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Biomedical subjects

R S Gordon

Publications and source records attributed to R S Gordon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Clinical trials.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1978

The acceptability of computer applications to group practices.

Of the 72 identified group practices in a midwest urban environment, 39 were found to use computers. The practices had been influenced strongly by vendors in their selection of an automated system or service, and had usually spent less than a work-month analyzing their needs and reviewing alternate ways in which those needs could be met. Ninety-seven percent of the practices had some financial applications and 64% had administrative applications, but only 2.5% had medical applications. For half the practices at least 2 months elapsed from the time the automated applications were put into operation until they were considered to be integrated into the office routine. Advantages experienced by at least a third of the practices using computers were that the work was done faster, information was more readily available, and costs were reduced. The most common disadvantage was inflexibility. Most (89%) of the practices believed that automation was preferable to their previous manual system.

Computers↗
PubMed1978

Issues in human experimentation.

The current status of two difficult and controversial issues--confidentiality of preliminary results of clinical studies and compensation for research-related injuries--is outlined. The principle of not publicizing results of clinical research until enough data have been accumulated to give statistically valid support for conclusions is in conflict with the principle of ready availability to the public of results of government-conducted and government-sponsored research. New legislation may be required to resolve the problem. The lack of a mechanism to compensate research subjects for unanticipated injuries that are not the result of negligence is a barrier to obtaining truly informed consent. A plan for overcoming this problem through Department of Health, Education, and Welfare regulations has been proposed and awaits implementation.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1976

Genesis of the sweat:plasma urea concentration gradient.

Experiments with 14C-labeled urea in human volunteers show that urea is sequestered in the epidermis, where it turns over more slowly than in general body water. Sequestered urea, presumed to be concentrated through insensible evaporation of water, is the source of the excess urea found in sweat. Physiologic and clinical implications of the existence of this urea pool are discussed.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1976

Saline lavage: a rapid, effective, and acceptable method for cleansing the gastrointestinal tract.

The standard preparation for cleansing the gastrointestinal tract for diagnostic studies such as barium enema usually involves dietary restrictions, purgatives, and cleansing enemas. This preparation is time consuming, often uncomfortable for the patient, and frequently unsuccessful. In this study, we examined the efficacy of saline lavage (without dietary restrictions or cleansing enemas) as a gentle, alternative method for cleansing the bowel, and compared lavage to the standard castor oil method of bowel preparation. Lavage cleansing was preferred by 75% of patients who had previously experienced a castor oil preparation. Although 11% of patients could not consume an adequate (4-liter) lavage volume, there was no significant difference in preparation success rate between the remaining lavage patients and the castor oil patients. Total preparation time for lavage (3 +/- 1 hr) was 60% less than for castor oil. The anticipated dehydration produced by castor oil and the hydration produced by lavage were confirmed. No significant changes were noted, however, in serum electrolytes with either method of preparation. Additional early studies are promising for the lavage method when used in inflammatory bowel disease patients and as a cleansing preparation for colonoscopy.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1976

Pulmonary oedema associated with acidosis in patients with cholera.

Five patients with severe acidosis and pulmonary oedema complicating cholera were seen at the Cholera Research Laboratory, Dacca, in a two-year period. All had had inadequate treatment. Their disease resulted in acidosis prior to admission; only the two who subsequently survived received volumes of sodium bicarbonate solutions sufficiently large to repair completely their acidosis. Saline alone worsened pulmonary congestion, while alkali appeared to relieve it despite the accompanying volume expansion. These observations are consistent with the known redistribution of blood to the central circulation in acidosis. Timely and proper treatment of cholera will avert this syndrome, when use of isotonic sodium bicarbonate sufficient to correct acidosis may be very helpful.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1975

Attempted prevention of diarrheal disease in Apache children with a non-absorbable broad-spectrum antimicrobial.

A double-blind study was conducted to test the prophylactic effect of a non-absorbable broad-spectrum antimicrobial (oral colistin sulfate) against acute diarrhea in Apache children. Children 1 to 6 months old had over twice the morbidity from diarrhea if assigned to the antimicrobial group as compared to placebo, while the toddler group (7-30 months) taking the antimicrobial had somewhat less diarrhea. Enteropathogenic E. coli were significantly more often isolated from the antimicrobial group (but only in well children). No special effect on the children's growth by the antimicrobial was discerned.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1970

Metabolic studies of isolated human eccrine sweat glands.

This paper describes a method for isolating and studying the metabolism of human eccrine sweat glands. (a) Electron microscopy of glands which had been isolated and then incubated for an hour revealed no apparent alteration in morphology. (b) Known variation in gland size (male > female > children) was reflected in the relative rates of lactate production. (c) Lactate production was approximately 1.5 nmoles/gland per hr in the absence of glucose and rose to 2.7 at physiological concentrations of glucose (5.6 mmoles/liter). This amount of lactate production agrees well with the amounts found in sweat. (d) Both adrenergic (epinephrine) and cholinergic (methacholine) stimuli increased lactate production. (e) Glycogen depletion was demonstrated during incubation. (f) O(2) consumption was measured and aerobic metabolism was found to account for less than 1% of the energy derived from anaerobic pathways. These studies demonstrate that the large amounts of lactate appearing in human eccrine sweat can be accounted for by glandular metabolism and that both glycogen and glucose can be used as substrates.

Age Factors↗