Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Rogers

Publications and source records attributed to R Rogers.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Dangerousness and command hallucinations: an investigation of psychotic inpatients.

Forensic consultations with psychotic inpatients frequently include issues of risk management, such as dangerousness and civil commitment. An important dimension of these consultations is the role of command hallucinations in producing an increased risk of aggressive behavior. In the present study, psychotic patients with command hallucinations (N = 27) were compared with patients with other hallucinations (N = 27) and with other psychotic patients (N = 30). The groups did not differ on aggressive behavior or most nonhallucinatory symptoms. However, most patients (84.0%) with command hallucinations had recently obeyed them. Among those with command hallucinations, almost one-half had heard and attempted to obey messages of self-harm during the last month.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Detection of misreported drug use in forensic populations: an overview of hair analysis.

Criminal and civil forensic evaluations are frequently complicated by misreported (denied or exaggerated) substance abuse. This article provides an introduction to the use of radioimmunoassay of hair (RIAH). RIAH with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry confirmation is superior to the more commonly employed urinalysis in its (1) wider window of detection, (2) ability to provide a chronology of substance abuse, and (3) resistance to countermeasures. The potential implications of the RIAH procedure to retrospective and prospective forensic evaluations are discussed.

Forensic Psychiatry↗
PubMed1996

Predicting aggressive and socially disruptive behavior in a maximum security forensic psychiatric hospital.

The predictive utility of Hare, Hart, and Cox's Psychopathy Checklist Screening Version (PCL:SV) was assessed utilizing a sample of forensic psychiatric patients from Vernon State Hospital in Vernon, Texas. A sample of 55 patients were interviewed and rated on the PCL:SV. During a six month follow up, occurrences of self-harm (suicide attempts and self mutilation), aggression (verbal abuse and threats, irritability, belligerence, and fighting) escape potential (threats and attempts), and treatment refusal (medication, tests, and physician's appointments) were rated. Separate stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed utilizing patient's age, type of charges, documented history of alcohol/drug abuse and the PCL:SV as predictor variables. Results indicate that the PCL:SV is predictive of aggression and treatment noncompliance.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Serial cardiorespiratory exercise testing in patients with congenital heart disease.

Aerobic capacity of patients with different forms of congenital heart disease was serially evaluated in 79 patients and the evolution was correlated with the lesion and the level of daily activity. The patients were divided into six groups: patients with a small ventricular septal defect (VSD) with mini shunt (n = 14), mild pulmonary valve stenosis with gradient < 40 mm Hg (PS) (n = 12), mild to moderate aortic valve stenosis (gradient 36 +/- 17 mmHg) (AS) (n = 12), patients 4.7 +/- 2.1 years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot (PO-TF) (n = 16), patients 2.2 +/- 2.9 years after closure of a high flow/high gradient VSD (PO-VSD) (n = 13), and patients 2.6 +/- 1.7 years after Fontan repair (Fontan-PO) (n = 12). Aerobic capacity was assessed by determination of the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT). VAT reflects the highest aerobic exercise level prior to a disproportionate increase of CO2 and ventilation relative to O2 uptake; it is independent of patient motivation. Data are expressed as percentage of normal O2 uptake at VAT, determined in 234 age/gender matched controls. The habitual level of physical activity was assessed by a standardised questionnaire. Aerobic capacity in all subgroups of patients, even with very mild defects, was at or below the lower limit of normal. Children left unrestricted from physical exercise (VSD, PS, PO-VSD) had no change over the study period. However, aerobic capacity of patients with medically imposed physical restrictions (AS) and significant residual haemodynamic lesions (PO-TF, Fontan) decreased with age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Initial validation of the Personality Assessment Inventory-Spanish version with clients from Mexican American communities.

Psychological assessment of Hispanic populations are thwarted by the absence of clinical research on comparability of Spanish translations and the stability of their findings. In this study we examined the potential usefulness of the Spanish Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991) for Hispanic clients residing in Mexican American communities. We administered the Spanish version on two occasions to 48 monolingual clients and the Spanish and English versions to 21 bilingual clients. Results indicated that the clinical scales had a moderate to good correspondence for Spanish-English (M r = .72) and good test-retest reliability for Spanish-Spanish (M r = .79). Much more variation was observed for the validity scales and the treatment/interpersonal scales. Also more variability was observed in the convergence of elevations across administrations. Because of these mixed results, we discuss the potential usefulness of the PAI clinical scales to screen for major psychopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Interaction of the criminal justice system and psychiatric professionals in which civil commitment standards are prohibitive.

Three case studies are the basis for a discussion of the criminalization hypothesis as it may apply to psychiatric probationers and parolees in the criminal justice system. In each of these cases, the treating psychiatrist faced the problems of noncompliance with treatment and/or restrictive civil commitment standards. The patient's status as a probationer or parolee played a pivotal role in strategies for ensuring treatment through the criminal justice system as opposed to the mental health system or civil commitment process.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Determinations of dangerousness in forensic patients: an archival study.

The involvement of mental health professionals in determinations of dangerousness is both common and controversial. Among the various contexts for these evaluations, the release of potentially violent forensic patients from maximum security facilities evokes justified concern from involved experts and apprehension to outrage from the immediate community. We sought to examine how conclusions are reached on dangerousness at two sequential stages: clinical recommendations and Manifest Dangerousness Hearings decisions. In an archival study of 245 patients, we found that lack of progress in the institution and physical assaultiveness were the strongest correlates with dangerousness. In contrast, experts and review boards appeared to be relatively less influenced by diagnosis, types of treatment, and sociodemographic variables.

Adult↗