Biomedical subjects

R Orvieto

Publications and source records attributed to R Orvieto.

149 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of smoking on concentration, motility and zona-free hamster test on human sperm.

The effect of smoking on sperm concentration, motility, and zona-free hamster egg sperm penetration assay (SPA) was evaluated in 293 smokers of more than 10 cigarettes/day and 382 nonsmokers. Prerequisites for inclusion in the study were sperm concentration of greater than 10 x 10(6)/ml, sperm motility of greater than 30%, and normal morphology of greater than 60%. Although a lower sperm concentration was found in smokers, no significant difference was observed in sperm motility and SPA.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The clinical significance of slightly elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels.

The use of highly sensitive procedures for detecting human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has brought about an increasing occurrence of test results that are difficult to interpret. Furthermore, different results on the same serum sample can be obtained by different methods of measurement and, in extreme cases, serum hCG may be positive by one method and negative by the other. These observations are important, since patients may be hospitalized and receive unnecessary treatment as a result of confusing laboratory data. The clinical significance of slightly elevated serum hCG level is reviewed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Menstrual characteristics of women suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of menarche and menstrual disturbances among women suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and to evaluate their correlation to the onset of diabetes, its duration, and complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the menstrual regularity and gynecologic and fertility history of 100 women suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. These data were compared with information obtained from the patients' medical records regarding the age at onset of diabetes, its management, control, and complications. RESULTS: The average age at menarche was 13.5 years. Delayed menarche tended to appear in girls whose diabetes was diagnosed before the age of menarche, and before the age of 10 years. Menstrual disturbances, such as oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, and polymenorrhea, occurred in 32% of the women. A significant correlation was found between late menarche and menstrual disturbances. Furthermore, patients with diabetic complications had a higher incidence of menstrual disorders compared with uncomplicated diabetic patients. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who had been diagnosed prior to menarche had a higher probability of delayed menarche, and were at higher risk for development of menstrual disturbances, including amenorrhea with subsequent fertility disorders.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The use of fibrin sealant in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of fibrin sealant for embryo transfer (ET) and the effect of patient mobilization after ET on pregnancy rates. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, controlled study. METHODS: Two hundred eleven patients who were admitted to the IVF Unit over a period of 6 months participated in the study. Patients who had three or more embryos were randomly divided into two groups: group 1 (study group), in which ET was performed using fibrin sealant, and group 2, who served as the controls. Ovulation induction was carried out using the long GnRH-a suppression protocol. RESULTS: Comparison of the results regarding the implantation and pregnancy rates and ectopic pregnancy rate revealed a nonsignificant difference between the two groups. However, analysis of the results according to the patients' age revealed a significant increase in pregnancy (P < .05) and implantation (P < .01) rate in elderly patients (aged 39-42) using fibrin sealant for ET as compared with controls. Furthermore, we found that bed rest has no advantage over patient mobilization after ET. CONCLUSION: The use of fibrin sealant for ET is advantageous in elderly women, but has no apparent effect on the success rate or ectopic pregnancy rate in younger patients. Immediate mobilization does not jeopardize the results of IVF-ET.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Interleukin-2 production by cultured human granulosa cells.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cultured human granulosa cells (GC) produce Interleukin (IL)-2 and whether this GC IL-2 production may be regulated by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human GC derived from preovulatory follicles during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles were cultured in the absence or presence of hCG. Interleukin-2 was measured in tissue-culture medium by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system. RESULTS: Cultured GCs were demonstrated to produce IL-2 in vitro. Moreover, a positive, but not statistically significant, dose-response effect was demonstrated between culture supernatant IL-2 levels and hCG concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that human GC produce IL-2 and that this production might be regulated by hCG. These results lend credence to the theory that IL-2 might be involved in the events leading to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Cells, Cultured↗