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Biomedical subjects

R Reed

Publications and source records attributed to R Reed.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Aging, abstinence, and medical risk factors in the prediction of neuropsychologic deficit among long-term alcoholics.

Halstead-Reitan assessments were conducted with 71 male alcoholics sober for four weeks, 65 alcoholics sober for four years, and 68 nonalcoholics. Recently detoxified alcoholics showed learning and problem-solving difficulties, as did older persons in all groups. Aging, not alcoholism, was related to psychomotor slowing. There were no age-alcohol interactions for any neuropsychologic test. Time since last drink predicted neuropsychologic performance modestly, as did head injury, age, and education. Long-term sober alcoholics were indistinguishable from controls. Our results suggest that alcoholics abstinent one month suffer a subacute alcohol-related organic mental disorder that might resolve with prolonged abstinence, that the neuropsychologic findings in such alcoholics are more consistent with an "independent decrements" rather than "premature aging" hypothesis, and that neuromedical and other risk factors must be considered before permanent neuropsychologic deficit among alcoholics can be attributed solely to neurotoxic effects of alcohol.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Subcutaneous hyphomycosis caused by Scytalidium hyalinum.

Scytalidium hyalinum is a hyaline species of the genus Scytalidium. It first was described as a cause of skin and nail infection in humans. In this report, the authors describe the first case of subcutaneous hyphomycosis with multiple cyst formation caused by this fungus. The patient is a 54-year old man who has Reiter's syndrome, liver cirrhosis, and coronary artery disease. He was receiving azathioprine and prednisone for arthritis. The pathology, mycology, and clinical course are discussed.

Cysts↗
PubMed1984

Deficient learning and memory in early and middle phases of multiple sclerosis.

Forty-three patients with multiple sclerosis showed disturbances in short-term memory, learning, and delayed recall which were associated with years of active disease (average was 4.5 years), age, presence of flareup, but not steroid/ACTH treatment. Unrecognised memory loss might be prevalent early in the natural history of multiple sclerosis and deserves neuropsychological assessment.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1983

Immunoregulatory properties of antigenic fragments from bovine serum albumin.

Regulation of the immune response to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by defined substructures of the protein was investigated. The fragments consisted of 41 to 307 amino acids each bearing unique serologic determinants. When administered intravenously the fragments were capable of suppressing the immune response to the entire BSA molecule. The suppression was T-cell mediated and affected the determinants that were linked. The fragments also primed for a secondary anti-BSA response when given in adjuvant; however, the ability to prime was restricted to determinants on the immunizing fragment. The data demonstrate that immune responses to a large protein molecule can be regulated by a relatively small component of its structure and that the ability of a fragment to induce help is more restricted than is its suppressive potential.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

comparative analysis of cellular respiratory inhibition by substituted phenylglyoxal-bis-(4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone) zinc chelates.

Fourteen para-substituted phenylglyoxal-bis-(4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone) zinc chelates have been synthesized as inhibitors of cellular respiration and therefore as potential antineoplastic agents. Each chelate has been evaluated as an inhibitor of Ehrlich ascites tumor cell and of rat liver slice respiration. The molar I50 values for respiratory inhibition have been subjected to computerized correlation to delineate quantitative relationships between biological activity and chemical structure. Activity against the tumor cell model is characterized by a positive lipophilic and a detrimental steric influence while activity against rat liver slice displays only a weak positive lipophilic effect. Quantitative comparative analysis suggests that selective action against the tumor cell system can be improved by substituents which are electron withdrawing and lipophilic in nature.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Transposon-specified site-specific recombination.

Cointegrate DNA molecules containing two copies of a transposable element appear to be intermediates in the transposition process. These structures are resolved by site-specific recombination to yield the normal end products of transposition. The transposable element gamma delta (Tn1000) synthesizes a product interchangeable with the Tn1/3tnpR protein in promoting Tn1/3 site-specific recombination. These data support the hypothesis that cointegrates containing directly repeated copies of Tn1/3 are obligatory intermediates in interreplicon transposition of Tn1/3. In addition, we show here that the reaction is independent of the element-encoded tnpA gene product. Tn501, which specifies mercury resistance, also produces cointegrates as intermediates in interreplicon transposition. The appearance of Tn501-specified recombination activity that can act on these cointegrates requires growth of cells in the presence of Hg2+.

DNA Transposable Elements↗
PubMed1982

Calcium oxalate microcrystalline-associated arthritis in end-stage renal disease.

Chronic renal failure is known to be associated with secondary hyperoxalemia and the deposition of calcium oxalate in visceral organs, bones, and cartilage. We report the identification of calcium oxalate crystals in the synovial fluid of three patients with chronic renal failure. In one patient, calcium oxalate crystals were also identified within synovium and cartilage. Crystals were pleomorphic and bipyramidal. Some crystals were rod-like and had positive birefringence, thus tending to be confused with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate when observed with only compensated polarized light microscopy. In one patients asymptomatic effusions were associated with joint capsule calcification, but otherwise normal knee radiographs. The other two patients had bilateral knee pain, one having coexistent features of osteoarthritis and the other chondrocalcinosis. Samples of proliferative synovium, joint capsule, and cartilage from the patient with chondrocalcinosis showed abundant calcium oxalate crystals, and not calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate or calcium hydroxyapatite. Thus, radiographically typical chondrocalcinosis may be due to calcium oxalate. Joint disease in chronic renal failure may be associated with calcium oxalate as well as the previously recognized apatite deposition.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Antibody production and antigenic specific suppression to bovine serum albumin in uremic rats.

Antibody response and antigen specific suppression to bovine serum albumin (BSA) in uremic rats have been investigated. Primary immune response was found to be significantly reduced independent of the route of administration or adjuvant while secondary response was affected only in animals in which a weak adjuvant such as Al(OH)3 was used. Antigen specific suppression of uremic rats was achieved by intravenous pretreatment with BSA or a C terminal fragment (505-582) of BSA. Secondary response in sham operated controls was suppressed by BSA but not by the fragment. There was about five-fold greater retention of the fragments in the uremic rats than in sham-operated controls at a 6 hr or later after i.v. administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Limited squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: a Southwest Oncology Group randomized study of radiation with or without doxorubicin chemotherapy and with or without levamisole immunotherapy.

In 1976, the Southwest Oncology Group activated a four-arm randomized study of limited squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The purpose of this study was to determine if doxorubicin and/or levamisole added to radiation therapy improved the local control rate and survival in patients with limited squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Of the 107 eligible patients, 15 (14%) had complete responses and 20 (19%) had partial responses. When compared by chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and performance status, no statistically significant difference was found in response rates or in survival. Although not statistically significant, the survival and response rates of patients in the combined levamisole arms were shorter than those of patients in the combined arms not containing levamisole. Patients receiving radiation therapy alone had the best survival. The irradiated field was the site of failure in 68 (88%) of the 77 patients in whom the site of failure was specified. Fifty (65%) of the patients failed in the radiation therapy field only. Chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy as employed in this protocol were of no benefit.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the effect of WIC supplemental feeding on birth weight.

This study examined the impact of pregnant women's participation in a WIC supplemental feeding program on the birth weight of infants. Data on 1,328 WIC and non-WIC participants were collected from a retrospective review of medical and/or nutrition records. Participation of women in WIC was associated with a positive and significant increment in birth weight of their infants.

Adolescent↗