Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Ott

Publications and source records attributed to R Ott.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Improvement of vocal cord paresis after thyroidectomy.

Iatrogenic vocal cord paralysis is a well-publicized complication of thyroid and parathyroid operations. Less appreciated is the improvement of vocal cord function after resection of a thyroid or parathyroid tumor. Over the last 22 years, 14 patients presented with vocal cord paresis in the presence of thyroid or parathyroid tumors. Of these 14 patients, nine had complete resolution of paresis following resection of the thyroid or parathyroid tumors: three had a thyroid carcinoma impinging upon the nerve, three had large colloid goiters, two had a follicular adenoma and one had a parathyroid adenoma displacing the nerve. In five of the 14 patients the vocal cord paralysis persisted after operation. In three, the pathology accounted for the vocal cord paralysis and was not amenable to operative improvement: one patient had an unresectable anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, one patient had long-standing idiopathic unilateral vocal cord paralysis, and one patient had laryngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma with thyroid invasion. The fourth patient had an extensive thyroid hemangioma. The paralysis persisted after resection. The fifth patient had long-standing idiopathic vocal cord palsy. A preoperative vocal cord paresis in a patient with thyroid or parathyroid disease does not indicate permanent loss of recurrent nerve function, even in the presence of carcinoma. In this series, vocal cord function was restored in 9 of 10 patients with resectable thyroid or parathyroid tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The total artificial heart as a bridge to transplantation. A report of two cases.

In 1985, at the University of Arizona, Tucson, two attempts were made to "bridge" patients from impending death to heart transplantation, using orthotopically positioned total artificial hearts. The first attempt, using an unapproved device on an emergency basis, failed after transplantation because of severe pulmonary edema and Pseudomonas pneumonia and the apparent transmission of a Pseudomonas infection from donor to recipient. The second experience, using a Jarvik-7 device, led to stable support for nine days with one major complication, a reversible neurologic deficit with no associated computed tomographic scan abnormality. This patient survived cardiac transplantation and, after being successfully treated for complications, has made a full recovery and returned to full-time work.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Heterogeneity of osteogenesis imperfecta. Biochemical and morphological findings in a case of type III according to Sillence.

A male infant with pale-blue sclerae, who died at the age of 6 weeks through the aspiration of food, presented multiple fractures and deformation of the long tubular bones. The clinical and radiological findings and the course indicated osteogenesis imperfecta, type III, according to Sillence's classification. The family history was unremarkable. Light and electron microscopic studies of iliac crest bone obtained postmortem, showed an abrupt interruption of endochondral ossification, with an active periosteal ossification. In the region of the fractures, a mixed desmochondral callus was seen. The endoplasmic reticulum of the osteoblasts was markedly dilated, the mitochondria were swollen. The osteoid was reduced in quantity. A postmortem analysis of the collagen types I, II and III obtained from skin, cartilage and bone yielded chromatographically normal collagen constituents. An analysis of the amino acids of the collagen alpha-chains showed an increased hydroxylysine content. The radiological findings and the clinical course both indicated type III osteogenesis imperfecta: identical biochemical findings have been described only for type II. The morphological and biochemical findings described here may be a manifestation of a variable expressivity of type III osteogenesis imperfecta. On the other hand, heterogeneity of type II osteogenesis imperfecta cannot be ruled out.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

[Age-dependent differences in the pharmacodynamic effect of topically applied Corticosteroids].

The results of comparative studies with corticosteroid topicals on age-associated differences are presented. In each of the test series 10 to 14 subjects were included, either young adults aged 18-24 years or older adults aged 65-76 years. Tests on vasoconstriction were carried out with alcoholic solutions of amcinonide (the active principle of the dermatic Amciderm), betamethasone 17-valerate and triamcinolone acetonide. Comparative studies with ointments included clobetasol 17-propionate instead of triamcinolone acetonide. Additionally, the kerosene test was performed to evaluate the age-dependency of this non-allergic inflammatory response and also to compare the antiinflammatory activity of the corticosteroids due to the age differences. In the vasoconstriction tests higher potencies were determined in the younger than in the older test subjects. In the kerosene test significant differences could be shown between the age classes with a view to the reaction to the irritant as well as the suppressive activity of the corticosteroids. Since the individual variations in the older groups were greater than those in the younger groups, the differences between the steroids were less distinct in the former ones. In testing and in therapeutic administration of corticosteroid topicals age differences should be regarded in view of skin reaction.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Localization of ectopic parathyroid adenomas by the technetium-thallium subtraction scan.

