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Biomedical subjects

R Noyes

Publications and source records attributed to R Noyes.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Agoraphobia: newer treatment approaches.

Agoraphobia is the commonest and most severe form of phobic disorder. Techniques presently available for its treatment fall into the broad categories of behavior therapy, pharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy. Of the behavioral approaches in current use flooding is probably most effective. Group exposure methods are valuable and have the advantage of conserving therapist time. Pharmacological agents of demonstrated value include monoamine oxidase inhibitors (phenelzine) and tricyclic antidepressants (imipramine). These drugs are capable of preventing the spontaneous panic attacks observed in agoraphobic patients. Psychotherapy, once the mainstay of treatment, has largely become an adjunctive procedure.

Agoraphobia↗
PubMed1978

Secondary depression in anxiety neurosis.

Forty-four per cent of 112 patients with anxiety neurosis reported episodes of depression during the course of their illness compared with only 7 per cent of surgical controls. Although the majority developed in response to environmental circumstances and were of brief duration, they commonly led to psychiatric treatment or hospitalization in this group of patients. Patients who developed this complication were shown to have a more chronic and severe underlying illness.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1978

Appraisal of codeine as an analgesic in older patients.

In an investigation of a new oral analgesic agent, codeine was chosen as the reference drug because of its established reputation as an effective agent for the relief of pain. Thirty-five patients with cancer pain were studied. Their average age was 58 years, During a 5-day hospital stay they received, on each of three days, either codeine (120 mg or 60 mg) or placebo. At hourly intervals after ingestion the nurse observer collected data on pain intensity and the degree of pain relief, and the patients independently charted the hourly intensity. Statistical analysis failed to show any significant superiority of either dose of codeine over placebo. Moreover, codeine is known to have a constipating effect. Re-appraisal of the value of codeine as an analgesic agent in elderly patients seems justified.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The dying role: its relevance to improved patient care.

Society is failing to meet the obligation it has to its dying members. Persons with terminal illnesses suffer isolation and neglect in hospitals, receive overzealous treatment by physicians, and are kept in ignorance of their situation by families and medical personnel. Evidence for these statements has come from observers of the medical care system and from dying patients themselves (Kübler-Ross, 1969; Reynolds and Kalish, 1974; Sudnow, 1967); In the nineteenth century it was common for persons to die in the familiar environs of their homes, surrounded by grieving families from whom they parted in a meaningful manner (Blauner, 1966). Dying persons of today no longer fill a well-defined social role. Instead, the distinction between the roles of sick and dying persons has been lost and, in the resulting confusion, the care of dying people has suffered. The purpose of this article is to clarify the distinction between the dying and sick roles, identify the signs of existing role confusion, suggest ways in which this confusion may be corrected, and show how reestablishment of the dying role can result in improved care of dying people. The important part physicians play in defining sick and dying roles will be emphasized.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Depersonalization in accident victims and psychiatric patients.

A transient depersonalization syndrome was identified in nearly one third of persons exposed to life-threatening danger (accident victims) and close to 40% of a group of hospitalized psychiatric patients. Although the syndrome was similar in these populations, mental clouding developed more commonly among patients and alertness was more prominent among accident victims. Anxiety was significantly associated with the development of depersonalization among psychiatric patients and was almost certainly a factor in its appearance among accident victims. The findings suggest that this syndrome is a specific response to extreme danger or its associated anxiety.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1977

Single case study. Conjugal suicide pact.

Prior to entering into a suicide pact the married couple in this case study formed an intensely interdependent and socially isolated unit that illness threatened to dissolve. The depressed husband conveyed suicidal ideation to his wife in a manner suggestive of folie à deux.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The changing attitudes of physicians toward prolonging life.

This follow-up survey of physicians' attitudes and practices reveals a changing approach toward the care of terminal patients. It shows that: 1) communication with dying patients is becoming more open, 2) support for the omission of life-prolonging treatments is increasing, and 3) opposition to the use of death-hastening measures remains strong. It indicates that the physician's experience with terminal patients and the setting of his practice influence his attitude towards these patients and the approach to treatment.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1976

Anxiety neurosis: a 5-year follow-up.

Fifty-seven patients who were seen on a psychiatric consultation service and who met criteria for the diagnosis of anxiety neurosis were followed up after 5 years. These patients presented symptoms from a variety of organ systems and appeared typical of anxiety neurotics seen in general medical practice. A favorable outcome was demonstrated in 67 per cent who were either recovered or mildly impaired. Women showed a more favorable outcome than men. Among men, age at the time of consultation was positively correlated with the degree of impairment after 5 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The analgesic properties of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and codeine.

The administration of single oral doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to patients with cancer pain demonstrated a mild analgesic effect. At a dose of 20 mg, however, THC induced side effects that would prohibit its therapeutic use including somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, and blurred vision. Alarming adverse reactions were also observed at this dose. THC, 10 mg, was well tolerated and, despite its sedative effect, may analgesic potential.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1975

Suicide attempted by self-immolation.

The authors found that 14 individuals who had attempted suicide by self-immolation all had psychiatric illness (most were psychotic), and many had religious preoccupations. There was a reversal of the usual male to female ratios for burn injury and for successful suicide--all 5 completed suicides were women. Although self-immolation as social protest was widely publicized during the years surveyed, the authors note that these individuals all attempted suicide for personal and irrational rather than morally idealistic reasons.

Adolescent↗