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Biomedical subjects

R Obrist

Publications and source records attributed to R Obrist.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Immune profile in patients with Hodgkin's disease in long-term remission after cytostatic chemotherapy].

13 patients in complete and prolonged remission after treatment with cytostatic chemotherapy for disseminated Hodgkin's disease have been investigated for immune competence by a total of 27 immunological parameters. 11 patients had abnormal values for lymphocyte populations, lymphocyte function and skin tests. The immune profile described is suitable for long-term evaluation of patients under immunosuppressive therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Vindesine. A clinical trial with special reference to neurological side effects.

A good tumoricidal activity of vindesine (VDS) has been reported in a variety of animal tumors and in human leukemias and lymphomas. We treated 22 patients who had received no prior chemotherapy and were suffering from a variety of malignant neoplasms with 0.5 mg/m2 to 3.0 mg/m2 VDS i. v. once or three times at weekly intervals and recorded the clinical, hematologic, and especially, neurological side effects. Clinically we observed fatigue in nine patients, paresthesias in seven, myalgias in three, vertigo and diarrhea in two, and skin pains, tinnitus, gastric pains, alopecia, and tremor in one patient each. There was no obvious dose-action relationship. Paravenous injection caused cellulitis similar to that seen with vincristine. No side effects were apparent in liver (SGPT) and renal (creatinine) function tests. Hematologically there was a clear trend toward leukopenia with higher doses of DVA and a mean increase in the thrombocyte count by 51 X 10(3)/mm3 was found (sign test: P greater than 0.05). The hemoglobin level did not change. Clinical neurological examination and monitoring by electroneurography revealed no changes in tensiometer performance, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, motor or sensory nerve action potential amplitudes, or H-reflex responses. There was dose-related diminution of the proprioceptive reflexes, especially in the lower extremities. Even with as little as 2.0 mg/m2 VDS i. v. at weekly intervals for 3 weeks Achilles and patellar tendon reflexes were diminished or absent in all patients.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1978

[Kaposi sarcoma. A short review on a rare disease].

Pathological, clinical, epidemiological and immunological aspects of a rare tumor, Kaposi's sarcoma, are briefly discussed. The prevalence of the disease in an African population raises questions about genetic and environmental factors in its carcinogenesis. Immunological data indicate a probable viral origin. The clinical patterns seem to be influenced by alterations of the immune defense mechanisms. Most questions about its biological behaviour remain to be answered yet.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Differentiation of lymphocyte populations in the blood of breast-cancer patients].

The number of T lymphocytes has been determined in the peripheral blood of 90 women (65 patients with breast cancer and 25 healthy controls) using a sheep-erythrocyte rosetting technique and a cytochemical method for intracellular localization of a nonspecific acid esterase. Both tests were in agreement in showing a significant depression of T-cell percentage in a group of patients with progressive disseminated breast cancer under hormonal and chemotherapeutic treatment. After radiotherapy a fall in T cells was observed only with the rosetting method. Possible reasons for this phenomenon are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Discrimination of monoamine uptake by membranes of adrenal chromaffin granules.

1 The accumulation of various radioactive monoamines by isolated membranes of bovine adrenal chromaffin granules was measured by equilibrium dialysis. 2 Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the presence of Mg++ stimulated the uptake of all the amines tested, but the accumulation of dopamine, (-)-noradrenaline (NA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), (plus or minus)-adrenaline and (plus or minus)-octopamine was greater than that of tyramine, (plus or minus)-metaraminol, tryptamine, beta-phenylethylamine and histamine. 3 At the higher concentration levels of the amines in the medium the ATP-dependent accumulation of dopamine, NA, adrenaline and 5-HT in the membranes reached a saturation level, whereas in the absence of the nucleotide no saturation level was attained. 4 Octopamine and 5-HT competitively inhibited the ATP-dependent uptake of NA, 5 Decrease in the incubation temperature or the presence of N-ethylameimide greatly reduced the ATP-stimulated amine accumulation. Ouabain had no effect on uptake. 6 Reserpine virtually abolished the ATP-dependent uptake of dopamine, NA and 5-HT, caused a partial inhibition of the metaraminol, octopamine and tyramine accumulation, but did not interfere with the uptake of tryptamine. 7 The content of endogenous catecholamines of the membranes was changed very little by incubation of NA and 5-HT in the presence of ATP. However, the membranes lost over 80% of their endogenous amines if incubated for 30 min without ATP. 8 The ATP content of the medium progressively decreased during the incubation of granular membranes. 9 It is concluded that the membrane of adrenal chromaffin granules discriminates between the various monoamines with regard to the magnitude of their uptake and that two mechanisms of ATP-stimulated uptake, one responsive and the other resistant to reserpine, exist at the level of this membrane. The ATP-stimulated transport at the granular membrane level may be an important factor in determining the intraneuronal storage of a physiological or false neurotransmitter.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human B cells express membrane-bound and soluble forms of the CD14 myeloid antigen.

The expression of the myeloid differentiation antigen CD14 on the B lineage was analyzed. A CD14-specific monoclonal antibody was used to isolate the antigen from normal B, B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, and a representative Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line (EBVLCL). A soluble form of this protein was detected in the culture supernatant of all the B cell types tested. The molecule expressed in the normal B and B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells was identical in size to the 52,000 mol. wt monocyte-isolated CD14 glycoprotein. A 64,000 mol. wt antigen was isolated from the lymphoblastoid cell line. Similar 2-D gel electrophoretic patterns to that of the monocyte-derived CD14 were obtained from the normal B and B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell-isolated molecules. These similarities were reflected in minor isoelectric point (pI) differences between the polypeptide spots (pI 4.8), in the first dimension, and identical molecular weight (52,000) in the second dimension. The EBVLCL-isolated polypeptide, when analyzed by 2-D gel electrophoresis, showed a pI identical to that of the myeloid antigen (pI 4.6). The isolated soluble form was of smaller (47,000 mol. wt, normal B and B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells) or similar size (64,000 mol. wt, lymphoblastoid cell line) compared with their corresponding membrane-bound forms. Interestingly, two-colour immunofluorescence analysis showed that only two out of four CD14-specific mAb tested bound to the B cells. We conclude that the CD14 antigen is, in fact, expressed in the B lineage. Its cell surface expression and serum level in the prognosis of B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients needs to be evaluated.

Antigens, CD↗