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Biomedical subjects

R Rogers

Publications and source records attributed to R Rogers.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Pain clinic #14. Fibromyalgia and myofascial pain: either, neither, or both?

Musculoskeletal pain syndromes and the accompanying physical and emotional sequelae are frequent reasons for self-medication and physician visits. Most musculoskeletal pain syndromes are self-limited, periodically flaring up and subsiding. Fibrositis and myofascial pain syndromes, which affect a significant number of patients with musculoskeletal pain, should be clinically differentiated to reduce unnecessary work-ups and improve patient management at reduced costs. The more common pain locations are reviewed, and a cost-effective, comprehensive approach to management is outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Increased circulating atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) release during induced ventricular tachycardia.

During sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), there is usually a rise in mean atrial pressure. Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a peptide released by the atria in response to increased atrial pressure or distension. ANF causes arterial vasodilation and natriuresis in man, and may contribute to the polyuria noted during tachycardia. We hypothesized that induction of sustained VT would cause elevation of right atrial pressure and lead to increased release of ANF. We measured mean arterial pressure, right atrial pressure, VT cycle length, atrial cycle length, plasma norepinephrine, and central ANF in 11 patients during 20 episodes of VT. The mean cycle length of induced tachycardia was 335 +/- 15 msec, with a mean atrial cycle length of 547 +/- 43 msec. Baseline plasma ANF was 70 +/- 11 femtomoles per milliliter and increased to 133 +/- 22 fmol/ml (p less than 0.001) after 4 minutes of VT. There was a decrease in mean arterial pressure from 87 +/- 3 to 66 +/- 3 mm Hg, and a rise in mean right atrial pressure from 4.0 +/- 0.8 to 11 +/- 1 mm Hg (p less than 0.001). The change in plasma ANF was quite variable among individual patients and was correlated with changes in mean right atrial pressure but poorly correlated with changes in mean arterial pressure, plasma norepinephrine, and atrial cycle length. Our data demonstrate that significant increased in ANF levels occur during sustained VT and are associated with increased right atrial pressure.

Atrial Function↗
PubMed1988

Forensic psychiatrists' and psychologists' understanding of insanity: misguided expertise?

The ability of mental health experts to consult on insanity cases is highly dependent on their accurate understanding of the current Canadian standard. The study surveyed experienced forensic psychiatrists and psychologists and found the majority (88%) had erroneous beliefs regarding the insanity standard. Results of a discriminant analysis suggest that experience with insanity evaluations and courtroom testimony may improve experts' understanding. Implications of these results are discussed with respect to professional training and public policy.

Canada↗
PubMed1988

Command hallucinations and criminality: a clinical quandary.

Clinical literature on the role of command hallucinations in producing antisocial behavior is sparse and fragmented. This article reviews exploratory models of auditory hallucinations and the prevalence of command hallucinations in clinical and forensic settings. In addition, clinical guidelines are offered for assessing the authenticity of command hallucinations and their relevance to criminal behavior within the context of forensic evaluations.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1986

Multiple schedule of affective disorders and schizophrenia (SADS) in the assessment of criminal defendants.

Psychiatric and psychological assessment of criminal defendants is often complicated by the retrospective nature requiring an overreliance on self-reported data and the need to achieve a high degree of certainty in formulating the diagnosis and subsequent expert opinion within the context of an adversarial evaluation. The Multiple Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) evaluation involves the application of an extensive diagnostic interview that has demonstrated a high degree of reliability and satisfactory validity in making current and lifetime diagnoses. The multiple SADS entails sequential administrations of the SADS, first to the defendant and later to significant others regarding the defendant's functioning during the time period in question. This comprehensive approach allows for the systematic examination of individual symptoms and the clear delineation of disparities and areas of agreement. Usefulness of the multiple SADS evaluation is exemplified in a case study involving criminal responsibility.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Board games.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Nursing Services↗
PubMed1984

Use of the SADS diagnostic interview in evaluating legal insanity.

Examined clinical usefulness of the SADS diagnostic interview in evaluations of criminal responsibility. Findings, based on 78 SADS evaluations from a specialized forensic clinic, indicated that SADS successfully differentiated between sane and insane evaluatees. These differences were found primilarily in the severity of psychotic symptoms and overall level of psychological impairment. In addition, preliminary data on institutionalized and outpatient Ss suggested the potential applicability of the SADS for assessing the general psychological functioning of insane patients in treatment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

The RCRAS and legal insanity: a cross-validation study.

Examined the RCRAS as an empirically based approach to insanity evaluations. Previous research has been encouraging with regard to the RCRAS' interrater reliability and construct validity. The present study, with a larger data base (N = 111), sought to cross-validate these findings. Results from five forensic centers established satisfactory reliability for the RCRAS (mean kappa r = .80 for decision variables for criminal responsibility) and differentiating patterns for four of the five scales between sane and insane patient-defendants. Results further suggested that the RCRAS was generalizable across age, sex, criminal behavior, and location of the forensic evaluation. These findings were discussed with respect to the potential clinical utility of the RCRAS.

Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders↗