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Biomedical subjects

R Rossi

Publications and source records attributed to R Rossi.

683 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hereditary degenerative spinocerebellar syndrome with extrapyramidal symptoms].

The Authors present the linked effects of the diseases of the choreaic, parkinsonian, spinalcerebral series with those disturbances of psychic and neurovegetative nature. The discuss the difficulties of nosological grouping that this type of case presents. They conclude by affirming that in hereditary generative illnesses, as a result of the infinite number of combinations of possible symptoms and of the existence of many subdued forms, it is often of little use a forced categorization of cases into a particular clinical form.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro production of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) by Hep G2 hepatoblastoma cells.

This study shows that the human hepatoblastoma cell line Hep G2 constitutively expressed a high level of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) mRNA in the characteristic major 3.8 and minor 1.8 Kb forms. DNA analysis of the LIF gene from Hep G2 revealed no rearrangements. Production and secretion of significant concentrations of LIF were demonstrated by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) in culture supernatants of Hep G2 cells. The highest LIF concentration in culture was found at 48-h (250 pg/ml). LIF produced by Hep G2 cells was biologically active since cell-free culture supernatants were able to induce in vitro differentiation of the M1 murine myeloid leukemia cell line. On the contrary, no LIF mRNA expression was detected in normal liver cells by PCR analysis. Our results suggest that LIF acts on normal parenchymal hepatocytes through a paracrine mechanism and on Hep G2 cells by an autocrine action. Furthermore they indicate that the Hep G2 cell line could be an useful model for studying the LIF autocrine mechanism in hepatomas.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on the biological effects of ozone: 4. Cytokine production and glutathione levels in human erythrocytes.

We have investigated the effect of various concentrations of ozone on human blood aiming to correlate the production of cytokines with depletion of reduced glutathione and hemolysis. As erythrocytes constitute the bulk of blood cells and represent the main target of ozone they have been taken as a useful marker of its oxidative activity. It appears that a transient exposure (30 sec) of blood of up to 78 micrograms ozone per ml of blood does not depress the production of cytokines even though there is a slight increase of hemolysis and a small decrease of intracellular reduced glutathione. In contrast either a constant (up to 30 sec) exposure to an ozone flux or a high ozone concentration (108 micrograms/ml) markedly decreases reduced glutathione levels and depresses cytokine production.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Total gastrectomy: a comparison between manual and mechanical sutures].

The authors report their experience of the use of mechanical staplers in total gastrectomy. The advantages of their use can above all be seen in anastomosis, in particular in high-risk areas like esophago-jejunal anastomosis, in which there is a lower incidence of dehiscence and mortality than when manual suturing techniques are used.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carcinoma of the large intestine following ureterosigmoidostomy in a patient with bladder exstrophy].

The paper reports a case of intestinal occlusion due to adenocarcinoma of the large intestine as a sequel to ureterosigmoidostomy for exstrophy of the bladder which was subsequently converted to ureteroileocutaneostomy. Inadequate follow-up did not allow an early diagnosis to be made. The authors underline the need for annual colonoscopy in all patients suffering from or with previous ureterosigmoidostomy given the high incidence of malignant transformation of the colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The current role of neuroradiology in evaluating malformation syndromes].

CT and MRI play complementary roles in the study of malformation syndromes in pediatric age: CT in particular is indispensable for adequately assessing the skeletal picture in subjects suffering from cranio-facial malformations, while MRI allows a morphological study and supplies informations on the maturation state of the white matter.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Late radiation-induced injuries: breast carcinoma in post-actinic ulceration of the thoracic-breast region with infected osteoradionecrosis. A case report].