Among numerous methods utilized for preoperative localization of hyperfunctioning ectopic parathyroid tissue, the technetium-thallium scan appears to be a major advance. Eight patients are presented where this method located ectopic parathyroid tissue in the neck, in the mediastinum, within the pericardium, and within the thyroid gland. To date, these findings have been confirmed operatively in five of the eight patients. On the basis of our limited experience, the authors believe that this is a valuable method in the preoperative localization of ectopic parathyroid tissue, especially in patients with persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism following a thorough neck exploration.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

The appearance of the pyramidal lobe on thyroid scintigraphy.

The standard nuclear medicine textbooks describe the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid as arising from the upper part of the thyroid lobes. Anatomy and surgical texts however describe it as a thyroglossal tract remnant and state that it arises from the isthmus. Review of 150 thyroid scintigrams confirms that on scintigraphy the pyramidal lobe does appear to originate from the upper pole. We have used single photon emission tomography to demonstrate the true origin of the pyramidal lobe by removing overlying thyroid tissue. We suggest that the pyramidal lobe arises from the isthmus and the appearances on scintigraphy are due to the lower part of the lobe being obscured behind the main thyroid lobe.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Sonographic diagnosis and follow-up study of a congenital brain tumor].

In a newborn with neurologic abnormalities a congenital brain tumor was found by gray scale sonography. By its dense structures the tumor could easily be separated from the surrounding healthy brain. Development of hydrocephalus and cystic degeneration of both hemispheres was observed by serial ultrasonography studies, which were in accordance with computerized tomography and post mortem examination.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Simulation model for gynecologic specimen classification in a high-resolution prescreening system.

Presentation is made of the design of a statistical model for the generation of "artificial specimens" to be used in the development and testing of a high-resolution prescreening system for gynecologic specimen classification. The model is based on two considerations: (1) the nature of the biologic material to be examined and (2) the system to be studied, which in this case is the FAZYTAN cervical prescreening system. Since gynecologic specimens that belong to the same clinical class (Papanicolaou group) have similar compositions of the different cytologic cell types, the simulation model presented is based on the close relationship between the degree of cancer suspiciousness expressed in the clinical diagnostic group and the composition of the cellular samples on a specimen. Statistically, the model considered here is based on an analysis of the single-cell classification (SCC) output process, taking the inherent system properties into account. The statistical information obtained by evaluating large sets of labelled cells is then used to produce artificially generated point distributions in the SCC decision space ("artificial specimens"), which can be used for examination of system reactions under controlled conditions. False-positive and false-negative error rates and system operation characteristics can be measured, and the effects of varying cell compositions as well as the relative performance of different specimen classifiers can be investigated. Although the "artificial specimens" thus created allow the investigation of system reactions with respect to a great variety of input processes, they cannot replace experiments on thousands of original specimens in order to measure system quality under realistic conditions.

Cytological Techniques↗
PubMed1984

Successful adrenal autotransplantation in Cushing's disease.

Since Cushing's disease was delineated as a distinct entity, a wide array of therapeutic modalities has been employed to treat its symptoms, which are primarily the result of hypercortisolism. With the advent of pituitary polytomography and the concept of microadenomas, a wave of enthusiasm has developed in recent years in favor of transsphenoidal microdissection. In a recent national survey, however, one third of 30 endocrinologists reported cure rates below 60% and, according to several respondents, recurrence was a serious problem at 50% or greater incidence. We report on four patients treated by bilateral adrenalectomy and autotransplantation. They were weaned off all corticosteroid medication for up to 6 years. Two of the four patients have demonstrable iodocholesterol uptake at the site of autotransplantation. We also report on three additional patients who are taking reduced doses of cortisone. All seven patients have no demonstrable iodocholesterol uptake in the adrenal fossae or other possible ectopic sites. We believe that bilateral adrenalectomy with autotransplantation is a worthy alternative in the long-term treatment of Cushing's disease.

19-Iodocholesterol↗
PubMed1983

[Pseudohypohyperparathyroidism with the phenotype of the tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome].

A 14 year old boy with essential signs of the tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type II (Langer-Giedion-Syndrome) showed multiple areas of osteolysis as well as nephrolithiasis of the left kidney. Urine analysis revealed hypercalciuria and a lacking excretion of c-AMP. Following the Ellsworth-Howard-Test (200 U parathyroid hormone i.v.) neither the phosphate excretion increased nor c-AMP could be detected. The present results are in accordance with an isolated insensitivity of the kidney to parathyroid hormone on one hand and a regulatorily caused hyperparathyroid response on the other with ensueing hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Perichondro-cutaneous graft.

A perichondro-cutaneous graft uniquely provides skin cover with the potential of generating its own cartilaginous support. An initial laboratory investigation is reported, and various applications of this graft to reconstructive facial surgery are proposed. Several clinical cases are presented.

Adult↗