Difference in oral effectiveness of two tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
R Russell
Publications and source records attributed to R Russell.
Survival results from a phase III study of simultaneous versus 1-hour sequential methotrexate-5-fluorouracil chemotherapy in head and neck cancer.
There were 79 patients with squamous cell head and neck cancer randomized to receive simultaneous or 1 hour sequential methotrexate-5 fluorouracil (MTX--5-FU) chemotherapy: 47 patients were previously untreated and 32 patients had recurrent disease. The treatment groups were comparable for important prognostic features. The median survival for the 47 newly presenting patients was 22 months and for recurrent disease patients was 14 months. No difference could be detected in the survival of patients who received simultaneous versus sequential chemotherapy. When only chemotherapy responders were compared, no difference in survival was detected for those who received sequential versus simultaneous therapy. Subsequently, 19 chemotherapy responders received radical radiation therapy, and 15 were rendered disease-free whereas only 4 of 17 chemotherapy nonresponders were rendered disease-free by subsequent radiation (P = .002). The survival of the 19 chemotherapy responders was 34 months compared with 16 months for the 17 chemotherapy nonresponders treated with radiation. We conclude that there is no therapeutic advantage for 1 hour sequential MTX-5 FU chemotherapy compared with simultaneous use of these drugs in squamous cell head and neck cancer. Chemotherapy responders are more likely to respond to radiation therapy.
Actuarial Analysis↗
Two-year-olds will name artifacts by their functions.
Do young children take functional information into account in naming artifacts? In three studies of lexical categorization, 112 children 2 years of age learned new names for novel artifacts with novel functions and then extended the names to new objects. The objects were designed to have functions that were causally related in simple and compelling ways to perceptible aspects of their physical structure. Despite only minimal opportunity to familiarize themselves with the objects, children generalized the names in accordance with the objects' functions. This result obtained even when children had to discover the functions of the named objects on their own (Experiment 2) and when all the test objects had some discernible function (Experiment 3). Two-year-olds name by function when they can make sense of the relation between the appearances and the functions of artifacts.
Analysis of Variance↗
Managing risk: do it right, and do it yourself.
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Financial Management↗
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy during pregnancy: three case reports.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this presentation is to investigate the effects and feasibility of laparoscopic cholecystectomy during pregnancy. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: We present three pregnant patients who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary colic during the early second and early third trimester of pregnancy. We also reviewed the literature regarding this topic. RESULTS: All three pregnant patients had uneventful hospital courses after their procedures and delivered full-term babies without complications. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the first trimester of pregnancy is contraindicated due to the ongoing fetal organogenesis and during the third trimester is not technically feasible due to the large uterine size. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the second and very early third trimester of pregnancy is safe and feasible.
Adult↗
Anti-thymocyte globulin induced thrombocytopenia.
Anti-thymocyte globulin is strongly reactive with platelets as measured by flow cytometric analysis. This reactivity appears to be independent of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotype, is dose-dependent with saturation of platelet binding sites readily achieved with concentrations of horse anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) at 0.25 mg per ml, and cannot be blocked with human anti-PLA1 antibody nor with heat-aggregated human IgG. Results of immunoblot studies after electrophoresis of platelet membrane proteins are consistent with the proposal that horse ATG contains antibodies specific for platelet glycoproteins V and IIa.
Antibody Specificity↗
Maternal platelet antibody levels in neonatal isoimmune thrombocytopenia.
A case of neonatal isoimmune thrombocytopenia (NIT) is described in which maternal platelet antibody levels decreased during the course of pregnancy. It is suggested that if this disorder is clinically suspected, maternal serum should be assessed for anti-platelet specificity using immunoblot analysis.
Adult↗
Dactylaria gallopava encephalitis in two grey-winged trumpeters (Psophia crepitans).
Encephalitis caused by Dactylaria gallopava is reported in two 17-to-18-day-old grey-winged trumpeters (Psophia crepitans). One of the chicks was housed in a tropical exhibit, and the other was in an adjacent room. Fir bark litter and aerosol infection were the suspected source and route of infection. The occurrence of this disease in a species other than the domestic chicken and turkey suggests the presence of a broader avian population at risk than previously indicated. Adult trumpeters and both young and old passerines housed in the same exhibit were not affected.
Animals↗
Magnetic resonance imaging techniques in children.
A method of scanning children using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is described. Besides detailing ways to keep the patient comfortable and relaxed, which also allows for better resolution, the authors point out the necessity to plan objectives before beginning the MRI study.
Adolescent↗