A case of isolated optic nerve metastasis from breast carcinoma is described. Intraocular tumor was discovered three months following a radical mastectomy and was confined to the optic nerve head and distal optic nerve. Following X-irradiation treatment, central retinal vascular occlusion, rubeosis, and neovascular glaucoma developed during the fifteen months before enucleation. The clinicopathologic features of this case are discussed and the literature reviewed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Solitary retinal astrocytoma.

The clinicopathologic features of retinal or optic disc astrocytomas are discussed based on eighteen reported cases. In addition, a new case of solitary retinal astrocytoma in a patient without other stigmata of phakomatosis is described. The tumor was prominently vascular and caused total exudative retinal detachment. It doubled in diameter over the seven months prior to enucleation, which was dictated by the occurrence of neovascular glaucoma. The astrocytic nature of the lesion was confirmed by immunohistochemical techniques (glial fibrillary acidic protein stain) and by electron microscopy.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Management of optic neuritis.

To improve understanding and effectiveness of therapy in optic nerve disease, various causes of so-called optic neuritis should be identified when possible. The clinical characteristics of demyelinating optic neuropathy can be contrasted with those of ischemic optic neuropathy, nutritional optic neuropathy, true optic nerve inflammation (e.g., luetic), optic nerve infiltration with tumor, and compression neuropathy caused by adjacent tumor. Radiologic studies and other means of investigating patients with optic neuritis are reviewed. Arguments in favor of, and against, treatment of presumed demyelinating optic neuritis are presented along with representative corticosteroid treatment regimens. The natural tendency toward spontaneous improvement of optic neuritis makes the effect of treatment difficult to assess.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The Rieger syndrome and a chromosome 13 deletion.

The Rieger syndrome, characterized by a prominent Schwalbe line, iris strands to the cornea, iris hypoplasia, dental abnormalities, facial malformations, and umbilical defects, is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. We studied a boy with the ocular features of the Rieger syndrome, micrognathia, and redundancy of the periumbilical skin. Chromosome analysis revealed an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13 involving the distal region of band q14 through band q31. As there was a previous report of the Rieger syndrome in a child with an interstitial deletion of chromosome 13 (q12,q22), we suggest that a gene for this disorder may be located in the segment q14 to q22.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pneumosinus dilatans of the sphenoid sinus.

Four cases of pneumosinus dilatans of the sphenoid sinus are reported, supplementing the eight cases previously reported in the literature. This rare entity is characterized by expansion of a paranasal sinus that contains only air. In one patient, severe visual loss due to compression of the optic canal by the adjacent enlarged sinus was seen. Galactorrhea occurred in one patient, and three of the four patients reported headaches. There was dehiscence of the sinus roof in two cases, which apparently resulted in a cerebrospinal fluid fistula in one. Previous reports of this entity are reviewed, and the radiographic findings and clinical presentations are discussed. It is proposed that the term "pneumosinus dilatans" be used to describe all dilated, air-filled sinuses with outwardly bulging walls when the primary cause is uncertain.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Adie's tonic pupil.

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Adie Syndrome↗