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Biomedical subjects

R R Fieve

Publications and source records attributed to R R Fieve.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Lithium pharmacokinetics, duration of therapy, and the adenylate cyclase system.

The elimination half-life of lithium carbonate in red blood cells, plasma, and urine was measured in 30 patients hospitalized for primary affective disorders. The duration of lithium treatment at the time of sampling was found to have a direct effect on lengthening time-course. Those on their initial course of lithium had the lowest half-lives (in days): 1.12 (urine), 1.28 (plasma), and 1.22 (red blood cells); those with less than 1 year of lithium had intermediate values: 1.85, 1.65, and 1.75, and those with more than 1 year of continuous lithium administration had the highest mean half-lives: 2.40, 2.43, and 2.24. The significance of these results for urine (p less than 0.01) and plasma (p less than 0.05) indicates further evidence that lithium may stimulate the production of an endogenous regulator of lithium efflux. 8 of these patients had lumbar punctures before lithium administration: those with previous treatment with lithium had higher mean cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels than those taking it for the first time. These results are discussed in the context of the possible mechanisms of lithium action.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1982

Lithium prophylaxis of depression in unipolar, bipolar II, and cyclothymic patients.

The authors assessed lithium's prophylactic effect against depression in unipolar (N = 43), bipolar II (N = 102), and cyclothymic (N = 69) patients using a longitudinal life-table analysis and calculated the probability of remaining free of a depressive episode. The probability of remaining free of one depressive episode after 2 years of taking lithium ranged from 42% to 55% for the bipolar II patients, 31% to 42% for the unipolar patients, and 26% to 36% for the cyclothymic patients. The average probability of suffering one depressive episode severe enough to require either pharmacologic intervention or hospitalization in a 2-year period was 51% for the bipolar II patients, 64% for the unipolar patients, and 69% for the cyclothymic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Assortative mating in affective disorders.

Assortative mating was determined in 170 spouses of patients with major affective illness (bipolar and unipolar). An increase in affective disorders was found in both wives of affected men and husbands of affected women. The data suggest that assortative mating is present in the familial transmission of affective disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Lithium elimination half-life and duration of therapy.

The elimination half-life (t1/2E) of lithium carbonate in red blood cells, plasma, and urine was measured in 30 patients hospitalized for primary affective disorder. Duration of Li treatment at time of sampling was found to have a direct effect on lengthening time course. Patients on their initial course of Li had the lowest t1/2s: 1.12 (urine), 1.28 (plasma), and 1.22 days (red blood cells); those less than 1 yr on Li had intermediate values: 1.85, and 1.65, and 1.75 days; and those more than 1 continuous year on Li had the longest mean t1/2s: 2.40, 2.43, and 2.24 days. These results for urine (p less than 0.01) and plasma (p less than 0.05) are further evidence that Li may stimulate the production of an endogenous regulator of Li efflux. This regulator may prove to be an important factor in planning of long-term Li prophylaxis.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Suppression of amphetamine-induced EEG arousal in the hippocampus of haloperidol-treated rabbits.

Changes of hippocampal EEG activity resulting from administration of d-amphetamine were investigated in rabbits before, during and after chronic treatment with haloperidol. Cross-zero analysis of EEG data showed that chronic treatment with haloperidol (3 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 9 days) attenuated the amphetamine-induced increase in hippocampal theta rhythm. The increase of theta activity by amphetamine was fully restored 30 days after withdrawal of haloperidol. Further, haloperidol reduced the incidence of spontaneous theta rhythm in 3 out of 4 animals. It is suggested that the enhancement of hippocampal theta by d-amphetamine is mediated in part by dopaminergic mechanisms which are susceptible to the action of haloperidol.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Course and relationship of lithium side effects to plasma lithium levels.

49 patients with primary affective disorders maintained on lithium were evaluated over a 6-month course and the pattern of 10 well-known innocuous side effects of lithium therapy was closely evaluated. The patients had significantly more side effects in the 1st month as opposed to the 4th through 6th months. The difference was statistically significant (with p less than 0.05). There was no difference in plasma lithium levels among individuals having no side effects, 1-2 side effects or 3 or more side effects at any point during the 6-month period.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Toward the validation of RDC schizoaffective disorder.

The Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for schizoaffective disorder were applied to a clinic population of 71 patients with bipolar I disorder. Twenty-five patients were found to meet RDC criteria for schizoaffective disorder. The RDC-positive group were found to be the most psychotic patients and had a younger age at onset and admission to the clinic that the RDC-negative group. They had also had their conditions diagnosed more frequently as schizophrenic by referring physicians. There was no difference, however, between the two groups on many other variables, including clinical, family history, drug response, and laboratory studies. We conclude that our bipolar I population cannot be further subdivided into meaningful clinical entities using the RDC criteria for schizoaffective disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Lithium carbonate and weight gain.

In order to evaluate weight gain in lithium-treated patients., a group of 21 bipolar patients on lithium were compared against a group of 12 bipolar patients on placebo over a 12-month period. During this time both groups exhibited euthymic mood. Eleven of the 21 patients on lithium gained greater than 10 lbs. whereas only 1 placebo patient gained more than 10 lbs. Thirteen of 21 lithium-treated patients showed a gain of 5% total body weight while only 2 of 12 placebo patients showed a gain of 5% total body weight. Both of these results were statistically significant (P less tha 0.05). The findings seem to indicate that weight gain is a direct effect of lithium treatment.

Adult↗