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Biomedical subjects

R Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to R Ohno.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Treatment of multiple myeloma with recombinant human leukocyte A interferon.

A phase II study of recombinant human leukocyte A interferon was conducted in 64 patients with multiple myeloma in a multi-institutional cooperative trial. Partial remission was achieved in ten (21.3%) of 47 evaluable patients and minor response was observed in five (10.6%). Side effects were noted in more than two-thirds of the patients. They included fever (58%), malaise (20%), anorexia (52%), nausea and vomiting (26%), lethargy (2%), and myelosuppression (56%). An antibody to recombinant human leukocyte A interferon was detected in one of 20 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A randomized trial of chemoimmunotherapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in adults using a protein-bound polysaccharide preparation.

The effect of immunotherapy with a protein-bound polysaccharide preparation termed PSK on remission duration and survival of adults with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) was studied in a prospective randomized cooperative trial. After having achieved complete remission and receiving a consolidation therapy, 73 patients were randomized either to maintenance chemotherapy or to maintenance chemotherapy plus immunotherapy with PSK. Ultimately 36 patients in the chemotherapy group and 31 in the chemoimmunotherapy group were evaluable. Six months after the last entry, immunotherapy with PSK showed a borderline beneficial effect on remission duration (P = 0.089) and on duration of survival (P = 0.062). When the data were analyzed 12, 18, and 24 months after the last entry there were no significant differences in duration of remission and survival between the two groups. However, analysis of the data of patients who had maintained complete remission for more than 270 days revealed that immunotherapy had a suggestive beneficial effect (P = 0.105), prolonging the 50% remission period by 418 days (885 vs 467 days). Thus, immunotherapy with PSK seems to be active in the treatment of adult ANLL when used for maintenance therapy in combination with chemotherapy, especially in patients with a good prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

2',3'-Cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with demyelinating diseases.

We aimed to study the level of CNPase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with demyelinating diseases and other neurological diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis, with reference to CSF myelin basic protein content. CNPase activity was measured paper chromatographically using radioactive 2',3'-cAMP as a substrate. Myelin basic protein content was measured with a radioimmunoassay. The mean level of CNPase activity was significantly higher for multiple sclerosis than for nonneurological controls. Dividing the disease phases of multiple sclerosis into the three periods, the CNPase activity was found to be significantly elevated in the worsening period and reduced in the improving period and the inactive period. The level of CNPase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis coincided with the clinical activity of the disease. The level of CNPase activity correlated well (r = 0.84) with the level of myelin basic protein content in cerebrospinal fluid. The ratio for CNPase activity and myelin basic protein content in cerebrospinal fluid was almost the same as that in human central nerve myelin. We concluded that CNPase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid from neurological patients is an indicator of destruction of myelin in the central nervous system, and the measurement of CNPase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis could be useful in the clinical management.

2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide 3'-Phosphodiesterase↗
PubMed1984

[Therapeutic effect of ceftizoxime on severe infectious complications in blood disorders. Tohkai Research Group on Infections in Hematopoietic Disorders].

Ceftizoxime (CZX) was given by intravenous injection in daily doses of 2-8 g to 103 patients with severe infections complicating hematopoietic disorders. The clinical effect was evaluated in 95 of the 103 patients. The causative organisms were identified in 22 patients but were unknown in the remaining 73. Infected sites were the respiratory tract, urinary tract, soft tissue, and blood. The overall effectiveness rate (inclusive of marked and moderate) was 61.1% (58/95). The effectiveness rate was 63.6% (14/22) in patients in whom the causative organisms were identified and 60.3% (44/73) in patients in whom the causative organisms could not be identified and 60.0% (18/30) in 30 patients with less than 100 neutrophils per mm3 before treatment. No side effects were noted except drug fever in 1 patient. Abnormal hepatic function was seen in 6 patients but was not attributed to the drug in any case. The results indicate that CZX is a safe and useful antibiotic for the treatment of severe infectious complications in hematopoietic disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Induction of transplantation resistance to murine L1210 leukemia cells in BCG-primed mice by immunization with tuberculin protein-coupled L1210 cells.

