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Biomedical subjects

R Oren

Publications and source records attributed to R Oren.

122 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Demyelination and cytopathic effects in cultures of mammalian dorsal root ganglia infected with encephalomyocarditis virus.

Replication of encephalomyocarditis virus and its cytopathic effects were studied in myelinated cultures of dorsal root ganglia obtained from newborn mice. Six hours after infection virus progeny was detected in the culture. At 24 h the virus titer reached 2 times 10(6) PFU per culture and remained at this level until 48 h. The first cytopathic alterations began at 24 h and consisted of rounding of Schwann and satellites cells and their detachment from neurons. Later, bead-like swellings of the myelin appeared along the axons followed by splitting and degeneration of lamellae. The cytopathic effect in the neurons started 29 h after infection, reaching complete neuronolysis at 48 h. Virus particles, scattered or arranged in crystal-like aggregates, were first seen in the cytoplasm of glial cells and then in neurons and axons.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extensive spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage: an unusual complication of heparin anticoagulation during pregnancy.

A 27-year-old patient at 13 weeks' gestation maintained on subcutaneous heparinization due to hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C (SC) sickle cell disease and previous splenic vein thrombosis presented with spontaneous acute onset of severe left lower abdominal and groin pain. The pain, which radiated to the anterior aspect of the thigh, was associated with nausea and vomiting and was exacerbated by extension of the left lower extremity. The patient was hemodynamically stable, yet during the first 24 h of hospitalization a marked decrease in hematocrit from 29% to 22% occurred. Contrast computed tomography (CT) revealed an extensive abdominal-pelvic, retroperitoneal hematoma extending approximately 15 cm in length from above L5 cephalad to below the greater trochanter of the left femur caudally. The retroperitoneal hemorrhage self-tamponaded and did not require surgical management. The dosage of heparin was decreased and maintained with appropriate activated partial prothrombin (aPTT) levels. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage complicating heparin anticoagulation in pregnancy. Unusual hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulation therapy are discussed.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intratracheal pulmonary ventilation in premature infants and children with intractable hypercapnia.

The feasibility of intratracheal pulmonary ventilation (ITPV) was tested in five ventilated moribund neonatal and pediatric patients with uncontrollable hypercapnia: a 2-year-old child, a 52-day-old infant, and three premature infants (29, 29, and 26 weeks gestation; 1300 g, 1100 g and 890 g birth weight, respectively). ITPV was applied for 9.5, 8, 25, 58.5, and 47.5 hr, respectively. An intratracheal catheter (Cook Critical Care, Inc., Bloomington, IN) with a reversed continuous flow of gas at its tip (away from the lungs) allowed flushing of CO2 from the proximal dead space. Marked reductions in Paco2, ranging from 37% to 71% and improvement in pH were achieved within 4-6 hr of applying ITPV. During ITPV, the mean lowest Paco2 was significantly less than the pre-ITPV Paco2 (p < 0.0017), and the mean best pH was significantly higher than the pre-ITPV pH (p < 0.015). In four patients, despite significant reductions in Paco2, there was no substantial improvement in their baseline condition (shock and severe metabolic acidosis or coma) and they were switched back to conventional ventilation. This led to worsening hypercapnia to pre-ITPV values. These four patients subsequently died. It is possible that these patients were already too ill to derive significant benefit from the technique. One premature infant survived, was successfully weaned to conventional ventilation and was eventually discharged home. ITPV can alleviate uncontrollable hypercapnia in ventilated neonatal and pediatric patients.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elevated growth hormone levels in patients with non-alcoholic chronic liver disease.

High serum concentrations of growth hormone (GH) were found in five patients with chronic liver diseases, including auto-immune chronic active hepatitis (two cases), Budd-Chiari syndrome, primary biliary cirrhosis and hepatitis B virus associated cirrhosis. Mean levels of GH were 27.8 units (normal up to 5). In three patients elevated prolactin levels were also found (mean 37.3 units for two females, normal up to 20), and 36 units in one male (normal up to 9). No other endocrine disorders were found. Although the association of raised GH levels in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis is well known, its occurrence in patients with non-alcoholic chronic liver disease is not fully established. We describe the effect of the disease course, and steroid treatment on GH levels in one patient with auto-immune chronic active hepatitis, and propose possible mechanisms for this elevation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Emergence of electronic home monitoring in chronic heart failure: rationale, feasibility, and early results with the HomMed Sentry-Observer system.

Electronic home monitoring for chronic heart failure is emerging as an available option to add to our armamentarium as a vital part of the multidisciplinary care process. This investigation describes the early clinical results of a multicenter study that suggests that important trends in medical resource utilization may be attained by the use of this modality. (c)2000 by CHF, Inc.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cefuroxime-induced fever.

OBJECTIVE: To report on three patients with cefuroxime-induced fever. CASE SUMMARIES: Recurrence of fever was noted in three patients after five to seven days of cefuroxime sodium therapy for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. No source of infection was found and the fevers resolved within 30 hours of drug discontinuation. One patient was rechallenged; the same pattern of fever resulted. DISCUSSION: Fever secondary to cephalosporin administration is reviewed and the place of cephalosporins in the differential diagnosis of fever is postulated. CONCLUSIONS: Cefuroxime should be added to the list of cephalosporins that induce fever.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Indomethacin-induced colonic ulceration and bleeding.

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. CASE SUMMARY: A patient in whom short-term ingestion of indomethacin was associated with colonic ulceration and significant gastrointestinal bleeding is described. DISCUSSION: The bleeding ulceration of the ascending colon, associated in our patient with short-term indomethacin intake, confirms previous reports of the drug's deleterious effect on the lower GI tract. The incidence of NSAID injury of the small intestinal colon may be higher than that previously reported. CONCLUSIONS: A prospective study of NSAID users could assess the magnitude of lower GI lesions, concomitant with upper GI evaluation, and help determine limitations in the use of this drug class.

Aged↗