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Biomedical subjects

R Otto

Publications and source records attributed to R Otto.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Erroneous diagnosis in superficial course of the aorta. Demonstration using ultrasound].

In hyperlordosis of the lumbar spine, the abdominal aorta becomes well palpable and behaves like a pulsating tumor in the lower abdomen. This normal finding often cannot be differentiated from pathologic changes by clinical investigation alone. Sonography offers a simple method, without risk, for the definitive diagnosis of the abdominal aorta.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Metabolic responses of females to high intensity interval training of different frequencies.

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of frequency and distance of high intensity, interval training on females. Thirty-two females participated in an eight-week program of interval run training. Subjects were assigned to either a 2 day/week or a 4 day/week group, as well as a high intensity, short distance (50,101,201 meters), or high intensity longer distance (604, 805, 1208 meters) group. Estimates of training intensity were 170% and 130% Vo2max for the short and longer distance groups, respectively. Maximal and submaximal measures of oxygen consumption (Vo2), heart rate (HR), and venous blood lactic acid were determined prior to and following the training program. After training, there was a significant increase (P less than 0.01) in Vo2max (13%) (deltax = 0.32 1/min or 5.2 ml/kg.min). Maximal VE increased approximately 12% after training (P less than 0.01). Max HR, max lactic acid, and submax Vo2 were not altered by the training. However, HR submax decreased significantly (P less than .05) after training by approximately 6%. Analysis of coveriance indicated that these changes were independent of training frequency, distance, and intensity. It was concluded that the changes in aerobic power and submaximal HR of females are independent of frequency, distance, and intensity of high-intensity interval training programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Variable phenotypic expression of an X-linked recessive lymphoproliferative syndrome.

Investigation of a family with cancer in boys revealed that at least 20 males had the X-linked recessive lymphoproliferative syndrome. A variety of phenotypes occurred: aproliferative phenotypes consisted of aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis or acquired hypogammaglobulinemia; and proliferative phenotypes of B cells included disorders associated with the Epstein-Barr virus, American Burkitt's lymphoma, immunoblastic sarcoma of B cells, fatal infectious mononucleosis or plasmacytoma. The lymphoproliferative disorders observed in males could have resulted from an immunodeficiency to Epstein-Barr virus. The variable phenotypic expression could have resulted from individual differences in the viral dose, duration of exposure and age at which the boys were exposed to the virus. Aproliferative phenotypes such as acquired hypogammaglobulinemia could have ensued from excessive suppressor-cell activity on B cells, whereas proliferative phenotypes such as Burkitt's lymphoma or fatal infectious mononucleosis could have resulted from infection by Epstein-Barr virus and failure to stop proliferation of B cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Possibilities and limits of xeroradiography. A statement (author's transl)].

Xeroradiography has proved to be of particular use for the examination of soft tissues. Due to great latitude and edge enhancement effect alterations of the splanchnocranium, the breast and the juxtaosseous soft tissues are especially well recognizable. Also for examination of larynx and trachea as well as certain soft tissues in the region of the neck this method is advantageous and proves its facilities to demonstrate diseases of the lungs and hilar region. On the contrary, alterations of the vertebral column, the basis of the skull and the abdomen cannot be examined by means of xeroradiography because of not justified radiation dosage. Xeroradiography offers no advantage for arthrography, angiography and examination of bones and skeletal parts of joints.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The diagnosis of soft tissue alterations of the knee by means of xeroradiography (author's transl)].

Xeroradiography is a useful screening-method for the evaluation of soft tissue alterations in the region of the poplitea. It proves that recognition of Baker's cysts, aneurysms, and even tumours is possible due to morphological criteria which allow for differentiation to a degree. The conformation of a lesion by means of arthrography or angiography is not to be dispensed with, but xeroradiography permits the objective demonstration of a clinically uncertain alteration. This method has demonstrated its usefulness especially for the rheumatologist in the evaluation of Baker's cysts.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

S-formylgluthathione: the substrate for formate dehydrogenase in methanol-utilizing yeasts.

Formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase were purified 45- and 16-fold, respectively, from Hansenula polymorpha grown on methanol. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase was strictly dependent on NAD and glutathione for activity. The Km values of the enzyme were found to be 0.18 mM for glutathione, 0.21 mM for formaldehyde and 0.15 mM for NAD. The enzyme catalyzed the glutathione-dependent oxidation of formaldehyde to S-formylglutathione. The reaction was shown to be reversible: at pH 8.0 a Km of 1 mM for S-formylglutathione was estimated for the reduction of the thiol ester with NADH. The enzyme did not catalyze the reduction of formate with NADH. The NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase of H. polymorpha showed a low affinity for formate (Km of 40 mM) but a relatively high affinity for S-formylglutathione (Km of 1.1 mM). The Km values of formate dehydrogenase in cell-free extracts of methanol-grown Candida biodinii and Pichia pinus for S-formylglutathione were also an order of magnitude lower than those for formate. It is concluded that S-formylglutathione rather than free formate is an intermediate in the oxidation of methanol by yeasts.

Aldehyde Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1976

Growth of Hansenula polymorpha in a methanol-limited chemostat. Physiological responses due to the involvement of methanol oxidase as a key enzyme in methanol metabolism.

Hansenula polymorpha has been grown in a methanol-limited continuous culture at a variety of dilution rates. Cell suspensions of the yeast grown at a dilution rate of 0.16 h-1 showed a maximal capacity to oxidize excess methanol (QmaxO2) which was 1.6 times higher than the rate required to sustain the growth rate (QO2). When the dilution rate was decreased to 0.03 h-1, QmaxO2 of cells increased to a value of more than 20 times that of QO2. The enzymatic basis for this tremendous overcapacity for the oxidation of excess methanol at low growth rates was found to be the methanol oxidase content of the cells. The level of this enzyme increased from 7% to approximately 20% of the soluble protein when the growth rate was decreased from 0.16 to 0.03 h-1. These results were explained on the basis of the poor affinity of methanol oxidase for its substrates. Methanol oxidase purified from Hansenula polymorpha showed an apparent Km for methanol of 1.3 mM in air saturated reaction mixtures and the apparent Km of the enzyme for oxygen was 0.4 mM at a methanol concentration of 100 mM. The involvement of an oxygen dependent methanol oxidase in the dissimilation of methanol in Hansenula polymprpha was also reflected in the growth yield of the organism. The maximal yield of the yeast was found to be low (0.38 g cells/g methanol). This was not due to a very high maintenance energy requirement which was estimated to be 17 mg methanol/g cells X h.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1976

[Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma].

A case of diffused malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum in a 64-year-old man is presented. This mesothelioma, of the papillary type, was complicated, after a year without significant clinical symptoms, by the development of ascites and obstructive upper bowel ileus. Physiological-anatomical and clinical aspects, as well as special radiologic findings and therapeutic regimens, are discussed in the light of the literature. It is recommended that all patients with malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum be treated by total abdominal irradiation and intreperitoneal instillation of colloid P32.

Ascites↗
PubMed1976

[Directions for mammography from a radiological viewpoint].

A significant decrease in mortality due to breast cancer is feasible only by earlier diagnosis. The decisive screening method is mammography, which permits identification of a malignancy in its earliest stages. Indirect and direct signs of malignancy exist whose detection necessitates biopsy. Radiological examination of the tissue sample permits evaluation of the adequacy of excision and thus renders possible specific histological examination of the region of interest. Pneumocystography is a method for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy of benign cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Bronchial carcinoids (author's transl)].

Of 35 patients with bronchial carcinoids seen at the Kantonsspital Zürich during 16 years, 33 underwent an operative resection. The endoscopic resection is not recommended because of the risk of hemorrhage recurrence, and that this operation results in only partial removal of carcinoids which develop extrabronchially. It is concluded that bronchial carcinoids are potentially malignant tumours and that resection should be most radical if they show recurrence, invasive growth or metastases. Controls are necessary for a long period of time because even in presence of metastases the growth is very slow.

Adolescent↗