Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Purohit

Publications and source records attributed to R Purohit.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Cure of undifferentiated small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder with M-VAC chemotherapy.

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the urinary bladder is a rare, aggressive malignancy with approximately 135 cases reported in the literature. Treatments have included chemotherapy, radical surgery, radiotherapy, and combinations of these. We present the apparent cure of a 73-year-old man who presented with clinical stage T2 SCC of the urinary bladder. He was treated with three cycles of methotrexate, vinblastine, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), and cisplatin (M-VAC) chemotherapy. Subsequent radical cystoprostatectomy revealed no pathologic evidence of tumor. The patient is alive and well with no evidence of recurrence 3 years post cystectomy. A brief review of the literature is also presented.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Characterization of a recent retroposon insertion on mouse chromosome 2 and localization of the cognate parental gene to chromosome 11.

The genomic sequence on mouse Chromosome (Chr) 2 corresponding to a previously identified novel cDNA has been characterized. The genomic organization of this locus, adjacent to the beta 2 microglobulin gene, has the properties of a processed gene or retroposon including the presence of a short flanking direct repeat, a polyadenylation signal/poly A tract, and the absence of introns. Analysis of inbred and wild-derived Mus DNAs reveals the retroposon to be a feature only of M. m. domesticus subspecies, suggesting that the insertion event is relatively recent. This notion is supported by the presence of an open reading frame and the lack of sequence divergence in the flanking direct repeats. The complex chromatin configuration characteristic of this region in mouse and human is not, therefore, related to this cDNA. The cognate parental gene encoding the cDNA was mapped to Chr 11. A further, more ancient retroposon present in many Mus species localizes to Chr 17.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

D&HH persons.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Platelet function testing in the pony.

Platelet isolation techniques and platelet function were evaluated in 35 adult ponies. Platelet recovery from whole blood was consistent and the preparation of platelet rich plasma was facilitated by an enhanced erythrocyte sedimentation rate. All platelet samples aggregated in response to 10 microM ADP. However, concentrations of ADP as high as 100 microM did not elicit significant 14C-serotonin release. Collagen induced irreversible platelet aggregation and 14C-serotonin release in all samples. The threshold dose for collagen in most ponies was 1.5 micrograms. Arachidonic acid (500 microM) failed to induce irreversible platelet aggregation or 14C-serotonin release in any of the samples evaluated. Pony platelets were nonresponsive to epinephrine (5.5 microM).

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the diuretic bumetanide in hepatic and renal disease.

1 Bumetanide (1 mg) was given orally and intravenously to a group of patients with chronic renal failure (n = 6) and to another group with cirrhosis of the liver (n = 8). 2 The pharmacokinetics, using a two-compartment model, and the pharmacodynamics of the drug in these patients were compared with those previously obtained for normal subjects. 3 In the renal group serum bumetanide concentrations were higher than for the normal subjects and the terminal half-lives were significantly prolonged (P less than 0.001). A decreased whole body clearance was attributable to a low renal clearance of drug, the non-renal clearance being significantly increased (P less than 0.01). 4 For the patients with liver disease, serum bumetanide concentrations were higher than for the renal group, and the terminal half-lives were significantly further prolonged (P less than 0.001). Both non-renal and renal clearances were significantly reduced (P less than 0.001). 5 Absorption rates were not significantly altered in either group and the values of F (bioavailability) were 0.82 and 0.95 for the patients with renal disease and hepatic disease, respectively. 6 A poor pharmacodynamic response and a reduced bumetanide excretion rate were observed for the patients with chronic renal failure, whereas with hepatic disease normal bumetanide excretion rates were observed with an impaired diuretic response.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Carcinoma of the urinary bladder in Zambia. A quantitative estimation of Schistosoma haematobium infection.

The incidence and intensity of schistosomal infection in 50 African malignant bladders determined by quantitative analysis have been compared with a matched control group of nonmalignant cadaver bladders, and the incidence of radiological calcification in the former has been compared with that of 50 adult urinary bilharziasis patients without associated malignancy. Compared with 45% in the non-malignant group, schistosomal infection was present in an overwhelming 94% of the malignant cases. Radiological calcification in the malignant bladders (38%) was slightly more than in patients with urinary bilharziasis (35%). In the majority of the malignant bladders (55.3%) the parasitic infection was noted to be of moderate to low intensity. It has been suggested that the overall severity of schistosomal infection is unlikely to be the sole factor in the pathogenesis of carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of bumetanide in normal subjects.

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of bumetanide (1 mg) administered either orally or intravenously were studied in a group of normal subjects using high-pressure liquid chromatography. A two-compartment model adequately fitted the intravenous data. Renal clearance (85 ml min-1) contributed 65% to the total elimination of bumetanide irrespective of whether a model-dependent or model-independent method was used. Oral administration of bumetanide elicited a greater and a more prolonged pharmacological response than did intravenous bumetanide. An attempt is made to relate the pharmacokinetics of the drug to its pharmacodynamics.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Cancer reporting in Papua New Guinea: 1958-70 and 1971-78.

In 1958, a cancer registry was established in Papua New Guinea for a population of 2 million who had remained in near isolation for millenia until recently. This report includes cancer data for 1970 through 1978. During those years, the registrations increased from 200 to 600. The reasons for this increase and the patterns of reporting over the entire 21-year period are examined. The data offered us opportunities to examine changes in case findings according to geography, time, and sex. Genuine differences in cancer incidence and pattern within this diverse country, mainly between the highland and lowland regions, were studied, particularly concerning oral, skin, liver, and penile cancers, and Burkitt's lymphoma. The controversy remains over the relationship of oral cancer and chewing of substances other than tobacco; but in this country, at least, a chew consisting only of areca nut mixed with lime must be held suspect. With the emergence from isolation, profound socioeconomic changes are occurring in this country; the patterns of cancer must change also, and we may be seeing the beginning of this already. Possible fruitful areas for further detailed studies are indicated.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coccygeal muscle injury in English Pointers (limber tail).

A condition colloquially referred to as "limber tail" and "cold tail" is familiar to people working with hunting dogs, primarily Pointers and Labrador Retrievers. The typical case consists of an adult dog that suddenly develops a flaccid tail. The tail either hangs down from the tail base or is held out horizontally for several inches from the tail base and then hangs straight down or at some degree below horizontal. Initially, the hair on the dorsal aspect of the proximal tail may be raised and dogs may resent palpation of the area 3-4 inches (8-10 cm) from the tail base. Most dogs recover spontaneously within a few days to weeks. Anecdotal reports suggest that anti-inflammatory drugs administered within 24 hours after onset hasten recovery. Less than one half of affected dogs experience a recurrence. Affected Pointers almost always have a history of prolonged cage transport, a hard workout the previous day, or exposure to cold or wet weather Most owners and trainers familiar with the condition do not seek veterinary assistance. In cases where people are not familiar with this disease, other conditions such as a fracture, spinal cord disease, impacted anal glands, or prostatic disease have been incorrectly diagnosed. We examined 4 affected Pointers and found evidence of coccygeal muscle damage, which included mild elevation of creatine kinase early after onset of clinical signs, needle electromyographic examination showing abnormal spontaneous discharges restricted to the coccygeal muscles several days after onset, and histopathologic evidence of muscle fiber damage. Specific muscle groups, namely the laterally positioned intertransversarius ventralis caudalis muscles, were affected most severely. Abnormal findings on thermography and scintigraphy further supported the diagnosis.

Animals↗