By priming with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and subsequent immunization with L1210 leukemia cells to which purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) had been coupled, a resistance to L1210 leukemia but not to syngeneic P388 leukemia was induced in DBA/2 and CDF1 mice. Separate injections of mitomycin C-treated L1210 cells and PPD also induced the resistance, but it was established only when they were administered simultaneously. PPD-coupled cells seemed to play a more important role than BCG, since the immunoprophylaxis was observed when L1210 challenge was made at the sites of PPD-L1210 immunization, but was not observed when L1210 challenge was made at the sites of BCG priming.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of hematological malignancies with recombinant leukocyte A interferon (rIFN-alpha A)].

Twenty-three cases of hematological malignancies (18 plasma cell neoplasm, 2 leukemia and 2 malignant lymphoma) were treated with recombinant human leukocyte interferon (rIFN-alpha A). Among plasma cell neoplasms, excellent and good responses were obtained in 1 case of IgG myeloma and 1 case of Bence-Jones myeloma respectively and fair response was obtained in 5 other cases. Response rats was 11.4%, or 38.9% if fair response was included. Partial remission was obtained in 1 case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In one of 2 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, marked reduction of peripheral leukemia cells was noted. Side effects included fever (65%), malaise (20%), nausea-anorexia (43%), leukopenia (52%) and thrombocytopenia (52%). However, all were not serious and disappeared quickly after discontinuation of rIFN-alpha A.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Prolonged remission in a patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) by methyl 6-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU)].

A 44-year-old woman with Ph1-positive CML achieved a complete remission following small doses of MCNU. She is still in remission after more than 18 months without maintenance therapy. Chromosomal analyses revealed Ph1 chromosomes in 100% of cells before the therapy, and a mosaic of Ph1-positive cells (74%) and negative cells (26%) after the therapy. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase scores were low before the therapy and became normal after the therapy. MCNU seems to be an effective drug for treating CML producing prolonged remission with reappearance of Ph1-negative normal clones in the present case.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[The clinical effects of a new antiviral 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine (aciclovir) against herpes virus infections].

The clinical effects of a new anti-viral 9-(2-hydroxymethoxymethyl) guanine (Aciclovir) against Herpes virus infections have been investigated. The patients had malignant tumours or auto-immune disease complicated by shingles and chicken pox due to Vaicella zoster virus (VZV) (43 cases), Herpes simplex virus (HSV) (10 cases) and 9 cases which were clinically diagnosed as Herpes, though the virus was not confirmed as the causative agent. As a general principle the dosage of Aciclovir was 5 mg/kg, t. i. d. for 5 days by slow intravenous infusion. The clinically effective rate against VZV was 93%, being excellent in 42% and against HSV it was 80%, being excellent in 40% and when the results of the cases of unknown origin were included it was excellent in 40% and the cumulative effective rate was 88%. Concerning the efficacy in reduction of pain, swelling, disappearance of vesicles and new scab formation, the effect was most noticeable after the third day of treatment. Treatment given early in the disease is likely to provide better results. Concerning side effects, one of 62 patients had proteinuria and the other had a drug rash and an abnormal liver function test. It is likely that the combination of treatment and the primary disease had some influence, but the cause/effect relationship to Aciclovir treatment is not clear.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1983

[Phase II study with methyl-6[[[2-chloroethyl) nitrosoamino] carbonyl] amino]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU) in hematological malignancies].

A total of 117 cases with hematological malignancies were treated with MCNU at doses of 70-100 mg/m2. Following are the results obtained. 1. MCNU showed a marked depression of cells in the cases with CML, polycythemia vera and thrombocythemia. The low level of cells was maintained for 2 to 7 months. 2. A good response was observed in several cases with blastic crises of CML. 3. No response was observed in two cases with acute leukemia. 4. Although a fair response was observed in several cases with malignant lymphoma or multiple myeloma, moderate bone marrow suppression was observed in a majority of the cases.

Adult↗