Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Rogers.
Metrifonate, an organophosphorus compound, caused a decline in the number of microfilariae in domestic cats experimentally infected with Brugia pahangi. It was found that the drug was active against both microfilariae and macrofilariae, but probably its greatest effect was on the macrofilarial stages. It is suggested that the drug should be used in filarial infections of man on a trial basis.
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The microbial flora of fresh, unsterile, dough products held at refrigeration temperatures was compared with the microbial flora of the same products that had spoiled spontaneously. Various methods based on selective media were used to determine molds, yeasts, and bacteria present. Except for two special cases in which a yeast and Penicillium roqueforti induced spoilage, all of the samples deteriorated because of bacterial growth. A total of 1,132 bacterial isolates was subjected to further classification. In the spoiled products, 92% of the isolates belonged to the Lactobacillaceae. More than one-half of these (53%) belonged to the genus Lactobacillus, and an additional 36% were in the genus Leuconostoc. In the genus Leuconostoc almost all of the strains (94%) were L. mesenteroides. The third most common genus present was Streptococcus, represented by 3% of the total isolates. A preliminary taxonomic study of the microflora of refrigerated dough products revealed none of the isolates to be indicators of fecal contamination and none to be forms known to produce toxins. The highest counts encountered in the moist, fresh products were up to 200 million lactic acid bacteria per g in buttermilk biscuits, with a psychrophilic count as high as 4.8 million. In the spoiled samples, the highest total counts were 820 million in buttermilk biscuits. Mold counts were no higher than 1,800, except in the sample ruined by P. roqueforti where the count was 130,000 mold colonies.
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Rats trained to run an alley for a food reward were extinguished following injections of different antidepressants. When retested several days later, the animals extinguished following pretreatment with the NE reuptake blocker protriptyline showed faster running speeds than did the other groups. Other rats given electrical shocks following pretreatment with protriptyline avoided the compartment in which they had been shocked less than did animals shocked following pretreatment with other antidepressants. This implies an interferance with some aspect of the learning or consolidation process which is correlated with the degree of NE reuptake blockage. It is hypothesized that NE terminals are deactivated following frustrative nonreward or punishment by the conversion and reuptake of the released NE to an altered extinction molecule.
Biosynthetic human insulin (BHI) produced by recombinant DNA technology was administered subcutaneously and intravenously at two dose levels to two groups, each consisting of six normal men. Responses were compared with those for purified pork insulin (PPI) given by the same routes at the same dose levels to the same two groups. The glycemic response to the insulins was similar with a suggestion (seen both with intravenous and subcutaneous administration) that the glycemic depression with BHI was slightly greater at low dose and less at high dose. No significant difference between insulin types was found in the depression of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations, although significant differences between types with low-dose subcutaneous injection emerged during the later phases of the experiment. After termination of high-rate infusion with both insulins, NEFA concentrations rose more rapidly with some overshoot, suggesting that the rate and depth of blood glucose fall in these experiments might have triggered a brisker counterregulatory response. The small differences found between human and pork insulins, although in some cases significant, are unlikely to be of clinical importance.
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Autoimmune destruction and resultant failure of multiple organ systems constitute an uncommon entity known as type II polyglandular failure. Occasionally, the syndrome is familial, and in the kindreds studied, individual patients have manifested different sets of the associated diseases. We describe a large family in which the presence of HLA-DR4 was associated with development of this syndrome. More commonly, HLA-DR3 has been associated with type II polyglandular failure. The probands are monozygotic twin sisters in whom an identical set of autoimmune diseases occurred in the same order of onset and at approximately the same age. These data suggest that not only do specific factors predispose to this syndrome but also distinct factors determine which individual diseases are expressed.
Nursing models can provide direction to the practicing nurse. In this article, the process of selecting a nursing model is outlined. Noteworthy is the need for administrative support in this process in terms of providing release time, adequate coverage of the unit, scheduling, secretarial support, praise, and encouragement. It is suggested that nurses from various levels form an ad hoc committee so that there be representatives from both management and staff nurses as well as those who have been exposed to the use of models on the committee. Initially, the committee members should examine beliefs about nursing, the client, and the environment so that the model selected will reflect the beliefs and goals of the staff. Factors to consider in model selection are outlined so that the selected model will provide direction to each phase of the nursing process. Once a model is selected, it is recommended that individuals with experience in using it be approached to share their successes and difficulties. It is imperative that staff nurses be involved in the decision-making process.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.