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Biomedical subjects

R R Fieve

Publications and source records attributed to R R Fieve.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Dysfunctional attitudes in depressed patients before and after clinical treatment and in normal control subjects.

To evaluate the role of maladaptive thinking patterns in depression, the authors administered the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale to 112 depressed patients before and after 3-6 weeks of treatment with antidepressants or placebo. Twenty-two normal subjects were also assessed twice. Depressed patients had a significantly higher initial mean score than control subjects, but during treatment their score significantly decreased, and the posttreatment score of those with complete recoveries was nearly as low as the control subjects' final score. The higher the initial dysfunctional attitude score the poorer the response to treatment. Patients with endogenous depression had significantly lower scores than nonendogenously depressed patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The predictive value of the dexamethasone suppression test. A placebo-controlled study.

We evaluated the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) as a predictor of response to drugs and placebo in 105 patients, in a large double-blind placebo-controlled out-patient trial to determine the efficacy of paroxetine HCl, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, compared with that of imipramine HCl and placebo. The presence of a positive or negative DST did not predict response to either paroxetine or imipramine. However, a positive DST predicted a poorer response to placebo: only 3 out of 18 patients who showed DST non-suppression responded to placebo, as opposed to 11 out of 21 who exhibited DST suppression (P less than 0.05). A positive DST was associated with a 61% response to drugs and a 16% response to placebo. This finding suggests that the presence of a positive DST implies the need for active somatic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Diurnal and circannual variation in platelet 3H-imipramine binding: comparative data on normal and affectively ill subjects.

Using a cross-sectional design, we examined the diurnal and circannual variation in platelet 3H-imipramine binding in 33 patients with bipolar affective disorder, 34 patients with unipolar affective disorder and 58 normal controls. There was no evidence for statistically significant diurnal or circannual variation in the binding parameters in any of the diagnostic categories.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Calmodulin-activated calcium ATPase in bipolar illness.

Calmodulin-activated calcium ATPase is a transport enzyme which establishes the normal level of intracellular ionized calcium in most cells. We have determined values for three parameters of this enzyme: E-t, the concentration in the membrane; Vmax, the maximal velocity, and Ka, the binding affinity for calmodulin. We assayed these parameters in erythrocyte membranes from lithium carbonate-treated bipolar subjects and from normal controls. Bipolar subjects have significantly increased levels of E-t compared with normal controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Inter-episode major and subclinical symptoms in affective disorder.

A prospective 1-year study was conducted in 69 patients with affective disorder. Despite remission, there was a significant continued presence at each visit of major symptoms of mania and depression and of mean mood shift. Furthermore, sub-clinical affective symptoms, as determined by General Behavior Inventory self-rating scores completed at 4 month intervals, continued at a level throughout the entire year significantly higher in patients than in 14 normal controls. Finally, as expected, presence of subclinical symptoms on the GBI correlated significantly with presence of major symptoms and mood shift. Correlation varied from 0.55 to 0.61; all significances were less than 0.001.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Lithium level and inter-episode symptoms in affective disorder.

Forty-two patients with a history of affective disorder on lithium prophylaxis alone participated in a prospective 1-year study of inter-episode symptoms. Despite expected significant differences in mean plasma lithium level in patients, those with mean levels above the median (0.82 +/- 0.10 mEq/l) did not differ in incidence of major symptoms per visit, in mood shift per visit, or in rate of subclinical symptoms on the General Behavior Inventory from those patients with mean level below the median (0.52 +/- 0.09 mEq/l).

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
PubMed1987

Platelet 3H-imipramine binding and familial transmission of affective disorders.

We studied platelet 3H-imipramine binding and family history of affective illness in 26 patients with bipolar affective disorder and 24 patients with unipolar affective disorder. The density of platelet 3H-imipramine binding sites (Bmax) was significantly lower in bipolar patients with family history of affective illness than in healthy controls; however, there was a considerable overlap in Bmax values between the familial cases and the normal controls. A similar trend was observed in familial cases of unipolar disorder but the differences fell short of statistical significance. The nonfamilial cases of affective disorder did not differ from the healthy controls. The possible role of reduced platelet 3H-imipramine binding as a genetic vulnerability 'marker' in affective disorder was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The dexamethasone suppression test as a monitor of clinical recovery.

To evaluate the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) as an aid in monitoring clinical recovery, the authors evaluated 127 outpatients with major depression who received the DST during depression and after clinical recovery. Although DST response varied among the 73 patients who met the Research Diagnostic Criteria for definite endogenous depression, their mean postdexamethasone plasma cortisol level was significantly higher during depression than after recovery. However, the DST's utility in monitoring long-term outcome was not great, as there was a high chance of remaining stable for 6 months after recovery regardless of cortisol value during depression or after recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) in predicting response to desipramine and amitriptyline in depressed outpatients.

The predictive value of the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was evaluated in two consecutive clinical trials involving 99 individuals treated with amitriptyline or desipramine. Following one week observation, and following one week on low-dose desipramine or amitriptyline (50 mg), all patients who remained depressed (Hamilton score 16 or greater) were given a full clinical trial of either desipramine or amitriptyline (150-300 mg/day) over a minimum 3-5 week period. In all, 68 patients required this trial, 31 receiving amitriptyline and 37 receiving desipramine. For these patients there was no relationship between DST suppression/non-suppression vs clinical response to either desipramine or amitriptyline. There was a non-significant trend for suppressors (negative DST) to respond either spontaneously or to low-dose desipramine or amitriptyline as opposed to non-suppressors (positive DST).

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1986

Fluoxetine response: endpoint vs pattern analysis.

A 6-week double-blind trial of fluoxetine treatment of unipolar major depressive disorder in 49 patients was evaluated in terms of improvement in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Clinical Global Improvement (CGI) scores. A relationship was found between change in HDRS (absolute and percentage decrease from baseline) and final CGI ratings. However, because of a few placebo-responders, endpoint analysis with both the HDRS and CGI showed no differences between active drug and placebo. Pattern analysis of persistent response did successively separate active drug from placebo (less than 0.05).

Adolescent↗