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Biomedical subjects

R P Elzay

Publications and source records attributed to R P Elzay.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Erosion of dental enamel among competitive swimmers at a gas-chlorinated swimming pool.

In September 1982, two Charlottesville, Virginia, residents were found by their dentists to have general erosion of dental enamel consistent with exposure to acid. Both patients were competitive swimmers at the same private club pool. No other common exposure could be determined. An epidemiologic survey was made of 747 club members. Symptoms compatible with dental enamel erosion were reported by 3% of nonswimmers (9/295), 12% of swimmers who were not members of the swim team (46/393), and 39% of swim team members (23/59). All four swimmers with clinically verified dental enamel erosion had trained regularly in the pool for competitive swimming meets, compared with one of eight matched swimmers without enamel erosion. Examination of the implicated swimming pool revealed a gas-chlorinated pool with corrosion of metal fixtures and etching of cement exposed to the pool water. A pool water sample had a pH of 2.7, i.e., an acid concentration approximately 100,000 times that recommended for swimming pools (pH 7.2-8.0). A review of pool management practices revealed inadequate monitoring of pool water pH. Acid erosion of dental enamel--"swimmer's erosion"--is a painful, costly, irreversible condition which can be caused by inadequately maintained gas-chlorinated swimming pools.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Rapidly progressive periodontitis. Report of a case.

A nineteen year old white female was referred for an evaluation of severe, rapidly progressive periodontitis. Although the patient was physically healthy and did not demonstrate any remarkable abnormalities in routine laboratory tests or upon physical examination, a detailed immune profile elucidated abnormal findings. Additionally, the patient demonstrated a poor healing response after tooth removal and a continued loss of bone following insertion of dentures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Fibrous defect (nonossifying fibroma) of the mandible.

Two cases of fibrous defect (nonossifying fibroma) of the mandible are presented. Each case occurred in the mandibular ramus of an 11-year-old girl. The usual fibrous defect of bone is an intraosseous fibrous, nonneoplastic, reactive lesion which appears as a well-delineated defect in the metaphysis of long bones. This report reviews the literature, histopathology, and classification of the fibrous defect of bone.

Child↗
PubMed1983

A modification of the Papanicolaou exfoliative cytology stain to demonstrate keratin in paraffin-block tissue sections.

A method of staining for keratin by application of a modified Papanicolaou staining procedure to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues is described. The modification is achieved by increasing the staining time for the three basic Papanicolaou stains and incorporating phloxine B as an additional staining component. Since the Papanicolaou staining components are common to most histopathology laboratories and phloxine B is not a rare stain component, this procedure can be instituted with a modicum of effort. The procedure is less time consuming than the usual staining methods for demonstrating keratin and does so with a high degree of reliability.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia (Riga-Fede's disease and traumatic eosinophilic granuloma).

A review of the English literature revealed ten lesions classified as Riga-Fede's disease and nineteen lesions classified as traumatic eosinophilic granuloma. These two entities have the same histologic features and are often associated with a history of trauma. These are benign, reactive, nonosseous lesions that occur either in infancy or later in life. It is suggested that they be considered as one entity. To delineate them from more aggressive lesions, such as the eosinophilic granuloma of histiocytosis X, the author suggests the term traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia. Forty-one previously unreported cases are described. Histologic examination revealed the presence of mast cells in addition to eosinophils. A pathogenesis for traumatic ulcerative granuloma with stromal eosinophilia, based on the hypothesis that mast cells release an eosinophilic chemotactic factor and that eosinophils may act as cytotoxic agents, is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Primary intraosseous carcinoma of the jaws. Review and update of odontogenic carcinomas.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system, primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) of the jaw is the terminology recommended in lieu of primary intra-alveolar epidermoid carcinoma (PIAEC) of the jaw. Malignification of odontogenic cysts is now considered a separate entity. Therefore, data garnered from previous case series on PIAEC are not applicable to PIOC. This study reviews the literature on PIOC, excluding central carcinoma cases which arose in odontogenic cysts. Twelve cases were found. The PIOC has a predilection for males (3:1), is noted chiefly in adults, occurs most frequently in the mandible, is histologically nonkeratinizing in 58 percent of the cases, and exhibits peripheral palisading in 58 percent of the cases. A plexiform or alveolar pattern was noted in 67 percent of the cases. The prognosis is quite poor, with only 40 percent of the patients surviving more than 2 years. A modification of the WHO classification system to include "ameloblastic carcinoma" is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Oral pathology.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

Oromandibular-limb hypogenesis syndrome: type II C, hypoglossia-hypodactylomelia.

A patient with oromandibular-limb syndrome, Type II C, hypoglossia-hypodactylomelia, is documented and the pertinent literature critically reviewed. In addition to limb and tongue anomalies the patient had hypognathia, microstomia, absent mandicular permanent incisors, and enamel dysplasia. Her unrelated parents and siblings are normal. Past medical history for drug exposure to the mother during pregnancy was negative.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Myxomas of the paraoral--oral soft tissues.

Fifteen cases of soft-tissue myxoma of the paraoral-oral structures have been presented. Eleven cases were garnered from an extensive review of the literature, and four previously unreported cases are described. The myxomas were slow-growing, insidious, infiltrative tumors which occurred in all age groups, with an average patient age of 38 years. Most frequent locations were the cheek, floor of the mouth, and palate. The lesions were present from 2 weeks to 6 years prior to treatment. In this series all the myxomas were treated by surgical excision, with no evidence of recurrences or metastases. The recommended therapy is surgical resection with adequate margins. Other myxomatous lesions which may mimic a myxoma are mentioned.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A comparative study on the dental health status of five precolumbian Peruvian cultures.

In a survey of dental health status of ancient Southern Peru, 101 skeletal remains were studied from five cultures: Paracas, Nazca, Tiahuanaco, Ica, and Inca. The Paracas and Ica cultures exhibited more missing antemortem teeth per mandible than the other cultures. Frequency of missing one or more third molars was less than expected and not as high as reported in peoples of Mongoloid heritage. The Paracas, Ica and Nazca, "coastal" cultures had a higher caries incidence than the "inland" cultures. Whether this relates to some difference in diet or water supply remains unresolved and warrants further investigation. Moderate attrition was noted in all the Precolumbian cultures but pulpal involvement was not observed. Osteitis, noted in all the cultures, was more pronounced in the Nazca, Paracas and Ica cultures. There appeared to be a direct relationship between caries involvement and the number of missing antemortem teeth to osteitis. Calculus was heavier in the Paracas and Ica cultures. In addition, the Paracas culture exhibited a dark brown stain on the teeth which may imply some difference between the cultures in either the food, water or social habits.

Bone Resorption↗