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Biomedical subjects

R Omdal

Publications and source records attributed to R Omdal.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Mental health status in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Mental health status was assessed in 43 SLE patients and 32 healthy controls applying the GHQ-30 version of The General Health Questionnaire. A 46.5% prevalence of non-psychotic psychiatric disturbance was found in SLE patients compared to 15.6% in the control group (p = 0.01). Factor analysis displayed that SLE patients reported far more depression and difficulty in coping compared to controls. In SLE patients, impaired mental health showed significant associations to several disease associated neurological manifestations, as well as to disease activity. The results indicate that the disease itself influences the psychological well being in a substantial number of patients with SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Autonomic function in systemic lupus erythematosus.

A controlled study with paired analysis of data was performed in 34 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 34 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Autonomic function was not affected significantly in SLE patients as judged by standardised cardiovascular tests. Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) response to meal stimulation, which is impaired in parasympathetic failure, was for unknown reasons found to be significantly increased in SLE patients both in unstimulated and stimulated states. Neither cardiovascular nor serological tests could thus reveal significant autonomic dysfunction in SLE. Drugs with cardiovascular effects highly influenced autonomic function and could thus be misinterpreted as autonomic dysfunction caused by SLE itself.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A controlled study of peripheral neuropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus.

In 34 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls we performed standardized quantifiable neurological testing for neuropathic symptoms (Neuropathic Symptom Score) and deficits (Neurological Disability Score), as well as nerve conduction velocity studies (NCV) and determination of vibration thresholds (VT). SLE patients had more neuropathic symptoms and deficits than controls. Most quantitative and qualitative NCV attributes showed no difference between patients and controls. However, if categorized as NCV abnormalities of 2 or more nerves in each individual, a frequency of polyneuropathy of 21% was seen in SLE patients compared to 6% in controls. VT indicated a slight, but widespread, diffuse polyneuropathy in patients compared to controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Adult-onset Still's disease. Diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment].

The article describes two cases of adult Still's disease and reviews the relevant literature. Adult onset Still's disease is characterized by high peaks of fever, arthritis, arthralgia, rash, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leucocytosis, liver dysfunction and negative tests for antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factors. Still's disease should be regarded as a possible differential diagnosis in adult patients who present such features.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Peripheral neuropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus.

We studied 33 consecutive patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for neuropathy by employing the Neuropathy Symptom Score (NSS), Neurological Disability Score (NDS), EMG and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) studies, and determinations of vibration thresholds (VT). Polyneuropathy defined as NCV abnormalities of two or more nerves occurred in seven patients (21%). Neuropathic symptoms showed a poor correlation with NCV and VT, while clinical neuropathic signs, VT, and NCV correlated with each other in most instances. When reporting frequencies of neuropathy in SLE, NCV studies should be used as a basis. NSS, NDS, and VT give additional quantifiable information and can be useful in the follow-up of patients and for evaluating the response to therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Muscular weakness in systemic lupus erythematosus.

We systematically evaluated muscular weakness in a series of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using standardized neurological scoring systems, namely Neuropathy Symptom Score for symptoms, and Neurological Disability Score for signs. Symptoms of weakness were statistically associated with clinical and electrophysiological evidence of nerve and muscle disease. Signs of weakness were statistically associated with malaise, disease activity, anemia, age, and raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Various disease associated variables influenced symptoms and signs differently. It is important to define a baseline characterizing muscular weakness in SLE before conclusions are drawn regarding its significance and prevalence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Central nervous symptoms and findings in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a disease characterized by multiple autoimmune phenomena, and a broad clinical spectrum. Involvement of the central nervous system is common, and in the majority of patients occurs mainly as an organic brain syndrome or as migraineous headache. Cerebral atrophy as judged by CT scan is common. Cerebral infarction occurs in a minority of patients, mainly those with high disease activity and a high titer of anti-phospholipid antibodies. Systemic lupus erythematosus should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients with certain central nervous system aberrations, especially young females.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Neuromuscular symptoms and findings in systemic lupus erythematosus].

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) gives rise to a variety of autoimmune and clinical phenomena in a multisystem manner. Both the central and peripheral nervous systems are involved as well as skeletal muscle. Based on our work with SLE patients, we describe the different categories of peripheral neuropathy and myopathy. We suggest that the disease be considered as a possible diagnosis, especially when evaluating women with symptoms and signs of neuromuscular abnormalities.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1990

[Primary Sjögren's syndrome--more than a dry mouth and dry eyes].

Primary Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease mainly affecting exocrine glands. The cardinal symptoms are keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia, the sicca complex, in addition to extraglandular manifestations. The diverse clinical picture and the therapeutic aspect of the syndrome are discussed.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[The antiphospholipid syndrome].

Coagulopathy leading to arterial and venous thrombosis is sometimes seen in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is caused by antiphospholipid antibodies reacting with negatively charged phospholipid constituents of membranes and coagulation factors. The patients may also suffer from recurrent fetal loss and neurological manifestations, and may have intermittent thrombocytopenia and low serum concentration of complement factor C4. Patients without evidence of SLE or other immunological disorders may also exhibit this antiphospholipid antibody-associated thrombotic tendency. The patients are often young women, and it is important to be aware of this kind of coagulopathy, because it may take a most severe course in some of the persons affected.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinical neurological, electrophysiological, and cerebral CT scan findings in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Thirty SLE patients underwent clinical neurological examination, electrophysiological studies, cerebral computer tomographic (CT) scans, and blood sampling. Nineteen patients (63%) had clinical neuropsychiatric and 10 patients (33%) had clinical neuromuscular manifestations. Migrainous headache affecting 11 patients (37%) was the most prevalent clinical manifestation. Electrophysiological testing revealed abnormal electroencephalography in 10 patients (33%). Abnormal electromyography and nerve conduction velocity were found in 13 (43%) and 7 (24%) patients respectively. Abnormal visual evoked response was detected in 2 patients. Cerebral CT scans displayed cerebral atrophy in 20 patients (71%), while 6 patients (21%) had cerebral infractions. Disease activity assessed by two different tests revealed a higher prevalence of cerebral infarctions, classical migraine, muscular weakness, and pathological electromyography and nerve conduction velocity in the higher disease activity groups. Cerebral infarctions were only found among anti-Ro negative patients, but apart from this, no significant association could be found between coagulopathy, circulating immune complexes, cryoglobulins, routine immunological tests, medication, and any clinical, electrophysiological or cerebral CT pathology.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1988

Clinical neuropsychiatric and neuromuscular manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Thirty patients with SLE were studied retrospectively and subjected to clinical neurological examination. The accumulated neurological manifestations from the beginning of the disease until the time of examination were thus collected. Twenty-five patients (83%) had experienced neuropsychiatric manifestations while 11 patients (37%) had neuromuscular manifestations. The most frequent single symptom was migraine which had occurred in 40% of the patients. This was followed by severe protracted headache in 20%, vertigo in 20%, and psychiatric problems in 17%. Carpal tunnel syndrome and muscular weakness both occurring in 23% of the patients were the most prevalent neuromuscular manifestations, followed by myositis in 10%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Renal affection in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis.

In a retrospective study of 148 patients with well-defined ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PSA) or reactive arthritis (ReA) an 11% prevalence of idiopathic hematuria, proteinuria, or cylinduria was found in the former two groups. None of the patients with ReA had unexplained pathological urinary findings. Such findings were associated with raised ESR and presence of peripheral arthritis in AS and with the duration of disease in PSA. No patient lacking sacroiliitis showed pathological urinary findings. We believe that such findings may reflect nephropathy associated with AS and PSA.

Adolescent↗