Severe skin reactions are commonly observed after breast irradiation. Chronic ulcerations, soft tissue damage and osteonecrosis are well-known though relatively rare long-term radiation-induced injuries. The ever-present possibility of recurrence or persistence of the primary malignant neoplasm within the irradiated tissue must be always suspected and adequately established by multiple biopsies before planning an eventual resective and or reconstructive strategy. In the present report a neoplastic recurrence arised from an extensive radiation-induced ulceration along the parasternal area with chest wall osteonecrosis complicated by infection in a 42 y.o. woman, who had received postoperative roentgen therapy a long time before for breast carcinoma and thyroid cancer, is described. Radiation-induced injuries and therapeutical options are discussed in relation to the site of the lesion and to the complexity of the single case. In conclusion, when recurrent malignancy is present, although the long-term prognosis may be poor, the quality of life of many patients undoubtedly may be improved by a multidisciplinary approach involving oncologysts, as well as general, thoracic and plastic surgeons.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and instrumental diagnosis of Alzheimer's and multi-infarct dementia].

We investigated the possible correlation between functional and anatomical imaging techniques and clinical exams in patients with Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. We examined 24 patients affected with dementia, 16 of them with Alzheimer's disease. 7 with multiinfarct and 1 with mixed dementia. All patients were submitted to clinical, morphological (MRI, CT) and functional (SPECT, cerebral flowmetry) studies. The severity of hypoperfusion revealed by SPECT was highly correlated with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's dementia patients. The abnormal perfusion was mostly bilateral, in the temporal-parietal region, and involved the frontal regions only in the most severe cases. CT and especially MRI showed aspecific cortical and subcortical atrophy, most evident in the medial temporal region. In the patients with multiinfarct dementia, the hypoperfused cortical regions revealed by SPECT were sometimes related to vascular lesions proved at MRI and CT. In the patients with multiinfarct dementia, MRI showed more or less apparent white matter lesions referrable to ischemic insult, besides cortical and subcortical atrophy. MRI allows a differential diagnosis between these two cerebral pathologic conditions of aging. Cerebral flowmetry by Xenon 133 inhalation showed reduced cerebral blood flow in both dementia types. In Alzheimer patients, regional flow was reduced especially in the posterior parietal regions. In multiinfarct dementia patients, flow was more diffusely reduced and asymmetrical. Brain function imaging appears to yield useful information for the differential diagnosis in the most common dementia syndromes. Since the neuropathologic data from brain biopsy are rarely available, clinical and instrumental findings must be integrated for diagnostic and pathogenetic insights of the diseases causing cognitive impairment.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The alkylating antitumor drug tallimustine does not induce DNA repair.

Tallimustine, an alkylating benzoyl mustard derivative of distamycin A (FCE 24517), is a novel anti-tumor agent. Both its cytotoxic activity against human LoVo cells and nicking efficiency on isolated plasmid DNA were studied in relation to hyperthermic treatment and compared to the effect of doxorubicin, a known non-alkylating anti-tumor agent. The results of this analysis indicate that the cytotoxic activity of tallimustine reflects its direct interaction with the DNA target. The ability of tallimustine to induce DNA repair in human primary normal fibroblasts was monitored by determining both the stimulation of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) and the ability to reactivate a plasmid containing a reporter gene, treated in vitro with tallimustine, in comparison with the effect of UV-C irradiation. The results suggest that human cells able to repair UV-damage arc unable to overcome DNA damage induced by tallimustine. Therefore, the hypothesis that the biological activity of tallimustine is related to its alkylating properties is further supported by the temperature studies and strengthened by the observed inability of cells to repair tallimustine-induced DNA damage.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous innervation and the role of neuronal peptides in cutaneous inflammation: a minireview.

Noxious stimuli may directly activate peripheral nerve endings of primary sensory neurons. Such impulses are conveyed centrally as well as, through antidromic axon-reflexes, peripherally where they release pro-inflammatory neuropeptides that cause the set of changes collectively referred to as "neurogenic inflammation". These peptides are able to regulate cutaneous inflammatory processes. Thus, for instance, quantitative variations in cutaneous levels of some neuropeptides, such as calcitonin gene-related peptide, neuropeptide Y, substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, neurokinin A and somatostatin, have been found in lesional skin in a number of dermatoses. In addition, they may also serve as selective markers of nerve fiber degeneration and regeneration, and they can also act as trophic agents.

Dermatitis↗