia. Fifteen completed gastrointestinal evaluations that included colonscopy, surgery, or autopsy. Eight of these had carcinoma of the colon, three had adenomatous polyps of the colon without carcinoma, and two had carcinoma of the esophagus. The 14 patients who did not have complete evaluations included one each with carcinoma of the stomach, gastric lymphoma, and adenomatous polyp of the colon and three with colonic masses not further delineated. Nineteen patients had no gastrointestinal signs or symptoms or stools positive for occult blood at admission. The results of our study suggest that all patients with S. bovis septicemia need aggressive evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract, especially the colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Ureteral endometriosis.

Ureteral endometriosis poses a problem to the clinician because of its nonspecific clinical presentation and its possible confusion with ureteral tumor. To facilitate early diagnosis and the application of appropriate treatment, the gynecologist should obtain an excretory urogram on all patients with pelvic endometriosis advanced enough to require surgery, and the urologist should suspect the disease when a premenopausal woman presents with distal ureteral obstruction of unknown cause.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Association of Streptococcus bovis with carcinoma of the colon.

Two patients with colonic adenocarcinoma and Streptococcus bovis endocarditis suggested a possible association between the two. Non-enterococcal Group D streptococci were isolated from fecal cultures of 11 of 105 controls, 35 of 63 patients with carcinoma of the colon, seven of 25 with inflammatory bowel disease, four of 21 with non-colonic neoplasms and five of 37 with other gastrointestinal disorders. All such streptococci examined for lactose fermentation were S. bovis. The prevalence of S. bovis in fecal cultures from patients with carcinoma of the colon was significantly increased (P less than 0.001) as compared to that in controls, and also to all other groups (P less than 0.001). No other group had results significantly different from those of controls (P less than 0.05) although patients with inflammatory bowel disease were more frequently carriers. The carrier state was unrelated to age, hospitalization status, colonic stasis, gastrointestinal bleeding or recent barium-enema examination. The implications of this association are unknown.

Adenocarcinoma↗