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Biomedical subjects

R R Bailey

Publications and source records attributed to R R Bailey.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Renal biopsy in children.

Between January 1973 and December 1986 a total of 47 children (32 boys) under the age of 16 years had a total of 60 renal biopsies. The commonest indication for biopsy was the nephrotic syndrome, followed by macroscopic haematuria, Henoch-Schönlein nephritis and lupus nephritis. The children have been followed prospectively for a mean period of five and one-half years. One-half of the children are now in a full remission, five have reached end-stage renal failure, two have died of sepsis, two have chronic renal failure and the remainder continue to have proteinuria and/or macroscopic haematuria. Renal biopsy by an experienced operator using ultrasonic control and having the facilities of an expert histopathological service was a safe diagnostic procedure which has enabled important prognostic and therapeutic decisions to be made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Intravenous enoxacin for the treatment of acute pyelonephritis: pharmacokinetic and clinical study.

1. Eight women with acute pyelonephritis were treated with i.v. enoxacin for 5 days. All were clinically cured and five had a bacteriological cure. Five women reported side effects. 2. During treatment there was no significant accumulation of enoxacin and the total clearance of the drug did not alter with repeated dosing. Drug elimination half-life (mean 4.3 h, s.d. 2.1) was similar to that reported in healthy volunteers. 3. Enoxacin should be compared with the aminoglycosides and beta-lactam antibiotics for the treatment of severe or complicated urinary tract infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Renal disease in diabetics--which patients have diabetic nephropathy and what is their outcome?

From August 1974 to January 1985, 53 patients (26 men; seven Maoris) mean age 45 (SD 15) years, with diabetes mellitus for a mean of 12 (SD nine) years had a renal biopsy and were followed. Indications for biopsy were nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria, renal impairment (five) and hematuria (one). Mean plasma creatinine concentration was 0.22 (SD 0.18) mmol/L and protein excretion 3.4 (SD 2.5) g/24 h. Diabetic nephropathy was demonstrated in 39 patients and significantly associated with retinopathy and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Of the 39 patients followed for 25.7 (SD 22.8) months, 18 had died (nine myocardial infarction, six uremia, two sepsis, one stroke) and nine had begun dialysis. The five-year cumulative renal survival was 28%. The presence of the nephrotic syndrome and the plasma creatinine concentration at presentation were the best predictors of survival. Diabetics with IDDM of 20 years duration, retinopathy and heavy proteinuria, who survive the other complications of their disease, are likely to have diabetic nephropathy requiring renal replacement therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Blood rheology in IgA nephropathy.

Blood rheology was measured in 35 patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and compared with age and sex-matched normal controls. Whole blood viscosity, red blood cell deformability and plasma viscosity were significantly altered in patients with IgAN. A correlation between determinants of blood rheology and clinical indices of IgAN was found. The factor(s) causing the rheological abnormalities was (were) not defined. Increased blood viscosity may cause intraglomerular pressure to rise and filtration to increase and may contribute to the development of mesangial lesions. It is proposed that abnormal blood rheology may be a causal factor in the pathogenesis of IgAN.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1987

Double blind, randomised trial comparing single dose enoxacin and trimethoprim for treatment of bacterial cystitis.

Women with acute lower urinary tract symptoms were enrolled in a randomised, double blind study and received either a single 400 mg dose of enoxacin or a single 600 mg dose of trimethoprim. Twenty of 29 women with bacterial cystitis were cured with enoxacin and 22 of 26 with trimethoprim. Both drugs were highly effective for the treatment of Escherichia coli, but enoxacin was disappointing for the eradication of Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Side effects were minimal. Single dose therapy is recommended as the treatment of choice for bacterial cystitis in general practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Resistance of urinary tract isolates of Escherichia coli to cotrimoxazole, sulphonamide, trimethoprim and ampicillin: an 11-year survey.

The susceptibility of urinary tract Escherichia coli isolates to cotrimoxazole, sulphonamide, trimethoprim, and ampicillin was monitored over an 11-year period. A trend in increasing resistance to cotrimoxazole and trimethoprim was observed, but there was no comparable alteration in sulphonamide resistance. Ampicillin resistance was high at the beginning of the survey period and continued to rise.

Ampicillin Resistance↗
PubMed1986

Effect of doxazosin on blood pressure and renal haemodynamics of hypertensive patients with renal failure.

Doxazosin, a quinazoline derivative, has alpha 1- adrenoreceptor antagonist properties similar to those of prazosin. This antihypertensive agent has a longer elimination half-life than prazosin. The pharmacokinetic properties of doxazosin are not significantly different in patients with renal insufficiency compared with healthy controls. In this study eight hypertensive patients with renal insufficiency were studied during a two week washout period, followed by a two week single blind placebo phase and an eight week open doxazosin treatment period. Doxazosin was commenced in a dose of 1 mg daily and titrated if necessary, with the dose being doubled every two weeks. In all but one patient doxazosin was successful in controlling the blood pressure. Treatment with doxazosin for eight weeks had no adverse effects on the effective renal plasma flow or glomerular filtration rate of these patients. Six of the eight patients suffered side effects attributable to doxazosin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Lupus nephritis: a 13-year experience.

Over a 13-year period 42 patients (35 women) with systemic lupus erythematosus and renal disease had a renal biopsy. Renal involvement as the first and only manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus was common in men. The commonest reason for renal biopsy (23/42) was the finding of proteinuria with or without haematuria. One-half of all patients had diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. Twenty-seven patients were treated with both prednisone and azathioprine and 10 with prednisone alone at some stage during follow-up. The renal biopsy findings were useful in assessing the severity of renal involvement and prognosis. A five-year renal survival of 72% was observed. Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis with renal insufficiency was associated with a poor prognosis. Those patients who were established on the dialysis/transplant programme became symptom free on no treatment.

Adolescent↗