Biomedical subjects
R Olivier-Martin
Publications and source records attributed to R Olivier-Martin.
[Depressive disorders. Development of the nosographic concepts].
Between the nosological position of Kraepelin a century ago and the present situation, there are only surface differences despite all what has been claimed. Main lines separating entities remain the same and the consensus on the value of evolution, as a key factor for nosological problems, is not questioned. However, concepts characterising subtypes have changed and, overall, the many attempts in this direction in the last 30 years have not been unanimously accepted. These concepts appear heterogeneous enough since they tackle either the notion of clinical type, or of etiology, or of prognosis. The predictive value of these various concepts is discussed.
[Psychological factors, compliance and resistance to antidepressant treatment].
The compliance, or the degree of adhesion of the patient to the doctor's prescription, is a variable which must be taken into account in the interpretation of the results of a given treatment. It is generally estimated that the level of non-compliance with psychotropic or other classes of drugs is between 20 and 50% of cases. Among the factors favouring non-compliance, the authors initially discuss those related to the drug and to the modalities of prescription: severity of side effects, quality of clinical improvement obtained, complexity and duration of treatment. However, many other factors also appear to be involved, particularly related to the patient: personal beliefs and the attitude towards the disease and the drug can constitute important factors of resistance, and to the psychiatrist, whose attitude can never be considered to be neutral in relation to a particular drug or to a particular patient. The capacity of the therapist to manage and control the treatment is an essential part of the therapeutic relationship between the doctor and his patient.
[Epidemiologic study of psychic morbidity in a group of future teachers].
An epidemiological study of prevalence of psychopathology in a sample of students on secondary-school teachers training is presented and compared with that of a control group (N = 118). This study is based on standardized clinical interviews of the subjects which were in turn evaluated blind, by a psychiatrist. The main interest of the study was to investigate the psychopathological tendencies of future teachers which the practice of the teaching profession may tend to highlight. The results of the comparative study show that: 1. the incidence of psychopathological instability and its evolution across the four year period studied here are high across all groups. This general finding leads us to assume that to a certain limited degree, psychopathological manifestations in the post-adolescent period (18-25 ans) has prognostic value; 2. the differentiating factor between the two groups lies in the evolution of the psychopathological symptoms. In the group of future teachers, an increase in pathology across the four year period can be observed while the pathology in the control group virtually diminished. An attempt to explain this phenomena is made in terms of several differential situational factors characterizing the two groups.
[Schizophrenic inhibition].
The term "schizophrenic inhibition" can be related to different phenomenons. On one hand, there are symptoms of inhibition dealing with ideal, affects and motor behavior that are better described in terms of dissociation than simple deficiency. On the other hand, all along the evolution of the psychosis, we can see the onset of depressive syndroms where inhibition seems to be related to different mechanisms. Finally, the existence of deficit evolutions allows us to talk about the notion of deterioration which plays a major role in the history of the concept of schizophrenia.
[Acute states of anxiety].
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[Sleep in elderly subjects. Description, analysis of various data obtained in a rural population].
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[Neuropsychiatry in 1973].
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[Procedure for assessing anxiety; therapeutic results].
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[Action of sugars on the blood alcohol level].
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