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Biomedical subjects

R Prasad

Publications and source records attributed to R Prasad.

445 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Herniation of the lung.

An unusual rare case of pathological type of acquired hernia of lung is presented with a brief review of the pathogenesis and classification of lung hernias. Clinical features, roentgen findings and treatment are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Totally occluded coronary arteries with normal LV function: clinical and angiographic profile.

The clinical and coronary angiographic profile of 50 patients (Group I) with total occlusion of one or more major coronary arteries in the absence of electrocardiographic findings of myocardial infarction and normal segmental and global left ventricular (LV) functions were analysed to identify any variables responsible for this observation. Twenty five age and sex matched patients (Group II), who had 100% occlusion of at least one major coronary artery with significant wall motion abnormalities on LV angiograms, served as controls. The mean duration of angina before angiography or the occurrence of acute coronary event was significantly longer in Group I (2.8 +/- 2.2 yrs) compared to Group II (1.2 +/- 1.2 yrs; p less than .05) patients. RCA was found totally occluded more often in Group I as compared to Group II (60% vs 32%; p less than .05) patients, whereas complete occlusion of LAD occurred more frequently in Group II than in Group I (70% vs 32%; p less than .05). Significant stenoses in other arteries was found in 88% of Group I, compared to 48% of Group II patients (p less than .001). Although there was no significant difference in the frequency of collaterals feeding the totally occluded arteries in the two groups, 80% of patients in Group I had grade 3 collaterals compared to only 30% in Group II patients (p less than .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The binding of 3H-(3-MeHis2) thyrotropin releasing hormone to brain and pituitary membranes of hyperthyroid rats.

The effect of chronic treatment of male Sprague-Dawley rats with thyroxine (1 mg/kg, s.c., every other day) for 18 days on the brain and pituitary receptors for thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) labeled with 3H-(3-MeHis2)TRH (3H-MeTRH) was determined. Rats serving as controls received the injection of the vehicle for thyroxine. Chronic administration of thyroxine resulted in the development of hyperthyroidism as evidenced by slower rate of gain of body weight, increased colonic temperature, increased systolic blood pressure and heart rate in comparison to vehicle-injected rats. The development of hyperthyroidism by thyroxine treatment was also evidenced by increases in the serum concentration of triiodothyronine (total T3) and thyroxine (T4) in comparison to vehicle-injected rats. The binding of 3H-MeTRH to membranes prepared from different brain regions (striatum, hypothalamus, pons + medulla, cortex and midbrain) and pituitary membranes of thyroxine-treated and untreated rats was determined at 2 nM concentration. The binding of 3H-MeTRH to membranes prepared from any brain region of thyroxine-treated and untreated rats did not differ. The binding of 3H-MeTRH to pituitary membranes of thyroxine-treated rats was much greater than that of untreated rats. It is concluded that chronic administration of thyroxine to rats leads to the development of hyperthyroid state as evidenced by both physiological and biochemical indices, and that hyperthyroid state does not alter the TRH receptors in the hypothalamus or any other brain region but the pituitary TRH receptors are up-regulated.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coronary angioplasty of 'complex lesions' in patients with unstable angina.

Out of 55 patients subjected to coronary angioplasty over the past 12 months, there were 33 (60%) who had unstable angina. Amongst these, 22 patients had coronary lesions classified as 'complex' on coronary angiography. These included tandem lesions, branch stenoses, distal lesions, total occlusions, vein graft stenoses, lesions with ulceration and intraluminal clot and associated with valvular lesions. We describe our experience of coronary angioplasty in these 22 patients of unstable angina having 'complex lesions'. All were males with a mean age of 48.7 +/- 13 years. Fourteen patients had single vessel and 8 multivessel disease. A total of 35 lesions were subjected to dilatation. The angiographic primary success was achieved in 85.7% of the lesions attempted. Except total occlusions and very distal lesions, all other types of 'complex lesions' could be dilated with a success rate of greater than 75%. There were 4 (11.4%) failures because of inability to cross the lesion with the guidewire or balloon catheter. One patient developed non-Q wave inferior wall infarction. There were no deaths. We conclude that coronary angioplasty of various types of 'complex lesions' can be performed with a good primary success and negligible complications in our setting.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microfilaria in bronchial aspirate.

A 65-year-old female was evaluated for suspected bronchogenic carcinoma. The chest x-ray revealed a left parahilar opacity with a raised left dome of diaphragm. Fiberbronchoscopy showed an oedematous and hyperemic left main bronchus but no growth was visualised. Bronchial biopsy did not show any evidence of neoplasm. However, the bronchial aspirate smear examination showed one microfilaria. Post bronchoscopic roentgenogram done on the next day revealed clearing of left parahilar shadow and a normal diaphragm. The patient responded well to 300 mg of diethylcarbamazine given in divided doses for 3 weeks.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy.

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and open biopsy of same enlarged lymph nodes were performed in 59 patients with lymphadenopathy. When histopathological and cytological examinations were compared, an accuracy of 91.5% was achieved with FNAC in the cases of lymphadenopathy of various etiologies. Thus, fine needle aspiration cytology being reliable, safe, rapid and economical procedure, is useful as an outdoor diagnostic procedure for diagnosing lymphadenopathy of various etiologies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An unusual presentation of pulmonary echinococcosis.

A case of pulmonary hydatid disease presenting with right supraclavicular cystic swelling is being reported. Radiologically, the cyst had an extension into the chest wall with bony involvement in the form of destruction and thinning of the first and second ribs on the right side. The patient responded to albendazole therapy.

Adolescent↗