Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Rossi.
The method of SCE was used as an indicator of the possible mutagenic activity of lead acetate in in vitro cultures of human lymphocytes. After determining the optimal concentration of BUdR, the cultures were treated with increasing doses of the metal. The negative results obtained with this method led us to examine other parameters, in particular the classical cytogenetic aberrations.
Hewitt's method for disinfection of the large intestine is described and a personal series of 84 total isoperistaltic washings carried out at the University of Milan 1st Surgical Pathology Department in the period July 1976 to May 1977 prior to surgery or diagnostic examination (manometry, pancolonscopy, barium enema etc.) is presented. The results confirmed the effectiveness and harmlessness of the method. Personal modifications permitting its wider application in large intestine diagnosis and surgery are mentioned. A personal method for selective radiological visualisation of the ileum and colon employing enterolusis is explained.
A personal technique for the selective visualisation of the ileum and colon by means of total isoperistaltic enterolusis is described. Various cases and pathological conditions in which the method can most usefully be employed and its advantages with respect to conventional techniques are illustrated. These include a reduced risk of perforation in some instances and the possibility of carrying out a physiological examination of various aspects of intestinal function.
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We present an experience with 20 patients undergoing interposition mesocaval shunts for decompression of esophageal varices. There were 14 men and six women, ranging in age from 32 to 80 years. Two patients were classified as good risks, nine as moderate risks, and nine as poor risks. There were ten elective operations, seven urgent operations, and three emergency procedures. An operative mortality of 10% was noted in the entire group, with one late death due to shunt occlusion. All deaths occured in the emergency group. A shunt patency of 88% and minimal problems with postoperative hepatic encephalopathy were noted. The interposition mesocaval shunt is judged to be a safe, technically easy procedure that is currently a satisfactory solution to the problem of hemorrhage from esophageal varices.
Screening stools for gallstones in patients with acute pancreatitis has been found to be a valuable diagnostic procedure in clinical practice. It is particularly helpful to know that a patient with pancreatitis has gallstones and, therefore, the disease is probably caused by the passage of these stones. A detailed description of the technique employed for stool screening is presented. The procedure was applied in 51 patients recovering from an attack of gallstone pancreatitis,in 51 control patients with known gallstones disease but without acute pancreatitis, and also in 10 patients with acute alcoholic pancreatitis Gallstones were found in the feces in 47 of the 51 patients with gallstone pancreatitis (92.1%), in only 6 of the 51 control cases (11.8%) (chi square = 62.84; P less than 0.0001), and in none of the 10 patients with alcoholic pancreatitis. In the group with gallstone pancreatitis, the finding occurred within 10 days after the attack. Oral cholecystography was also accomplished an average of 12.7 days after the attack in 38 of the 61 pancreatitis patients (28 with biliary and 10 with alcoholic pancreatitis). In 27 of the 28 patients with gallstone pancreatitis (96.4%) and in 4 of the 10 patients with alcoholic pancreatitis, radiologic evidence of cholelithiasis was found. There were 19 patients with gallstone pancreatitis who did not have a cholecystogram accomplished because of jaundice, recurrent pancreatitis, previous cholecystectomy, and pregnancy. These results suggest that screening stools is as accurate and reliable as cholecystography for the diagnosis of gallstones in individuals with pancreatitis. In addition, this method has three definite advantages over cholecystography: There are no contraindications; it requires no special equipment or personnel; and it can be used much earlier than cholecystography in patients recovering from an attack of acute pancreatitis. Screening stools for gallstones should be considered an elective diagnostic procedure for current clinical application.
Two cases of idiopathic cardiomyopathy in children are described. Although classifiable respectively as of the non-obstructive or dilating type (in case 1) and of the restrictive type (in case 2), some peculiar clinical and angiocardiographic aspects could be found which differentiated them from the typical forms. In case 1 multiple semilunar dilatations were present at the posterobasal level of the left ventricle. In case 2 the restriction of the ventricular chamber with markedly reduced compliance affected only the left ventricle, with marked dilatation of the left atrium and right side cavities. As occurs in the field of idiopathic cardiomyopathies, intermediate forms of anatomical variations can be found with clinical and angiographic atypical features.
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The results of three years of bacteriological monitoring in the Department of Paediatric Surgery at the Ospedale Maggiore Ca'Granda in Milan are reported. The tests carried out involved the patients (faeces, urine, and pus cultures), the environment (operating theatre, incubators), and healthy carriers (upper respiratory tract of nursing and paramedical staff). The aetiopathogenesis of the post-operative infectious complications that occurred in 1974-1975 was investigated with the aid of surveys of the causative pathogens, the type of the surgical interventions, the atmospheric pollution in the operating theatre (mean indicative values), the number of operations per month, and the frequency of positive findings among the carriers. As a parallel investigation, between 1971 and the time of writing of this report the authors monitored the resistance to gentamicin of bacteria belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae isolated from patients, in view of the constant threat posed by the vicinity of the burns department.
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In a cross cultural comparison of diagnostic concepts, we obtained from 45 expert italian psychiatrits symptom rating profiles, in terms of B.P.R.S., of the 12 most used diagnostic categories. While for 11 diagnostic concepts agreement was reasonably good, for cycloïd psychosis the variability of results supported the conclusion that this diagnostic concept is rather non specific among italian psychiatrists.
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