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Biomedical subjects

R Ogawa

Publications and source records attributed to R Ogawa.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Menstrual stage influences postoperative nausea and vomiting following epidural buprenorphine.

BACKGROUND: Although buprenorphine sometimes causes severe emesis, its relation to the menstrual cycle has not been reported. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study on 68 reproductive-age women following lower extremity surgery under epidural anesthesia plus buprenorphine, to assess the effect of the day of the menstrual cycle on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. The patients were divided according to the phase of the menstrual cycle into four groups: day 1-7 group, day 8-14 group, day 15-24 group and day 25 to end of the cycle group. RESULTS: Nausea and vomiting were reported in 46 patients (67.6%), and the incidence was higher in the day 25 to end of the cycle group than in the day 8-14 or day 15-24 groups, and higher in the day 1-7 group than in the day 8-14 group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that emesis after epidural buprenorphine is related to the menstrual cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Paraclinoid carotid artery aneurysms with the dome eroding the anterior clinoid process: preoperative depiction of topography and surgical tactics--two case reports.

A 70-year-old male and a 55-year-old female presented with unruptured aneurysms in the clinoid segment of the carotid artery. Intraoperative rupture during removal of the anterior clinoid process resulted in unintended carotid artery occlusion in the former patient, causing hemispherical infarction and death. However, the aneurysm was successfully clipped due to preoperative recognition of the aneurysmal dome in the clinoid process in the latter. Magnetic resonance angiography and three-dimensional computed tomography angiography source images provide detailed visualization of the topographic anatomy around the paraclinoid aneurysms and are helpful for definite surgical planning.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

Cervical myelopathy in psoriatic spondylitis.

In psoriatic spondylitis, the complication of cervical cord compression with myelopathy is rare. We present a case of psoriatic spondylitis causing cervical myelopathy which required surgical intervention, and review the literature of reported neurological complications in psoriatic spondylitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Could intraoperative analgesia attenuate excessive neuroendocrine responses in surgical patients?

Recently, there has been increasing interest among anesthesiologists in the responses to surgical stress because surgical procedures have become more and more invasive. While the responses are natural and protective in themselves, they may have adverse consequences for the patients. There have been many investigations suggesting that anesthetic techniques such as spinal and epidural analgesia may alter the endocrine response. Some measures which block inflammatory reaction are reported to allow modulation of the response.' In the present study preemptive analgesia for postoperative pain using spinal and extradural blockade, and pre-treatment of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin were applied to patients responses were assessed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

[Selective epidural nerve root block using a superfine fiberscope].

A 65 yr-old male with severe scar pain on his right lower abdomen underwent selective nerve block through epidural space using a superfine fiberscope. A12-gauge Tuohy needle (internal diameter 2.2 mm) was inserted at the intervertebral space of Th12-L1. The fiberscope (external diameter 1.1 mm) was introduced through the needle and the epidural space was observed. When the dura mater of Th12 nerve root level was seen, the patient had pain on the scar area. Then 2% lidocaine 1.5 ml and 60% megumine sodium amidotrizoate 1.5 ml were slowly injected. Soon after injection of anesthetic, analgesia area (Th11-L1) was obtained, and Th12 nerve root was identified by X ray. Epidural blockade using a superfine fiberscope seems to be one of the useful and reliable methods for the selective nerve blockade.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Linear polarized light irradiation around the stellate ganglion area increases skin temperature and blood flow].

We evaluated the effect of linear polarized light irradiation with a SUPER LIZER around the stellate ganglion area on skin temperature and blood flow in healthy adult volunteers. We carried out two experiments (study I and study II). In study I, we investigated one-sided irradiation around the stellate ganglion area or posterior neck on the skin temperature of the bilateral nasus externi and earlobes. In study II, we investigated one-sided irradiation around the stellate ganglion area or posterior neck on the skin temperatures of both hands and skin blood flow on the irradiated side. In study I, irradiation around the stellate ganglion area increased skin temperature on the irradiated sides of the nasus externi (wings of the nose), and in study II, skin temperature and blood flow were increased on the irradiated side of the hands. These results suggest that linear polarized light irradiation with a SUPER LIZER around the stellate ganglion area would be useful and beneficial in clinical therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Helical CT guided lumar sympathetic ganglion block].

Helical CT scan was used as a guide for lumbar sympathetic ganglion block. By examining anatomical location of the block site with the sequential fluoroscope pictures of helical CT scan, we succeeded in the block of sympathetic ganglion easily. It is possible by the use of sequential CT picture to reduce the risk of puncturing essential organ such as the kidney, descending aorta, inferior vena cava and so on. Moreover, we can expect that application of helical CT scan will raise the success rate of block and will decrease the time necessary for the performance of block.

Autonomic Nerve Block↗
PubMed1996

[A clinical evaluation of fluconazole in deep seated fungal infections associated with hematological disorders].

