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Biomedical subjects

R Pfeffermann

Publications and source records attributed to R Pfeffermann.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Gallstone pancreatitis. Exploration of the biliary system in acute and recurrent pancreatitis.

During a five-year period, 82 patients were treated for acute pancreatitis, 63 of whom were proved to have associated biliary tract disease. In 18 of the 63, the accepted preoperative diagnostic measures failed to demonstrate pathologic findings in the biliary system. In 16 of the 18 patients, stones were discovered at the time of operation, although in five they were so small as to be demonstrable only filtering the aspirated bile through gauze. In the two of the 18 without stones, cholecystitis was present. In 14 patients the ducts choledochus and the pancreatic duct had a common path. All patients had no further pancreatitis two to eight years cholecystectomy. In Israel, where alcoholism is rare, three fourths of the cases of acute pancreatitis are associated with gallbladder disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Urologic complications in renal primary and retransplantation. Experience with 202 consecutive transplants.

In a period of two years, 202 kidneys were transplanted in 162 patients at the Downstate Medical Center. On hundred twenty-nine patients had primary transplantations, twenty-nine second transplantations, and five third transplantations. Urologic complications occurred in twenty-four of the patients (12%). There were eight complications involving the urinary bladder and fifteen ureteric complications. In twenty-one patients the complications appeared within six weeks after surgery. Surgical correction immediately upon diagnosis of the urinary complications resulted in a high degree of early restoration of the urinary tract continuity and preservation of renal function. Leakage from the bladder was frequently associated with previous surgery. In five of eight patients, bladder leakage occurred after the second or third transplantations. Complications of the urinary bladder in general had a significantly favorable prognosis as compared with ureteric complications. Although all the patients with bladder complications fully recovered and maintained good renal function, four patients with ureteric complications either died or lost the graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Modern war surgery: operations in an evacuation hospital during the October 1973 Arab-Israeli war.

A forward evacuation hospital functioned in the southern front in October 1973 Israeli-Arab War as an intermediate unit in the Israeli casualty management logistics. Casualties were characterized by frequent multiple-system injuries and variable combinations of penetrating wounds, blunt trauma, burns, and inhalation injury, with an increased incidence of associated blunt trauma. As the result of the systems organization, the EH was able to provide the wounded with early intensive and definitive resuscitation therapy which permitted further evacuation of the casualties to the central hospitals in a better state of physiological stability. In the most critically wounded when there was imminent threat to survival, operations were performed at the EH as an integral part of the resuscitation process. Performance of operations in a forward evacuation hospital did not increase the number or severity of postoperative complications. Morbidity and mortality were related to the nature and magnitude of injury.

Egypt↗
PubMed1976

Transplant nephrectomy and simultaneous second graft retransplantation.

Tranplant nephrectomy and retransplantation has become an established modality in treating patients with rejected kidney allografts. Experience with 29 patients who underwent simultaneous transplant nephrectomy and retransplantation is presented. This procedure did not involve a considerably greater risk than a primary transplant and had an almost equal rate of success. There was no significant correlation between survival or failure of the second graft and the time the patient had been on dialysis prior to the first transplant, the duration of first graft survival, or the source of the first or second kidney. Seventy-five percent of the failures in the second transplant group were due to hyperacute or accelerated rejection, and only 25% were rejected in an acute or chronic fashion. The high frequency of hyperacute and accelerated rejections is presumably a result of presensitization by the first transplant. An inadequate supply of cadaver kidneys prevented performance of the simultaneous procedure in all patients that required it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The liver and immune responses. I. Regional lymph node response in rats to injection of semi-allogeneic adult liver cells.

Regional lymph node response in F1 hybrid rats in injection of parental adult liver cells was investigated. More than a 10-fold increase in node weight over the uninjected control node was observed on day 11 following injection of 60 X10(6) parental liver cells. The node weight gain was both dose and time dependent although 10 times more liver cells were required than the lymphocyte. Injection of either irradiated (600 rads) or cultured (30 days) liver cells did not reduce the reactivity. The liver cells prepared from 18-day-old fetuses, 70% hepatectomized or portacaval shunted rats were all shown to be reactive, the latter being far superior. This phenomenon is immunological since only parental (semi-allogeneic) but not syngeneic liver cells gave the reaction although a hybrid resistance cannot be denied. Possible mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are discussed.

Aging↗
PubMed1976

Liver regeneration and lymphocyte activation.

A 70 per cent partial hepatectomy in the rat results in a massive deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis not only in the remaining liver cells but also in the lymphoid organs. Serum factor present in the rat after hepatectomy stimulated both hepatocytes and lymphocytes in culture. Lethally irradiated rats, followed by a partial hepatectomy, could be restored their regeneration ability only when the lymphocytes taken from rats after hepatectomy were injected. A hypothesis is that the replications of the regenerating liver cells and the antigen stimulated lymphocytes are triggered by a common pathway, probably through adenosine 3':5'-cyclic phosphate activation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Horner syndrome: a rare complication of internal jugular vein cannulation.

Percutaneous cannulation of the internal jugular vein is a widely used and accepted method for central venous cannulation, used for parenteral alimentation, fluid administration, and measurement of pressures. A multitude of complications associated with this procedure have been described. Horner syndrome as a rare complication of internal jugular vein cannulation is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ovarian malignancies in pregnancies complicated by colonic perforation.

Primary or secondary ovarian carcinoma in pregnancy is very rare. The entity is difficult to diagnose and is not infrequently fatal. Two unusual cases of ovarian carcinoma during pregnancy, complicated by perforation of the colon, are described. Treatment depends upon the time of diagnosis, the stage of growth, and possible complications. More attention should be paid to complaints concerning bowel function during pregnancy, and pelvic sonography and bowel studies may enable earlier diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Duodenostomy revisited.

Four patients were admitted to the Surgical Ward because of massive bleeding from a duodenal ulcer. In three the ulcer was induced by non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. On operation, following pylorotomy and suture of the bleeding artery, neither drainage nor stump closure could be affected safely. Partial gastrectomy with vagotomy, or high subtotal gastrectomy with gastroenterostomy were performed. The duodenum was dealt with by means of a tube duodenostomy. There was no mortality among these patients. Morbidity was related mainly to the extent of preoperative bleeding and associated pathology (e.g. perforation). Patient data is presented in Table I.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of pulmonary functions and oxygenation following local, spinal or general anaesthesia in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair.

In order to compare the pulmonary effects of various anaesthetic techniques, 49 otherwise healthy patients needing inguinal hernia repair were randomized to general, spinal or local anaesthesia. Blood gases were drawn and spirometry performed pre- and postoperatively at fixed intervals. Results showed a superior ventilation and oxygenation pattern for local anaesthesia (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the groups with respect to forced vital capacity (FVC) or forced expiratory volume per second (FEV1) but patients who had spinal anaesthesia performed worse, and for the group as a whole there was a significant reduction compared to preoperative values. We conclude that local anaesthesia is less detrimental to pulmonary function in inguinal hernia operations than spinal or general anaesthesia.

Adult↗