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Biomedical subjects

R P Khubchandani

Publications and source records attributed to R P Khubchandani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Initial evaluation of a child with arthritis--an algorithmic approach.

Arthritis is one of the less common, yet challenging problems that may confront a pediatrician. The potential pathology is diverse ranging from the benign with a good prognosis to the serious and ultimately fatal. From a spot diagnosis to conditions that evolve over time, few other conditions challenge and stimulate the clinical acumen. Several diagnoses can be made clinically with the laboratory investigations providing additional support. An approach through which the clinician seeks answers through a logical sequence of questions is presented to help shortlist the possible diagnosis.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1999

Typhoid hepatitis in children.

Liver involvement is commonly observed in patients with typhoid fever. However, a hepatitis-like picture with fever and jaundice is unusual and infrequently reported in the paediatric literature. Our aim was to characterize the clinical picture, biochemical features, and prognosis of typhoid hepatitis. One hundred cases of typhoid fever (age 0 to 12 years), proven by positive blood cultures to Salmonella typhi, were studied with special reference to hepatic dysfunction. Of these, eight patients were found to have hepatitis during the course of their illness. All had high fever, tender hepatomegaly, elevated serum bilirubin (in the range of 2.5-5.8 mg/dl), and elevated serum alanine transaminase levels (in the range 100-620 IU/l). All the eight patients showed complete clinical and biochemical recovery in response to appropriate antibiotics. The clinical picture of typhoid hepatitis frequently mimics acute viral hepatitis. In tropical areas, the differential diagnosis of a child presenting with fever and jaundice should include typhoid hepatitis.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Choice of antipyretic in children.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative efficacy of 3 commonly used antipyretics viz. mefenamic acid, ibuprofen and paracetamol. The subjects were randomized to 3 groups to receive either paracetamol 10 mg/kg or ibuprofen 7 mg/kg or mefenamic acid 6.5 mg/kg. Axilla temperature was recorded just prior to drug administration and at hourly intervals for 4 hrs. The mefenamic acid group (n = 29) showed a drop of 3.5 degrees F at the end of 4 hours as compared to the paracetamol group (n = 29) (drop 2.44 degrees F) and ibuprofen group (n = 20) (drop 2.79 degrees F). Analysis of the area under the mean temperature vs. time curve showed that mefenamic acid demonstrated significantly better antipyretic activity compared to paracetamol (P < 0.05) over the entire period of observation and ibuprofen (P < 0.05) in the 2 to 4 hour range. Mefenamic acid continued to show antipyretic activity at the end of 4 hours in contrast to ibuprofen and paracetamol. Since the period of observation was restricted to 4 hours, we were unable to quantify the precise duration of its extended antipyretic efficacy.

Acetaminophen↗