The effectiveness of fluconazole on deep seated fungal infections associated with hematological disorders was evaluated in a multicenter clinical study. The underlying diseases included acute myeloblastic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, malignant lymphoma, adult T cell leukemia, multiple myeloma and others. Fluconazole (FLCZ) was administrated 100-400 mg/day intravenously or orally to 79 patients with systemic fungal infections complicated with hematological disorders and it was possible to evaluate clinical efficacies in 60 patients. 27 patients were diagnosed as having determinate systemic fungal infections and 33 patients suspected fungal infections. The clinical efficacies were 81.5% (22/27) in patients with diagnosed fungal infections and 57.6% (19/33) in patients with suspected fungal infections. The overall clinical efficacy was 68.3% (41/60). No side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms, vascular pain and renal dysfunction were observed in this study. As for abnormal laboratory test, transient increases in GOT, GPT, Al-P, LDH, serum Na, Cl and decrease in serum K were observed in 9 patients (11.4%). These results indicated that FLCZ has a high therapeutic efficacy on deep seated fungal infections in patients with hematological disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Effect of intra-operative fluid on renal function during hypotensive anesthesia with trimethaphan].

During induced hypotensive anesthesia in 26 cases with trimethaphan, either Ringer's lactate solution (LR group) or 2/3 lactate-saline solution (2/3 LS group) was infused at the same rate. Urine volume, creatinine clearance (Ccr), FENa, urinary gamma-GTP index and urinary Na/K ratio were determined before hypotension, during hypotension and after the operation. During hypotension, FENa and urine Na/K ratio decreased in both groups. In 2/3 LS group, these remained low after the operation compared with the values before hypotension and in LR group. These results suggest that LR solution might depress an endocrine response which is induced by hypotensive anesthesia. As urine volume and Ccr were unchanged by hypotension, and infusion of colloid solution (Hespander) could not increase these figures, circulating blood volume might not be decreased during hypotensive anesthesia. Since urinary gamma-GTP index increased slightly during hypotension or after the operation, there might have been a slight epithelial cell damage of tubules with hypotensive anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Maffucci's syndrome involving hemangioma in the cervical spine.

STUDY DESIGN: This is a case report of a patient with Maffucci's syndrome, with hemangioma located in the cervical spine causing paraplegia. OBJECTIVE: To present a rare case of Maffucci's syndrome with hemangioma located in the cervical spine, and to discuss the incidence and treatment of hemangioma located in the central nerve system in Maffucci's syndrome. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Maffucci's syndrome is characterized by enchondromatosis and soft tissue hemangioma. Hemangioma usually is located in the subcutaneous tissue and rarely in the mucosa and visceral organs. There have been no reports in the literature on the incidence of hemangioma in the cervical spine occurring with Maffucci's syndrome. METHODS: The patient was an 11-year-old girl, who complained of muscle weakness of the upper extremity and gait disturbance. After clinical and radiologic evaluation, the patient was diagnosed as having dumbbell tumor of the cervical spine associated with Maffucci's syndrome. RESULTS: The tumor was successfully excised after selective angiography and embolization of the feeding artery from the ascending cervical artery and costocervical trunk, the result being excellent neurologic recovery for the patient. Histologic study showed the tumor was hemangioma similar to the red-blue tissue tumor in the hand. CONCLUSION: The possibility of hemangioma being localized in the spinal column, as well as in the subcutaneous tissue, mucosa, and visceral organ, should be considered in cases of Maffucci's syndrome.

Angiography↗
PubMed1995

Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in cervical spondylosis and spinal canal stenosis.

STUDY DESIGN: This study investigated the clinical usefulness of motor evoked potentials and a silent period after motor evoked potentials produced by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain. OBJECTIVE: The results were correlated with the clinical state of the patients with myelopathy, whereas no abnormality of the conduction time was observed in the patients with spinal canal stenosis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Magnetic stimulation has been widely used for examination of the descending excitatory motor pathways in the central nervous system, but little attention has been paid to cervical spondylosis and spinal canal stenosis. METHODS: Motor evoked potentials were examined in 35 normal subjects, 67 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, and 24 patients with spinal canal stenosis. Motor evoked potentials were evoked by transcranial brain stimulation during relaxation and during maximum voluntary contraction of the target muscle. RESULTS: The central motor conduction time was found to correlate with the clinical state of the myelopathy patients, whereas no abnormality of the conduction time was observed in the patients with spinal canal stenosis. During maximum voluntary contraction of the target muscle, a silent period was always observed after the motor evoked potentials in the normal subjects, and its duration was markedly shortened in the myelopathy patients. CONCLUSIONS: In cervical myelopathy patients, the central motor conduction time was correlated with clinical evaluation and the silent period was significantly shortened. These findings about duration of the central motor conduction time and the silent period might be a useful parameter of spinal pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Increases in pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output due to the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis during operative stress.

Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), cardiac output (CO), and urinary nitrate, a stable endproduct of nitric oxide (NO), were measured pre- and postoperatively in eight patients who underwent esophagectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. A significant elevation of PAP and CO on the day of operation (POD 0) was accompanied by a low concentration of urinary nitrate. A reduction in PAP and CO, and an increase in nitrate to the preoperative levels, were found on PODs 2 and 3, respectively, but urinary nitrate decreased again after POD 3. Consequently, the changes in PAP and CO were closely correlated with the nitrate concentration. These results suggest that operative stress inhibited NO synthesis with a transitory induction of endogenous NO synthesis postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Corticosteroid effect on early beta-adrenergic down-regulation during circulatory shock: hemodynamic study and beta-adrenergic receptor assay.

OBJECTIVES: The steroid effect on critically ill patients remains controversial. The aim of this study is to characterize the effect of methylprednisolone on the heart in a beta-adrenergically down-regulated condition. DESIGN: A prospective hemodynamic study and retrospective receptor assay. SETTING: Multidisciplinary ICU in a university hospital. SUBJECTS: 42 patients who required pulmonary arterial catheters and an additional 4 corpses who were available for study within 3 h of their deaths. INTERVENTION: Intravenous methylprednisolone (10 mg/kg). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: We pursued a hemodynamic study following a glucocorticoid administration. In patients who had undergone a long term (> 72 h) catecholamine treatment, the cardiac index increased. In patients who had undergone a short term (1-72 h) catecholamine treatment and in patients with no record of catecholamine administration, the cardiac index showed no remarkable change. Among the corpses, who died soon after their arrival, and the patients, who later died in the ward and were available for further study, we measured beta-adrenergic receptor density in the left ventricular myocardium. It was found that receptor density was decreased after long term catecholamine treatment. Methylprednisolone, on the other hand increased the receptor density. CONCLUSION: Methylprednisolone improved the cardiac index, intriguingly, in patients with long term catecholamine treatment in circulatory shock. Myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor also increased in number after the administration of methylprednisolone. However, the hemodynamic improvement caused by methylprednisolone was not observed in patients without beta-adrenergic down-regulation.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

Stereo-videomicrography projection system for use at scientific meetings. A technical note.

A new stereoscopic projection system has been developed for simultaneous viewing of microsurgical procedures by hundreds of participants at neurosurgical meetings. The video images recorded from each eyepiece of an operating microscope were projected onto two wide screens, which were viewed by two converging eyes or by cross-sight. The system was simple and proved to be of great practical use although it yielded minor eyestrain and required some practice.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1995

Ginsenoside Rg1 modulates ingestive behavior and thermal response induced by interleukin-1 beta in rats.

Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), a major component of panax ginseng, on changes in ingestive behavior and rectal temperature induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) were investigated in rats. Intraperitoneal (ip) injection of IL-1 beta suppressed food and water intake and elevated rectal temperature. The suppressive effect of IL-1 beta on water intake was converted to an increase when 4.0 mM Rg1 was continuously infused into the third cerebroventricle (ICV) at a rate of 0.966 microliters/h. The elevation of rectal temperature induced by IL-1 beta was attenuated by ICV infusion of Rg1. The feeding suppression caused by IL-1 beta was unaffected by ICV infusion of Rg1. These results suggest that sustained ICV infusion of Rg1 may modulate the effects of IL-1 beta on ingestive behaviors, i.e., increase in water intake and sustained decrease in food intake, resulting in a lowering of body temperature.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

IV compared with brachial plexus infusion of butorphanol for postoperative analgesia.

In a randomized, double-blind, controlled study, we have compared two groups of patients receiving either continuous systemic i.v. or continuous brachial plexus infusion of butorphanol for analgesia after operations on the upper extremities. Twenty-two patients undergoing elective upper extremity surgery were allocated randomly to one of two groups to receive either butorphanol i.v. and saline injected into the brachial plexus sheath (i.v. group) or butorphanol injected into the brachial plexus sheath and saline i.v. (brachial plexus group). After surgery on the upper extremity under continuous axillary brachial plexus block, each patient received a continuous infusion of butorphanol either i.v. or into the brachial plexus sheath at a dose of 83.3 micrograms h-1. Concurrently, a saline infusion was given via the alternate route. Patients rated their pain on a 10-cm visual analogue scale (VAS). VAS scores in the two groups did not differ up to 6 h and 24 h after operation. From 9 h until 24 h after operation, pain scores were significantly higher in the i.v. group than in the brachial plexus group. The VAS score 9 h after operation was 3.3 (SD 2.7) in the i.v. group and 0.6 (0.9) in the brachial plexus group (P < 0.01); 12 h after operation 2.7 (1.8) in the i.v. group and 0.6 (0.9) in the brachial plexus group (P < 0.01); 18 h after operation 1.7 (1.0) in the i.v. group and 0.7 (1.0) in the brachial plexus group (P < 0.05); and 24 h after operation 3.2 (2.4) in the i.v. group and 0.7 (1.2) in the brachial plexus group (P < 0.01). We conclude that continuous injection of butorphanol into the brachial plexus sheath provided superior analgesia compared with continuous i.v. injection.

Adolescent↗