Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Roessler

Publications and source records attributed to R Roessler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Measuring "humanism" in medical residents.

The American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) has charged directors of residency programs with evaluating "humanistic attributes" in residents seeking certification. To investigate whether traditional measures of residents' performance assess humanistic attributes, 38 second- and third-year medical residents completed the Totalitarian-Authoritarian-Dogmatism (TAD) and Rokeach tests for attitudinal assessment. Five primary sources were used to measure performance. When the measures of performance and attitude were correlated, two negative correlations with "antipathy toward patients" were found: professional maturity (r = -.43, P less than .01) and compassion and concern for patients (r = -.35, P less than .04). The TAD Opinionnaire and the special performance evaluation detect "nonhumanistic dimensions" that routine faculty assessments do not. Since the new Likert scale distributed by ABIM does not differ materially from the rating form used at Baylor for 2 1/2 years, it is unlikely that "humanistic attributes" will be measured by the ABIM's new scale.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1976

Voice predicts affect during psychotherapy.

This study examined the relationship between emotions and the frequency and power characteristics of the voice in psychotherapy. The intensity of fear, anger, depression, and total affect in each of four interviews with one patient was rated every 20 seconds on a nine-point scale. Significant agreement among judges was achieved. Voice samples from each epoch in which there was sufficient speech were subjected to spectral analysis of the frequencies between 0 and 1000 HZ. These spectra were scored for nine frequency and power parameters. Multiple linear regression equations were then developed from two interviews, using the nine voice spectral variables as predictors and the mean ratings for each affect as the criterion variables. Significant multiple correlations were achieved between every rated affect and various combinations of voice variables. The beta weights and constants from these equations were then employed in the successful prediction of levels of anger, fear, depression, and total affect in one interview, and the levels of depression and total affect in another interview. In addition, epochs of conflict differed from "pure" affect epochs, and pure epochs of anger, fear, and depression differed from each other in various frequency and power characteristics of the voice. Voice spectral measures may be an objective means of identifying and quantifying affect in psychotherapy.

Affect↗
PubMed1975

Physiologic correlates of affect during psychotherapy.

Eight physiologic parameters were correlated with global ratings of affect intensity in four psychotherapeutic interviews with one patient. Highly significant covariation of affect with five of the eight physiologic parameters was obtained. It was concluded that affect intensity may be a useful psychologic parameter in studying psychophysiologic relationships in psychotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Intellectual and attitudinal characteristics of medical students selecting family practice.

Family practice residents were compared with residents in internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics-gynecology, and pediatrics in terms of cognitive and non-cognitive characteristics. Family practice residents were in most instances significantly different from the other four groups. On non-cognitive measures they scored higher on affiliation need and lower on aggression and materialism. Their scores on several cognitive measures were among the highest of the five groups. These results were contrary to others from earlier studies. However, if the trend reported here is confirmed on other samples, it is the more intellectually gifted and idealistic physician who is currently being attracted to the practice of family medicine.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