Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Rubin

Publications and source records attributed to R Rubin.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Knowles pinning of experimental femoral neck fractures: biomechanical study.

This experimental study demonstrates the rigidity and durability of Knowles pin fixation of femoral neck fractures. Embalmed proximal femora were utilized. A "fracture' was created by osteotomy, then reduced and fixed with Knowles pins. Four groups of reduction and pin configurations were created ("optimal reduction and pinning,' "poor reduction,' "inadequate pinning,' and "comminution') to simulate the clinical situation. With the Materials Testing Systems(MTS) machine, 3 months of walking by a patient with a femoral neck fracture were simulated. Results suggest that Knowles pinning of a femoral neck fracture can provide adequate support for immediate full weight-bearing ambulation until fracture healing. Stability and durability of fixation are compromised by loss of cortical bone support by "comminution,' short nonparallel pins not engaging the subchondral bone, and osteoporosis evidenced by a low Singh index.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

A comparison of cellular immunity in patients undergoing electrocoagulation and resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum.

Leukocyte migration inhibition assays in patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum were evaluated in patients treated by electrocoagulation, abdominoperineal resection or low anterior resection and those with Duke's A and B lesions. Assays were performed before treatment, immediately after treatment and two to four months later. No statistically significant differences in cell mediated immunity, measured by leukocyte migration inhibition, were noted between those in the electrocoagulated group and those undergoing resection. However, electrocoagulation does appear to cure some carcinomas of the rectum and does afford a superior quality of survival. It is, however, associated with a higher recurrence rate than resection. Therefore, the decision to use electrocoagulation should not be based upon its effect on immune parameters. Rather, the choice between electrocoagulation, local resection and abdominoperineal resectin is based upon clinical judgment in which the risk of recurrence or metastases must be weighed against a superior quality of survival.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Megaloblastic anemia as a result of an abnormal transcobalamin II (Cardeza).

A 34-year-old Black woman had severe megaloblastic anemia in childhood. Initially, and over the years, she responded well to massive doses of parenteral cobalamin (Cbl) or oral folic acid. Metabolic reactions involving Cbl and folate enzymes were normal during both relapse and remission except for the absence of thymidylate synthetase in relapse. Amino acid analyses of urine and plasma showed no significant abnormalities. Neither cystathionine, homocystine, formiminoglutamic acid, nor methylmalonic acid was detected in the urine. The serum Cbl level was repeatedly elevated even when the patient was receiving only folic acid therapy. The elevation of the vitamin in the serum was found to be a result of markedly increased levels of transcobalamin II (TC II), as identified by several physicochemical techniques. The patient's TC II-Cbl shared immunologic properties with normal TC II but did not facilitate or impede the uptake of Cbl or Cbl bound to normal TC II, respectively, by human cells.

Anemia, Macrocytic↗
PubMed1979

Adhesion of normal and sickle erythrocytes to endothelial monolayer cultures.

Experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that the differences between the surfaces of erythrocytes from normal and sickle cell patients are reflected in the degree of attachment to the capillary lining. An assay was used that measured the number of 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes (normal or sickle) attaching to a monolayer of endothelium cultured from calf aortas. Under these conditions, erythrocytes from sickle cell patients adhered better to the endothelium than did those from normal patients. The results suggested that the enhanced adhesion of the sickle cells to the endothelium may be partially responsible for the increased blockage of capillaries that produce the symptoms in sickle cell anemia.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1979

[Polychemotherapy of inoperable bronchogenic carcinoma: preliminary results (author's transl)].

Preliminary results indicate that BACO and SAKK are capable of inducing remission in 80-90% of cases of small-cell bronchogenic carcinoma; these remissions last for about 6 months and not only prolong, but improve the quality of, life. In view of the small number of cases so far observed no assessment can as yet be made of the superiority of one or the other method concerning the incidence and duration of remissions and survival time. In cases of squamous cell cancer the two therapeutic methods succeeded in only 30-40% of the patients in inducing partical remissions and they did not appear to improve the quality of life. The question whether the treatment actually prolongs life as compared with the natural course of the disease remains open.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

External cardiac compression. A randomized comparison of mechanical and manual techniques.

To compare the effectiveness of manual and mechanical chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 50 patients who suffered cardiac arrest were randomly allocated to receive manual or mechanical chest compression. Randomization was performed after failure of initial resuscitative measures but within ten minutes after the onset of cardiac arrest (mean, 6.4 +/- 1.2 min). Ten patients from each group survived longer than one hour following resuscitation. Three from the mechanical group and two from the manual group were eventually able to leave the hospital. Thus mechanical compression appears comparable with manual compression when manual compression is performed under ideal conditions. Mechanical chest compression may be employed when trained personnel are not readily available or where manual compression is technically difficult to perform.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1978

Freeze-etch localization and distribution of concanavalin A in normal and irreversibly sickled erythrocytes.

Normal red blood cells and irreversibly sickled red cells (ISCs) were incubated in Concanavalin A (Con A) prior to freeze-etching. The Con A molecules could be visualized on the cells without conjugating the Con A to a larger molecule. No differences in the number or distribution of the Con A binding sites were observed between normal red cells and ISCs. Moreover, the number and distribution of the intramembranous particles (IMP) present on the fracture face of the cytoplasmic membrane leaflet were the same in normal cells and ISCs. Thus, the membrane differences that do exist between normal red cells and ISCs in terms of cell shape and adhesiveness are not reflected in Con A binding or IMP number and distribution.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1978

Cerebral death.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1978

[Desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Peripheral eosinophilia in DIP: a new clinical aspect (author's transl)].

It were Liebow et al. (1965) who, for the first time, described the desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) as one clinical and morphological unit. The etiopathology of this disease is still unknown and there exist many controversial opinions as to its role within the interstitial pneumonias. For the clinical-physician the DIP represents a difficult problem because there seems to be no uniform appearance to this disease. So a lung-biopsy is the unique way to make a definitive diagnosis. The following description represents a case of DIP observed at our hospital. At the same time we tried to give a review of our present knowledge concerning the morphology, course and therapy of this disease. We think it should be note that the DIP was accompanied by an extreme peripheral eosinophilia. To our knowledge this is the first time such a phenomenon is described. In the course of the treatment with steroids the eosinophilia disappeared parallel to the normalization of the radiographic findings.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1978

Plating of canine scapular fractures.

The purpose in this study was to determine whether there was a significance difference between conservative management and plating of scapular body fractures. Bilateral scapular body fractures were created in 10 dogs. The left scapula in each dog was treated by open reduction and plating of the scapular spine. The right scapula was not treated. Plating enhanced healing and early return of function, but there was no significant difference in the long-term results.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Surgical management of thirty-nine children with lymphedema.

Thirty-nine children underwent staged excisional surgery for lymphedema. The procedures are described in detail. All the children operated on have improved and have a more normal appearance. The decrease in attacks of cellulitis and lymphangitis is striking. The morbidity of this simple procedure is negligible. The operation is tedious, fatiguing, anatomically unexciting, and has a vague end-point. At this time, staged subcutaneous excision appears to be the procedure of choice in moderate to severe lymphedema in children regardless of etiology or classification. The procedure is not a cure.

Adolescent↗